What is State?

 is an organized political community acting under a

government and united by common set of law.
 it uses absolute power in directing the path of a society.
 it is also uses complete political coerciveness, which may
come in the form of armed forces personnel, stricter laws,
and rigid government policies in order to attain its societal
goals and objectives.
 ◦ Population – it is the people
who make the state. Population is
essential for the state. Without
ELEMENTS
population there can be no state.
OF THE◦ Territory – there can be no
STATE state without a fixed territory.
People need territory to live and
◦ Sovereignty – It is the most
organize themselves socially and
politically. It may be
remembered that the territory of
the states includes land, water
and airspace.
◦ Government – It is the
organization or machinery or
agency of the state which makes,
implements, enforces and
adjudicates the law of the state.
exclusive elements of state.
Without this no state can exist.
Sovereignty is the basis which the
state regulates all aspects of the
life of the people living in its
territory.
The state intends to be a strong actor in the
performance of the three important political
functions. The state, in full form:
1.Maintains control over violence in its domain.
2.Allocates resources and rewards at its discretion.
3.Stands as the major focus of identity for the larger
majority of the people under its authority .
 The concept of the state is different form the concept
of government. A GOVERNMENT is the particular
group of people that control the state at a given time.
The concept of the state is different form the concept
of nation. Which NATION is refers to a large
geographical area and the people therein who
perceives themselves as having a common identity.
FORMS OF STATES
◦AUTHORITARIAN GOVERNMENT
 differ in who holds power and in how
control they assume over those who
govern.
 MONARCHY
◦ Is a form of government in which supreme power is
absolutely lodged with an individual, who is the head of
the state, often for life or until abdication.
◦ The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch.
Some monarchs hold unlimited political powers while
many constitutional monarchies, such as the United
kingdom and Thailand. Currently, 44 nations in the world
have monarchs as head of state.
 MONARCHY
◦ Is a form of government in which supreme power is
absolutely lodged with an individual, who is the head of
the state, often for life or until abdication.
◦ The person who heads a monarchy is called a monarch.
Some monarchs hold unlimited political powers while
many constitutional monarchies, such as the United
kingdom and Thailand. Currently, 44 nations in the world
have monarchs as head of state.
 Totalitarianism
◦ is a political system that strives to regulate nearly every
aspect of public and private life.
◦ it theoretically permits no individual freedom and that
seeks to subordinate all aspects of individual life to the
authority of the state. Modern example of totalitarian states
include the Soviet Union under Joseph Stalin, Nazi
German under Adolf Hitler the People’s Republic of China
under Mao Zedong, North Korea under the Kim Dynasty.
 FORMS OF STATES
◦ OLIGARCHIC GOVERNMENT
 Is a form of government in which power effectively
rests with a small –elite segment of society
distinguished by royalty, wealth family, military or
religious hegemony.
It does not have one clear rule, but several power
people who rule. One common example is theocracy.
 Theocracy
◦ is a government by divine guidance or by official who are
regarded as divinely guided. Leaders are members of the
clergy, and the state’s legal system is based on religious
law. Contemporary examples of this include Saudi Arabia,
Iran and the Vatican.
 FORMS OF STATES
◦ DEMOCRATIC GOVERNMENT
is a form of government in which the right to governs is held by
the majority of citizens within a country or a state.
The two principles of democracy are that all citizens have equal
access to power and that all citizens enjoy universally
recognized freedoms and liberties.
people can either become country leaders through electoral
process or elect leaders who represent the core values and beliefs.
There are 99 democratic nation globally. Example of this are our
country the Philippines, Norway, New Zealand, United State of
America, Canada, Columbia, Italy and South Africa.
 ROLES OF STATES
 State provides security against external aggressions and war. For this
purpose, the state maintains an army.
State ensure security against internal disturbance disorders and
crimes. For this purpose, the state maintain police.
State legally grants and guarantees the rights of the people.
The state issue and regulates currency and coinage.
State undertakes steps for the creation of necessary conditions for the
socio-economic-political-cultural development of the people.
State grants citizenship and protects their interests and rights
State conducts foreign relations, foreign trade and economic relations.
State secure the goals of national interest in international relations.
Thank you!!!