DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION

MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL

Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu

PRACTICAL RESEARCH I:

RESEARCH PROBLEM AND

RESEARCH QUESTION
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
OBJECTIVES

1. Design a research project related to daily life

2. Write a research title
3. Provide the justifications/reasons for
conducting the research
4. State research question
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
STIRRING UP IMAGINATION

PROBLEM VS. QUESTION

Baraceros, E, L., Practical Research I

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

- statement about an area of concern, a condition to

be improved, a difficulty to be eliminated, or a
troubling question that exists in scholarly
literature, in theory, or in practice that points to
the need for meaningful
understanding and deliberate investigation.
- lead you to a specific topic to focus on
- gives clear purpose and justification to your
research
Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

Example:
Research Topic: The construction of a covered Pathway in
the MNHS-SHS School Campus.
Research Problem: The need to have a safer, comfortable,
and healthful walk or transfer of students from place to place in
the MNHS-SHS School Campus.
General Question: What kind of covered path should the
MNHS-SHS School Campus construct?
Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

Specific Questions:
1. What materials are needed for the construction of the
covered pathway in the MNHS-SHS School Campus?
2. What roofing material is appropriate for the covered path?
3. In what way can the covered pathway link all buildings in the
campus?
4. What is the width and height of the covered path?
5. How can the covered path realize green architecture?
Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

Example:
Research Topic: Designing Environmentally Friendly
Bioplastics from Renewable Resources
Research Problem: The challenge to develop bioplastics with
desirable mechanical, thermal, and biodegradable
characteristics.
General Question: How can bioplastics be designed and
optimized for sustainable use, considering their mechanical
properties, thermal stability, and biodegradability?
Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

Specific Questions:
1. What are the different types of biopolymers derived from
renewable resources (e.g., starch, cellulose, polylactic acid)
that can be used as alternatives to conventional plastics?
2. How do the molecular structures and compositions of
biopolymers influence the mechanical properties (e.g., tensile
strength, elasticity) of resulting bioplastic materials?

Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

Specific Questions:
3. What are the methods for enhancing the thermal stability
and processing characteristics of bioplastics to meet industrial
standards?
4. How can additives and reinforcements (e.g., plasticizers,
fibers) be incorporated into bioplastic formulations to improve
their performance and durability?

Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
RESEARCH PROBLEM

Specific Questions:
5. What are the environmental impacts of bioplastics
throughout their lifecycle, including raw material extraction,
production, use, and end-of-life disposal, compared to
conventional plastics?

Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
GUIDELINES IN FORMULATING RESEARCH QUESTIONS

1. Establish a clear relation between the research questions

and the problem or topic.
2. Base your research questions on your RRL.
3. Formulate research questions that can arouse your curiosity
and surprise you with your discoveries or findings.
4. State your research questions in such a way that they
include all dependent and independent variables referred to
by the theories, principles or concepts underlying your
research work. Baraceros, E, L., Practical Research I
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
GUIDELINES IN FORMULATING RESEARCH QUESTIONS

5. Let the set of research questions or sub-problems be

preceded by one question expressing the main problem of the
research
6. Avoid asking questions that are answerable by “yes” or “no”
and use the “how” questions only in a quantitative research.
7. Be guided by the acronym SMART (specific, measurable,
attainable, realistic, time-bound) in formulating research
questions.
Baraceros, E, L., Practical Research I
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
APPLY WHAT YOU LEARN!

1. Make a list of possible problems you want to research.

2. Identify your research topic, justify the reason behind your
decision and mention, too, the benefits and the beneficiaries
of your research work.
3. Formulate one general or “mother” question to reflect your
research problem or topic.
4. Base on whatever background knowledge you have about
your topic, formulate five (5) research questions or sub-
problems that are closely related to the general question.
Baraceros, E, L., Practical Research I
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
HOW TO START A RESEARCH STUDY

You can start your study by considering the following (Barbour,

R. 2014):
1. The most important element that defines the research problem.
2. It is usually read first and the most read part of the research.
3. It contains the least words enough to describe the contents and
the purpose of your research paper.
4. It can be revised any and many times as the research develops
and reach its final phase. It becomes final on its final defense
before the panel of judges.
Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

A part of a research title has the following information:

1. The subject matter or topic to be investigated. (“What?”)

2. The place or locale where the research is to be conducted.
(“Where?”)
3. The population like the respondents’ interviewees. (“Who”?)
4. The time period of the study during which the data are to be
collected. (“When”?)
Module 3: Identifying the Inquiry and Stating the Problem
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

Checklist/useful tips for drafting a good title for a research

paper ( Tullu, 2019):
1. The title needs to be simple and direct
2. It should be interesting and informative
3. It should be specific, accurate, and functional (with essential
scientific “keywords” for indexing)
4. It should be concise, precise, and should include the main
theme of the paper.
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

Checklist/useful tips for drafting a good title for a research

paper ( Tullu, 2019):
5. It should not be misleading or misrepresentative
6. It should not be too long or too short (or cryptic)
7. It should avoid whimsical or amusing words
8. It should avoid nonstandard abbreviations and unnecessary
acronyms (or technical jargon).
9.Title should be SPICED, that is, it should include Setting, Population,
Intervention, Condition, End-point, and Design
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

Checklist/useful tips for drafting a good title for a research

paper ( Tullu, 2019):
10. Place of the study and sample size should be
mentioned only if it adds to the scientific value of the title
11. Important terms/keywords should be placed in the
beginning of the title
12. Descriptive titles are preferred to declarative or
interrogative titles
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

Example:

Metallothionein Response of Dosinia histrio to Heavy Metal

Concentrations in Balamban Coastline, Cebu

Antioxidant Properties of Umbrella Plant (Cyperus

alternifolius L.)

Villacarlos, C.J., A., et. Al., 2019/2023

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

Study of Ventilator-Associated Pneumonia in a Pediatric

Intensive Care Unit
- The words “study of” can
be deleted

Neurological Manifestations of HIV Infection

- Short title; abbreviation
“HIV” may be
Tullu, 2019
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
WRITING A RESEARCH TITLE

Krabbe Disease - Clinical Profile

- Very short title (only four words) -
may miss out on the essential
keywords required for
indexing
Experience of Pediatric Tetanus Cases from Mumbai
- City mentioned (Mumbai) in the
title - one needs to think
Tullu, 2019
 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
APPLY WHAT YOU LEARN!

Make a research title out of your chosen topics.

Title:
________________________________________

Baraceros, E, L., Practical Research I

 DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION
MADRIDEJOS NATIONAL HIGH SCHOOL
Lapu-Lapu St., Poblacion, Madridejos, Cebu
REFERENCES

Practical Research 1 for Grade 11

Alternative Delivery Mode
Quarter 1 – Module 2: Qualitative Research and its Importance in
Daily Life
First Edition, 2020

Baraceros, Esther L., Practical Research 1. Second Edition. July

2022

Tullu, Millind S., Writing the title and abstract for a research paper:
Being concise, precise, and meticulous is the key, 2019