MOSQUITO

BORNE DISEASES

Course: NURS 2014 Community

Health Nursing

School: University Of The West

Indies, St Augustine UWISoN
 GROUP 12 MEMBERS
Student's Name Student’s ID #
Azariah Ignatius 816040095
Justin Walker 816041266
Carla Lara 816029903
Kabrina Ramkissoon 816039514
Nikita Bachan 816035618
Sidney Bowen 816038358
Daniel Frontin 816039150
Aaliyah Mollineaux-Hector 816040087
Kayla Davidson 816041270
Kyle Brooker 816041277
Magdalene Singh 816040626

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 2

 AGENDA
 Introduction of mosquito borne diseases.
 How mosquito borne diseases impact health (Positive and
negative).
 Main features of mosquito borne diseases. Ways to
mitigate/decrease any negative impact.
 Role of the Community Health Nurse/District Health Visitor
 Governmental agencies and programs locally, regionally,
and internationally that address mosquito borne diseases.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 3

INTRODUCTION
•Diseases spread by mosquito bites that affect both humans and
animals are known as mosquito-borne diseases. Certain types of
mosquitoes carry pathogens, including bacteria, viruses, and
parasites, which are the cause of many diseases. In many parts of
the world, mosquito-borne diseases pose a serious threat to public
health, especially in tropical and subtropical areas where
mosquito populations are abundant. These infections can manifest
in a variety of ways, ranging from minor flu-like symptoms to
serious illnesses that could be fatal. Mosquito-borne diseases
encompass a variety of illnesses, such as dengue fever, malaria,
chikungunya, Zika virus, and yellow fever. Insecticides, mosquito
nets, and other methods are frequently used in an effort to lower
mosquito populations and stop mosquito bites in order to combat
these diseases.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 4

HOW MOSQUITO
BORNE DISEASES
IMPACT HEALTH

Positive and Negative

 NEGATIVE IMPACTS
 Health Risks: Mosquito-borne diseases such as malaria, dengue fever, Zika virus, and
chikungunya can cause severe illness and even death in affected individuals. These
diseases can lead to symptoms ranging from mild discomfort to life-threatening
conditions, putting a strain on healthcare systems.

 Economic Burden: Mosquito-borne diseases result in substantial economic burdens due

to healthcare costs, lost productivity from illness, and investments required for vector
control measures. Particularly in regions where these diseases are endemic, the
economic impact can be crippling for both individuals and governments.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 6

 NEGATIVE IMPACTS CONT.
 Social Disruption: Outbreaks of mosquito-borne diseases can disrupt communities and
societies, causing fear and panic among residents. Travel advisories and restrictions
may be imposed, affecting tourism and trade, and leading to social and economic
isolation for affected regions.

 Impact on Vulnerable Populations: Mosquito-borne diseases often disproportionately

affect vulnerable populations, including children, pregnant women, the elderly, and
individuals with weakened immune systems. These groups may be more susceptible to
severe complications and have limited access to healthcare resources.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 7

 POSITIVE IMPACTS

 Mosquitoes, despite being a pest to humans, play a vital role in the ecosystem and have positive effects on
health. They serve as pollinators, transferring pollen from flower to flower, and are a vital part of the food
chain for various wildlife species. Mosquito larvae also eat waste, including microorganisms and frass,
which is an excellent source of nutrients for plants.

 Scientists believe that mosquitoes are important in medicine, as they can prevent blood clotting through
chemicals in their saliva. While mosquito-borne diseases have limited positive impacts on human health,
vector control is a preferred method to reduce human infections caused by mosquitoes.

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PRESENTATION TITLE
 POSITIVE IMPACTS CONT.
 Visitation clinical trials have made significant progress, with licenses given to malaria,
dengue, yellow fever, and Japanese encephalitis vaccines. Researchers may introduce
innovative vaccines for Zika and chikungunya in the future, and it is hoped that more
vaccines will be included in the immunization timetable in the coming years.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 9

MAIN FEATURES OF MOSQUITO
BORNE DISEASES.
WAYS TO DECREASE/MITIGATE
THE IMPACTS OF MOSQUITO
BORNE DISEASES.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 10

THE ISSUE OF MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES
INCLUDES MANY FEATURES
 Global Distribution- Mosquito Borne Diseases usually populate tropical and temperate conditions.
This is because these war, and humid conditions provide the perfect breeding grounds and serves as
an ideal condition for survival. Subsequently, they effect the poorest of communities which are
associated with poor hygiene and unclean water. Global distribution of mosquito borne diseases is
deterred by the demographic, environmental factors and social factors.

 Variety of Diseases – Mosquitoes transmit diseases and viruses such as Malaria, West Nile Virus,
Dengue, Zika, Yellow Fever and Chikungunya. These viruses all present different symptoms, plans
of treatments and cures which makes them each unique.

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THE ISSUE OF MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES
INCLUDES MANY FEATURES CONT.

 Impact on Health – Symptoms present themselves 3-14 days after transmission. Some symptoms
include headaches, fevers, body aches, nausea, coma and in rare cases death. Some vaccines have
been developed to reduce the risk of death and severity of symbionts during infection.

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 WAYS TO DECREASE/MITIGATE THE IMPACTS
OF MOSQUITO BORNE DISEASES
 Reduce risk to workers
Workers are at danger when they labor in areas where mosquitoes bite. Mosquito species are located in a variety of
geographic areas, are most active at different times of day, and transmit a variety of illnesses. The danger to workers
varies depending on whether they labor in the United States or overseas, the kind of environment at the work site, the
season, and the time of day.

 Reduce water Contamination:

Mosquitoes deposit their eggs in or near standing water. To reduce mosquitoes at work sites, remove equipment, cover it,
store it, and clear ditches of debris.
To prevent standing water, fill up ruts and remove tires, buckets, bottles, and barrels that collect it. Installing drain holes
in containers that accumulate water and cannot be disposed

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 Long-Lasting Insecticide-Treated Nets.
Long-lasting insecticide-treated nets (LLINs) are manufactured using a fabric treated with an insecticide, often
pyrethroids. Based on distinct new fabric technologies and limitations associated with standard insecticide-treated nets
(ITNs), LLINs were developed to resist up to twenty washings in field circumstances.

 Repellent.
Apply mosquito repellent to bare skin and clothing.
Always apply repellents in accordance with the label. Repellents including DEET, picaridin, lemon eucalyptus oil, para-
menthane-diol, and IR3535 work well.
Use netting to protect youngsters under the age of two months.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 14

ROLE OF
THE
COMMUNI
TY
HEALTH
NURSE/  Early identification and reporting of symptoms is critical to prevent
disease complications.
DISTRICT
HEALTH  Thorough patient histories should be taken.

VISITOR  Nurses should educate patients in high-risk areas, of insect bite risks
and provide preventative strategies.

 Nurses should assess for neurological changes.

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ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY
HEALTH NURSE/DISTRICT
HEALTH VISITOR
• Community health nurses play a crucial role in educating diverse
populations about mosquito-borne diseases.

• They translate complex scientific information into understandable

language.

• Equipped with knowledge and tools, nurses can effectively teach

about transmission cycles, vector ecology, and disease
manifestations.

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ROLE OF THE COMMUNITY HEALTH
NURSE/DISTRICT HEALTH VISITOR
• Vector Control Measures:
- Collaborating with local authorities to implement control
strategies (CDC, 2020).
- Participating in mosquito surveillance and implementing
environmentally-friendly control methods (WHO, 2017

• Healthcare Provision:
- Providing diagnosis, treatment, and counseling for mosquito-
borne illnesses (WHO, 2019).
- Ensuring adherence to treatment regimens and follow-up care
(CDC, 2020).
• Community Engagement:
- Mobilizing community members through clean-up campaigns
and outreach programs (WHO, 2017).
- Fostering partnerships with stakeholders to promote sustainable
mosquito control efforts. (CDC, 2020).
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GOVERNMENTAL
AGENCIES AND
PROGRAMS LOCALLY,
REGIONALLY, AND
INTERNATIONALLY THAT
ADDRESS MOSQUITO
BORNE DISEASES.

18

CONTENT
Regionally:
• The vulnerability of small island developing states
in the Caribbean to climate change: The
continuous heat waves, storms, floods, and
droughts have a major impact on the health and
well-being of the region.
• Advances in climate science help to predict these
hazards and their impact on public health.
• These improvements will not only help with
achieving the Sustainable Development Goals but
also improve health and well-being in the
Caribbean.
• In this research article, they explain the progress
made in the difference between climate science
and public health decision-making in the
Caribbean. They talk on improving climate
services to help mosquito-transmitted diseases,
which is critical because of the increased risk of
infectious disease outbreaks.
• They also discuss the challenges of limited
financial resources, technical expertise, data
sharing, and collaborations between climate and
health communities.
• To explain these limitations, they recommend
focusing on integrated climate, health, and
mosquito surveillance systems, building regional
and local capacities, and designing cross-sectoral
policies and action plans.
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 CONTENT
Locally Internationally
• Trinidad and Tobago face health risks from various • The World Health Organization (WHO) is the global leader in addressing
insect-borne diseases, including dengue fever, mosquito-borne diseases like malaria, dengue, and Zika. It provides
malaria, yellow fever, West Nile virus, and hairy- guidance, technical support, and coordinates international strategies for
moth infestation. The Insect Vector Control prevention, control, and elimination. Pan American Health Organization
Division is tasked with safeguarding public health (PAHO) supports countries in preventing, surveillance, and controlling
by implementing safe and cost-effective vector these diseases through integrated vector management approaches. The
control measures. Their mission involves Global Fund mobilizes resources and provides funding for prevention,
monitoring and controlling disease-carrying vectors diagnosis, treatment, and control of malaria, dengue, and other mosquito-
through detection, surveillance, and preventive borne diseases. Roll Back Malaria (RBM) is a global partnership
actions, especially in flooded areas. Citizens are committed to ending malaria through advocacy, resource mobilization,
encouraged to contact the division in cases of and coordination of interventions. RBM collaborates with partners to
diagnosed diseases or concerns about vector-related advocate for sustained political commitment, funding, and innovation in
outbreaks, prompting the division to assess and malaria control, while providing technical support to strengthen malaria
implement control measures as needed. control programs.

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 CONCLUSION
Mosquito-borne diseases disproportionately impact vulnerable populations and provide health concerns, financial hardships, and social
disruptions. They upend communities, harm vulnerable groups, and result in serious disease and death. But mosquitoes are also vital
members of the food chain, pollinators, and food suppliers. By inhibiting blood coagulation and possibly converting mosquitoes into live
vaccinations, they also benefit medicine. Ongoing research aims to create anticoagulant medications and utilize mosquitoes to produce live
vaccinations. Mosquito-borne diseases pose a significant threat to workers, with their presence in various geographic areas, active times of
day, and varying health impacts. To mitigate these risks, workers should be protected by reducing their risk to workers, reducing water
contamination, using long-lasting insecticide-treated nets, and applying mosquito repellent to bare skin and clothing. Mosquito-borne
diseases are primarily found in tropical and temperate conditions, affecting the poorest communities with poor hygiene and unclean water.
Symptoms of these diseases can appear 3-14 days after transmission, with some requiring vaccines to reduce the risk of death and severity
of infection. Overall, addressing mosquito-borne diseases requires a multifaceted approach that considers demographic, environmental,
and social factors.
Community health nurses play a crucial role in educating diverse populations about mosquito-borne diseases, interpreting complex
scientific information into understandable language, and promoting preventative measures. They conduct surveillance, educate patients,
and collaborate with local authorities to implement control strategies. Healthcare provision includes diagnosis, treatment, and counseling
for mosquito-borne illnesses. Community engagement involves mobilizing community members through clean-up campaigns and outreach
programs. Government agencies and programs, such as the World Health Organization, Pan American Health Organization, Global Fund to
Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis, and Malaria, also play a role in addressing mosquito-borne diseases. These efforts aim to improve health and
well-being in the Caribbean, achieving the Sustainable Development Goals, and achieving the Sustainable Development Goals.

PRESENTATION TITLE 2/11/20XX 21

 REFERENCES
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6. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC - NIOSH - Mosquito-Borne Diseases [website]. Centers for Disease
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https://www.cdc.gov/ncezid/dvbd/about/prevent-mosquito-borne-diseases.html
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