Literary History

Of Luzon
One of the largest and most populous island the
Philippines.
CONTENT
Geography of Luzon

Ilocos Literature

P o e m “ A P O O N T H E WA L L ”

BJ Patino brief history

Presentation of culture and

Clothing of Luzon
 Luzon
Luzon is the largest island in the
Philippines and is divided into several
regions, including the Ilocos region,
situated in the northwest part of the
island..
 Ilocos Region:
01 02 03
The Ilocos region is It comprises four The region has a distinct
known for its provinces: Ilocos Norte, cultural identity, and its
picturesque landscapes, Ilocos Sur, La Union, and literature reflects the
coastal areas, and Pangasinan. unique heritage and
historical sites. traditions of the Ilocano
people.
Ilocano Literature
Ilocano literature is rich and
diverse, encompassing both oral
and written traditions. It has
been shaped by the historical
and cultural experiences of the
Ilocano people. Folk tales,
proverbs, and epics have been
important components of their
literary heritage.
 "Apo on the Wall" by BJ Patino:
The poem "Apo on the Wall" by Bj Patino delves into the perspective of a child observing his strict father
and contemplating a photo on the wall referred to as "Apo." The narrative unfolds against the backdrop
of the Marcos era and Martial Law in the Philippines, offering a reflection of the harsh and traumatic
experiences endured by Filipinos during Ferdinand Marcos's dictatorship.

The child's curiosity centers on understanding the identity of the man depicted on the wall in his father's
office, prompting a desire to learn about the nature of his father's boss. The poem serves as a poignant
contrast between historical events and the contemporary reality, prompting a deeper understanding of
personal experiences and their impact on the present.

The essence of the poem lies in encouraging a thoughtful consideration of the past, a critical examination
of the present, and a commitment to shaping a successful future. It highlights the varying perspectives
between millennials and those who lived through Martial Law, urging readers to recognize the
importance of acknowledging and learning from historical events.
 MESSAGE OF THE STORY

The
The message
messageof ofthe
thepoem
poemrevolves
revolvesaround
aroundthethepoet's
poet'scall
call
for
for unity,
unity,patriotism,
patriotism,andandthethepreservation
preservationofofFilipino
Filipino
identity.
identity. ItIthighlights
highlightsthe
thestruggles
strugglesand
andchallenges
challengesfaced
facedbyby
the
the country
countryandandencourages
encouragesthe theyouth
youthtotocarry
carrythe
thetorch
torch
of
of responsibility
responsibilityforforthe
thenation's
nation'swelfare.
welfare.The
Thepoem
poem
underscores
underscoresthe theimportance
importanceofofcultural
culturalpride,
pride,resilience,
resilience,
and
andcollective
collectiveeffort
effortininovercoming
overcomingobstacles.
obstacles.
 Geographic Aspect of the poem

The poem is deeply rooted in the geographical context of

the Philippines. References to specific places, landscapes, or
natural elements may provide insights into the poet's
connection with the country. It could explore how the
geography of the Philippines shapes the identity and
experiences of its people, emphasizing a sense of place and
belonging.
 Linguistic Aspect:
Linguistically,
Linguistically,the
thepoem
poemisiswritten
writtenininFilipino,
Filipino,reflecting
reflectingthe
the
poet's
poet's choice
choicetotocommunicate
communicatehis hismessage
messageininthe thelanguage
language
of
of his
his people.
people.The
Theuse
useofofspecific
specificwords,
words,phrases,
phrases,oror
linguistic
linguisticdevices
devicesmay
maycarry
carrycultural
culturalnuances
nuancesororhistorical
historical
significance.
significance.Analyzing
Analyzingthe
thelanguage
languageemployed
employedininthe the
poem
poem cancanhelp
helpunravel
unravellayers
layersofofmeaning
meaningand andcultural
cultural
expressions
expressionsembedded
embeddedininthe theverses.
verses.
 Socio-Cultural Aspect:

The socio-cultural aspect is central to the poem's message.

It delves into the societal and cultural fabric of the
Philippines, addressing issues, values, and traditions. The
poet may touch upon the impact of historical events, social
struggles, or cultural influences on the Filipino identity.
Exploring socio-cultural aspects can provide a deeper
understanding of the challenges and aspirations expressed
in the poem.
BJ PATINO HISTORY
Bj Patino or Bernard Julian is a master’s degree in literature
graduate of the Ateneo de Manila University and also a
faculty member of the English department of the same
school. Some of his works include “Late Mourning” and
“Ninth Day.” He is also a photojournalist of Mindanao News
and Information Cooperative Center. He is currently
working towards a master’s degree in anthropology.

Apo on the Wall was written by Bj Patino and talks about a

child’s point of view about his strict father and a hanging
photo on the wall. This advocates reasonably close to the
realization of giving importance on looking back at our past,
moving forward through our present and ensuring the
success of our future.
 Kimona and Bahag
DIFFERENT
KIND OF
. Saya OUTFITS
EXAMPLES
The quick brown fox jumps over the
lazy dog. The quick brown fox

OF LUZON
jumps over the lazy dog.
 Kimona and Saya

Worn with pride during special occasions, cultural

events, and traditional celebrations, the Kimona takes
center stage as a short-sleeved, loose-fitting blouse.
Crafted from delicate, embroidered fabrics, this piece
stands as a testament to the remarkable weaving and
embroidery skills intrinsic to the region. The intricate
patterns and vibrant colors adorning the Kimona are not
merely aesthetic choices but rather a visual narrative of
the artistic prowess handed down through generations.

Paired harmoniously with the Kimona is the Saya, a

wrap-around skirt that weaves its way into the cultural
fabric of the Ilocano wardrobe. This skirt, fashioned from
handwoven fabric adorned with traditional designs and
bright colors, is more than just a garment; it's a symbol
of continuity, connecting the wearers to the age-old
practices of their ancestors. Secured at the waist with
varying lengths, the Saya adds a graceful and distinctive
touch to the ensemble.
 Bahag

Completing this symphony of tradition is

the Bahag, a shawl or wrap that
envelops the wearer in both
functionality and aesthetics. Whether
made from the same fabric as the
Kimona and Saya or infused with its own
unique design, the Bahag is a testament
to the meticulous attention to detail that
characterizes Ilocano craftsmanship.
Beyond its ornamental role, the Bahag
serves as an additional layer, embracing
wearers in a cocoon of cultural
significance.
 CONCLUSION
During momentous occasions, the Kimona,
Bahag, and Saya ensemble becomes a living
canvas on which the Ilocano people paint their
cultural identity. From weddings to festivals,
each thread and embroidery stitch tells a story,
weaving together the past and present. This
traditional attire is not merely a reflection of
fashion trends but a living testament to the
enduring spirit and heritage of the Ilocano
community. It's a celebration of craftsmanship,
an embodiment of cultural pride, and a bridge
between generations, ensuring that the vibrant
traditions of the Ilocano people continue to
flourish and inspire.
Thank you!