Topic :Detailing Beams

Design of Structures

SHOKO GRAHAM
MOMBEYARARA TAKUDZWA
KUDAKWASHE MUTEDZI
NYATANGA RUDOLF
 COURSE: DESIGN OF STRUCTURE CENG302
&CEQS302)

SCOPE:
Introduction To Beam Detailing.
Types of Beam
Detailing Of A Simply Supported Beam – Singly Beam
Detailing Of A Simply Supported Beam – Doubly
Detailing Of A Continuous Beam
Detailing Of A Cantilever Beam
 INTRODUCTION
BEAM DETAILING
Beam detailing refers to the process of providing specific
information and instructions for the design and construction of
reinforced concrete beams.
During beam detailing, the following aspects are typically considered:
TYPES OF BEAMS
 SINGLY REINFORCED AND DOUBLY REINFORCED BEAM

FIG(A)-Singly reinforced beam FIG(B)-Doubly reinforced beam

Factors to consider when detailing a SSB that is singly reinforced.

• Tension reinforcement is main reinforcement

• For SS beam it is on bottom side at where tension
generated.
• Provide anchorage bars at top of beam where
compression is generated.
• Shear reinforcement provided throughout the length
of the beam.
• Stirrups should provide with hooks
An example to illustrate the detailing of a simply
supported beam which is singly reinforced
Beam Reinforcement Section
Beam Cross Sectional Area
 Detailing a SSB that is doubly reinforced

 A doubly reinforced beam differs from a singly reinforced beam in terms of reinforcement
and the curtailment of the bars at the supports
 It has Compression reinforcement to cope up with the compressive stress at the top of the
beam and tension reinforcement bars at the bottom
 The bars should have an anchorage length which refers to the length of an embedded
reinforcement bar or anchor that is required to develop its full strength and transfer forces
between the reinforcement and the surrounding concrete or masonry.
 The required anchorage length depends on several factors, including the type of
reinforcement, the diameter of the bar, the strength of the concrete, and the design
loadings. It is typically specified by building codes or engineering standards.
 The tension reinforcement should be curtailed at the supports of the beam up to 50% of
the required rebar
 The mid-span of the beam should have 100% of the reinforcement.
Anchorage of bars
BS 8110: Part 1,
clause 3.12.9.4

Curtailment of re-
bars
clause 3.12.10.2
and Figs. 3.24(b)
 Cross sectional area of beam at
support end and Mid span
Anchorage of bars
BS 8110: Part 1,
clause 3.12.9.4

Curtailment of re-
bars
clause 3.12.10.2
and Figs. 3.24(b)
CROSS SECTIONAL AREA DETAILS

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·
·
DETAILING OF A CANTILEVER BEAM
 INTRODUCTION
• Definition:- A cantilever beam is a structural element
that extends horizontally and supported only at one end.
• They are widely used in various structures, providing
support and load resistance at one end whilst projecting
freely in space.
• Accurate and comprehensive detailing is crucial for
ensuring its structural integrity and performance.
 EXAMPLE
• A cantilever beam projects 2.5m beyond fixed end
and carries a load of 12kN/m. Design the cantilever
beam using M20 and FE415. The depth of the beam
is 400mm, the width of the beam is 250mm and the
width of the support is 350mm.
 DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
• Before designing it is essential to understand the
design the requirements including loading conditions,
materials and dimension specifications.
Loading Conditions Materials Dimensions
• Wl=12kN/m • Grade M20 of • L=2.5m
• Wd=2.5kN/m concrete • l=2685mm
• W=14.5kN/m • Grade FE415 of • W=350mm
• Wu=21.75kN/m steel • b=2560mm
• D=400mm
• d=370mm
 DESIGN BENDING MOMENTS
We are given:
• MU=78.4kNm and MUlimit=91.03kNm
Now, since MU < MUlimit, then proceed.
• Ast=696mm2 , we adopt 16mm diameter bars
• ast=201mm2
• Provide 4-16mm diameter as tension bars
 DESIGN FOR SHEAR

We are given,
• Ultimate shear force=58.5kN and nominal shear
strength=0.631N/mm2
• Design shear stress of concrete=0.588N/mm2
Since the nominal shear strength>design shear stress of
concrete, shear design is required, thus stirrups must
be provided
 CONT’…

Now, shear carried by concrete=54.39kN and shear

carried by stirrups=4.01kN
• Design of stirrups, provide 8mm diameter 2L
• Now spacing of stirrups=277.5mm c/c
• Thus provide 8mm diameter 2L at 275mm c/c
 DEVELOPMENT LENGTH
• Development length is the length of reinforcement that needs
to be embedded in a concrete structure to ensure proper
bond strength between the steel reinforcement and the
concrete
• Its vital in the stability and integrity of the structure.
• In this example development length was 752mm.
SECTIONS OF THE CANTILEVER BEAAM
DETAILING OF A CONTINUOUS BEAM
 DETAILING OF A CONTINUOUS BEAM

Detailing of continuous beams

Intro :-
- a structural element that spans multiple supports and is designed to carry loads over
its entire length
- a beam having more than two supports
- The intermediate supports are always subjected to a bending moment(it is generally
neg (hogging case)
- If end supports are simply supported, the BM at end supports will be zero
 The following are key considerations when detailing a
beam:
load distribution Ensure proper load distribution along the beam’s
length to minimize stress concentrations

section design Optimize the beam’s cross-sectional shape

and dimensions based on load
requirements
Flexural reinforcement Specify the placement of reinforcement
bars to resist bending forces
shear reinforcement Detail shear reinforcement to enhance the
beam's resistance against shear forces

Curtailment detailing Implement proper curtailment detailing at

the end sections of the continuous beam
 Example
• A rectangular beam of size 230mm x 500mm is continuous over a number of
columns spaced at 4.5m c/c. The width of the support is 300mm. Mid span or +v4
steel= 4#20mm diameter support span or –ve steel = 4# 20mm diameter. Shear
reinforcement = 2legged #8mm vertical stirrups @150mm c/c near column for a
distance of 1m and 300 mm c/c in the remaining portion. Use m20 and Fe415.
 Cross sectional area details

Longitudinal section
 Factors to consider when detailing a continuous beam

• Loadings: determine the type, magnitude, and location of the

loads.
• Span lengths: consider the lengths of individual spans in the beam
system
• Support conditions: analyze the beam to determine internal forces
and moments.
• Material selection: choose the appropriate for the bema
• Cross-section selection: select a suitable cross-sectional shape for
the beam
 NOTES:
• HOOK ANGLE – 135 degrees
• HOOK EXTENSION – 4 to 6 times the diameter of the bar
(According to BS8110)
THANK YOU