LEARNING OBJECTIVES

• STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO UNDERSTAND THE

CHARACTERISTIC OF LIVING THINGS.
• STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY THE DIFFERENT
CHARACTERISTICS IN LIVING THINGS.
• STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO IDENTIFY SPECIALISED CELLS OF
ANIMAL AND PLANT.
• STUDENTS WILL BE ABLE TO DESCRIBE THE FUNCTION OF THE
SPECIALISED CELLS.
CELLS
Cells are the building blocks of living things.

A cell is the smallest independent unit of a living thing.

ROBERT HOOKE
Robert Hooke was the first scientist to
discover cells.

In 1665, he used a microscope and

observed cork.

In the cork, he noticed little rooms, or

“cells,” like monks lived in.

This is how cells were named.

QUICK CHECK
What are the smallest building blocks of living things called?

Who was the first scientist to discover cells?

CELL THEORY
As scientists continued to study cells, they realized that:

1 All living things are made of cells.

2 A cell is the smallest unit of life.

3 Cells make more cells.

CELL THEORY
There are even different types of cells.

For example, animal cells and plant cells are different from each other.

Found in both cells Found in plant cells only

permanent
cell membrane vacuole

cytoplasm chloroplast

nucleus cell wall

Animal Cell Plant Cell

CELL ANALOGY

Building blocks are to a structure, as cellsare to living things.

Click for
answer!
PLANT CELL
Cell wall Cell membrane
1- strong and quite 1-thin and flexible
stiff 2-it is present in both
2-only plants have plant and animal
cell wall 3- regulates what
3-it holds the plant enter and leave the
cell in shape cell
4-protects and 4-protects and
supports the cell supports the cell
SPECIALISED PLANT CELL

• ROOT HAIR
• PALISADE CELLS
SOME SPECIALIZED CELLS IN ANIMAL

•RED BLOOD CELL

•NERVE CELLS
•CILIATED CELL
RED BLOOD CELLS

• WHAT ARE RED BLOOD CELLS?

•
• WHAT ARE RED BLOOD CELLS?
• RED BLOOD CELLS CARRY FRESH OXYGEN THROUGHOUT THE
BODY. THIS IS IMPORTANT TO YOUR HEALTH.
• RED BLOOD CELLS ARE ROUND WITH A FLATTISH, INDENTED
CENTER, LIKE DOUGHNUTS WITHOUT A HOLE.
YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER CAN CHECK ON THE SIZE,
SHAPE, AND HEALTH OF YOUR RED BLOOD CELLS USING A
BLOOD TEST.
• RED BLOOD CELLS AT WORK
• HEMOGLOBIN IS THE PROTEIN INSIDE RED BLOOD CELLS. IT CARRIES
OXYGEN. RED BLOOD CELLS ALSO REMOVE CARBON DIOXIDE FROM
YOUR BODY, TRANSPORTING IT TO THE LUNGS FOR YOU TO EXHALE.
• RED BLOOD CELLS ARE MADE IN THE BONE MARROW. THEY
TYPICALLY LIVE FOR ABOUT 120 DAYS, AND THEN THEY DIE.
NERVE CELLS

• ANIMAL NERVE CELLS ARE SPECIALIZED CELLS CALLED

NEURONS. ... THESE THREE TYPES OF NERVE
CELLS COORDINATE WITH EACH OTHER TO RECEIVE
EXTERNAL STIMULI AND TO TRANSMIT THE IMPULSE TO
MUSCLES OR GLANDS OF THE BODY FOR AN APPROPRIATE
RESPONSE TO THE STIMULUS.