Thermosetting

Plastics!...
21M110
Gowthaman L
Plastics:
Plastic is a material consisting of any of a wide range of
synthetic or semi-synthetic organic compounds that are
malleable and can be moulded into solid objects by
applying heat and pressure.
𖤓 It is also defined as polymers of long carbon
chains.
.
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 Properties:
 Resistance to corrosion and chemicals,
 Low Electrical and thermal conductivity
 High strength-to-weight ratio,
 Colors available in a wide variety and transparent,
 Resistance to shock,
 Good durability,
 Easy to manufacture,
 Resistant to water,
 Low toxicity
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Architectural uses of Plastics:
𖤓 Pipes: Electrical Conduits, Rain Water & Sewage pipes, Plumbing, Gas
Distributions.
𖤓 Cables: PVC Insulation on cables, Insulation Tapes.
𖤓 Floorings: Flooring tiles & Rolls.
𖤓 Domes / sky lights: Opaque as well as transparent.
𖤓 Roofing: Colored or double skinned for insulation
𖤓 Windows & doors : Extruded sections for Door and windows and panels.
𖤓 Hardware accessories: Washers, Nut bolts, Sleeves, Anchoring wires.
𖤓 Temporary structures: Guard cabins, tents
𖤓 Insulation materials: PVC sheets, insulating membranes.

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Thermoplastics:
Substances that become plastic on heating
and harden on cooling and are able to
repeat these processes.

 Amorphous thermoplastics
 Crystalline thermoplastics

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 Amorphous thermoplastics:
𖤓 Mostly transparent or
translucent,
𖤓 Low tendency to creep,
𖤓 Good dimensional stability,
𖤓 Sensitive to stress cracking.
Crystalline
Thermoplastics:
𖤓 Translucent or Opaque,
𖤓 Good fatigue resistance,
𖤓 Tendency to toughness,
𖤓 Good sliding characteristics,
𖤓 Wear resistant.
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Properties:
𖤓 Thermoplastics are light weight, with densities of 0.9 to 2 gm/cc.
𖤓 Some high temperature thermoplastic materials can withstand temperature
extremes of up to 600 F.
𖤓 Most thermoplastic materials are excellent insulators both thermal and electrical.
𖤓 Multiple cycles of heating and cooling can be repeated without severe damage,
allowing reprocessing and recycling.
𖤓 They are soluble in certain solvents and swell in the presence of certain other
solvents.
𖤓 Depending upon their chemical properties they can be very much rubber or as
strong as aluminium.
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Processing of thermoplastics:

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Advantages:
𖤓 High strength,
𖤓 Lightweight,
𖤓 Relatively low processing costs,
𖤓 Energy efficient both in their manufacture and processing,
𖤓 Thermoplastics can replace metals with a considerable weight savings,
providing proper care is taken in design. Most thermoplastics have better
fatigue properties than metals and will tolerate larger deflections than metals
without deforming.

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Disadvantages:

𖤓 Thermoplastics melt. Some degrade in direct sunlight or under high U.V. light
levels,
𖤓 Many materials have poor resistance to hydrocarbons, organic solvents, and
highly polar solvents,
𖤓 Many thermoplastic materials, especially composites, tend to fracture rather
than deform under high stress levels.

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Uses:

𖤓 ACRYLIC
𖤓 NYLON
𖤓 POLYETHYLENE
𖤓 POLYPROPYLENE
𖤓 POLYSTYRENE
𖤓 POLYVINYL CHLORIDE
𖤓 TEFLON

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Thermosetting
plastics

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Thermosetting plastics:
Once heated and moulded, these plastics cannot
be reheated and remoulded. Cannot be reheated
and reformed consequently, they tend to be
difficut to recyle.
Properties:
• Epoxy – Water and heat resistant,
• Polyurethene – Tough and water resistant,
• Scratch resistant and a very good electrical insulator
• Lightness and Toughness.
Uses
𖤓 Rubbers,
𖤓 Adhesives – epoxy,
𖤓 Syntax gloves,
𖤓 Erasers,
𖤓 Baking moulds,
𖤓 Balloons,
𖤓 Insulation of electric cables.

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