CEng4206-Design of Steel and Timber

Structures
Design of Compression
Members

Design Examples

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Example-1
The column B – E on the Figure shown below is under
the action of design axial load . Both ends are pinned.
Check the resistance (adequacy) of the column. Steel
grade is used.

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Non-sway frame
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Solution

Step 1: Determine the axial load, .

(given)
Step 2: Determine the buckling length, .
For pin support both ends,

Step 3: Select a trial section (take into consideration

economy, i.e. least weight per unit length).
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section (given)
Section properties

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Step 4: Determine the class of the cross-section and
check for a local buckling.
 The section is subjected to uniform compression.
 In order to avoid any modification to the full cross
sectional area due to local buckling, the limiting
width to thickness ratio for class 3 cross-section
should be satisfied.

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Outstand element of compression flange:
Limit for class 3 cross-section:

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Web subject to compression only:
Limit for class 3 cross-section:

Therefore, the section belongs to at least Class 3.

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Step 5: Determine the non-dimensional slenderness
ratio
for Class 1, 2 and 3 cross-sections
is the elastic critical force for the relevant buckling
mode based on the gross cross sectional properties

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For pin-ended support column:

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Hence, the non-dimensional slenderness ratio is
determined as:

It is slender column, so check the column for

buckling!

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Step 6: Determine the appropriate buckling curve
from Table 6.1 and Table 6.2 of ES EN 1993-1-1:2015
For rolled cross-section:

Use curve for buckling about axis and curve for

buckling about axis.

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Step 7: Determine the value of

Where

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Therefore, buckling about the axis becomes critical.

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Step 8: Check for uniform compression resistance

for class 1,2 or 3 cross-sections

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Step 9: Calculate the design buckling resistance of the
member (buckling about both principal axes must be
checked)

for Class 1, 2 and 3 cross-sections

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The column do not resist the action of design axial

load about the axis. Therefore, the axis a weak axis.
Solution 1: Add an additional hinged support at mid-
height to increase the resistance about the weak axis.

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𝟐 𝟐
𝝅 𝑬𝑰 𝝅 ∗𝟐𝟏𝟎 𝟎 𝑵/𝒎𝒎 ∗𝟒 𝟓𝟎∗𝟏𝟎 𝒎𝒎
𝒛
𝟐 𝟒 𝟒
𝑵= =
𝒄𝒓 ,𝒛 𝟐 𝟐
= 𝟐 𝟑 𝟎 𝟓 𝟕 𝟖 𝟔 𝟑 . 𝟐 𝟖 𝑵
𝑳 (𝟐𝟎 𝟎𝒎𝒎)
𝒆
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Non-dimensional slenderness ratio :

Non-dimensional slenderness ratio :

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Values of

Hence, buckling about the axis becomes critical.

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Solution 2: Add two plates to reinforce the weak axis.

2
𝐴=11000 + 4000=15000 𝑚𝑚

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New moment of inertia about axis:

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New non-dimensional slenderness ratio about axis :

For welded I-cross-section:

Use curve for buckling about axis and curve for

buckling about axis.

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 Design of Tension Members

E R
P T
H A
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T H
O F
N D
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