THE BERLIN

CONFERENCE
A N D T R E AT Y

B Y J A I Y E S I M I O L U WAT O N I L O B A ,
O K U N A D E O L U WA S E M I L O R E D A N I E L A N D
A S I A FA D AV I D
 • The Berlin Conference which began
in November 1884 and ended in
February 1885 was a diplomatic
conference on the partition of Africa.

• The idea of calling the conference

was originated by Otto Von Bismarck
of Germany and Ferry of France, who
invited eleven other European powers
to the conference including the U.S.A.
to discuss, particularly the Congo, the
Niger and the Nile River areas
effectively occupied by powers so that
W H AT I S T H E no other power could claim it.

BERLIN
CONFERENCE?
M A J O R P E O P L E I N V O LV E D I N B E R L I N
CONFERENCE
• Otto von Bismarck (Germany) - Chancellor of Germany, hosted and chaired the conference.
Bismarck played a crucial role in European politics at the time and sought to preserve German
interests through the conference.
• Jules Ferry (France) - French statesman and Prime Minister at the time. France was already
heavily involved in African colonization, and Ferry sought to expand French influence on the
continent.
• Benjamin Disraeli (United Kingdom) - British Prime Minister. Britain, being one of the major
colonial powers, attended the conference to safeguard its interests and to establish guidelines for
future colonization.
M A J O R P E O P L E I N V O LV E D I N B E R L I N
CONFERENCE (CONTD.)
• Alfonso XII (Spain) - The Spanish monarchy was represented at the conference. Spain had
interests in North Africa and sought to secure its colonial possessions.
• King Leopold II (Belgium) - The Belgian King was a driving force behind the conference. He
was particularly interested in the Congo region and advocated for free trade in Africa.
• These are some of the notable figures involved in the Berlin Conference, each representing their
respective nations and interests in the partitioning and colonization of Africa.
 Colonising countries Colonised countries

Examples are: Nigeria

United Kingdom (colonised Egypt, Sudan, South South Africa
Africa, Nigeria, Kenya, Uganda etc)
Kenya
France (colonised Tunisia, Senegal, Ivory Coast,
Gabon, Madagascar etc) Uganda
Germany (colonised majorly Tanzania, Rwanda, Egypt
Burundi etc.)
Sudan
Belgium (controlled mainly DRC (Congo) during
Berlin Conference). Senegal
These are some of the major countries involved in Tunisia
colonisation of African countries during the Berlin Democratic Republic of Congo etc.
Conference.

CCOOUUNNTTRRIIEESS IINNVVOOLLVVEEDD IINN BBEERRLLIINN

CCOONNFFEERREENNCCEE
 • The Berlin Treaty, also
known as the Treaty of
Berlin, was a significant
diplomatic agreement signed
on June 13, 1878, following
the conclusion of the Russo-
Turkish War of 1877-1878.
The treaty aimed to address
the aftermath of the war and
reshape the political
landscape in Eastern Europe

THE BERLIN and the Balkans.

T R E AT Y
REASONS FOR
B E R L I N T R E AT Y
The Berlin Treaty was made for the following reasons:

1. To peacefully take over Africa

2. To address Diplomatic Issues.

3. To create Free-Trade region.

4. To establish rules to guide Europeans activities in Africa.

5. To formally recognize Occupants of Territories.

6. To control Slave Trade.

 • Slave trade and slavery
became illegal.
• Principle of Notification

• Creation of Free
International Waterways.
• Promotion of Christianity

• Creation of Occupation
principle.
F E AT U R E S O F T H E
B E R L I N T R E AT Y