PRACTICAL 3

CADAVER PRESERVATION
[MRUT SHARIRA SAMSHODHAN]
[

Guided by: Dr.ATUL BIRLA SIR

Presented by:VIRANI ANAM (58)

UMRA BAGWAN(01)

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 PRESERVATION METHOD OF THE
CADAVER (MRUT SHARIR SAMSHODHAN)
1) Different methods of preservation techniques
2) Brief Introduction of chemical compositor of preservative fluid

A. Different methods of preservation of cadaver/ Mrut sharir samshodhan

 Ayurvedic method of preservation of cadaver ie mrut sharir samshodhan-

 Aacharya Sushruta was the first to invent and introduce dead body
preservation (for anatomical study) & dissection methodology. 2

 In Sushrut Samhita Sharirsthan 5th chapter he explained Sharir sankhya

SUSHRUT METHODOLOGY OF MRUT SHARIR
SAMSHODHAN HAS FOLLOWING MAIN STEPS.
1) Selection of cadaver (dead body) /
Rules / Criteria for selection of
cadaver.

2) Prepration and preservation of

cadaver (Sushruta's way of
Sanrakshan vidhi).

3) Dissection and observation

(Sushruta's shav-vichhedan vidhi)
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Selection of cadaver (dead body) / Rules / criteria for
selection of cadaver.

तस्मात समस्तगात्रम अविषोहतम

अदीर्घव्याधिपीडितम अवर्ष शतिकं निः सृष्टांत्र पुरीषं
पुरुषं ।
 सु. शा 5/61

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1: A dead body of man having all its parts Cangapratyanga) intact
2: Not died due to poison.
3. : Not died due to any chronic disease (jirna vyadhi)
4: Not of more than hundred years of age should be obtained
(very young age or very old age of body is avoided).
5: Faecal matter from the intestine. should be removed.
 But according to some aacharya it means removal of intestine & faecal matter 5
 METHOD OF PREPRATION AND PRESERVATION OF
CADAVER (SUSHRUTA'S WAY OF SAMRAKSHAN VIDHI)

अवहन्त्यामापगाया निबध्द पञ्जरस्थं मुञ्जवल्कल

कु शशणादिनाम अन्यतमेनावेष्टिताअंगप्रत्यगम अप्रकाश देशे
कोथमैत सम्यकप्रकु थितं चोद्‌धृत्ये ततो देह सप्तरात्रा.... || सु.
शा 5/61

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1. Wrapping and keeping in river:--
The dead body is wrapped with munja, kusha
(type of grass), valkala (inner bark of tree),
shan (hemp) or any such type of material, tied
well and placed inside a cage
This cage is kept in a slow running water
steam of river at hidden place where there is
no bright light le अप्रकाश देशे 7
8
2. Putrefaction /
Decomposition for 7
nights:-

 Allowed to undergo putrefaction

for 7 nights.
 After proper putrefaction it
should be taken out of river and
its bindings and wrappings
should be removed. 9
DISSECTION AND OBSERVATIONS (SUSHRUTA'S
SHAV – VICHHEDANA)

उशीर बालवेणुवल्कल कु र्चानामन्यतमेन

Vidhi )शनैः शनैखधर्णयस्त्वगादिन सर्वानव
बाहयाभ्यन्तरानडु ⋅ प्रत्यंगविशेणान यथोभ्तान
लक्ष्येच्चक्षुणा ||
सु.शा 5/61
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After proper putrefaction is attained, dead body is dissected and
investigated.
In those days instruments were made by hard as well as soft
parts of plants like kurcha (brushes) made from ushir grass, bala
(hair of animals), venu (bamboo), valkal or any other similar
material.
With the help of above instruments gradually scrapping and
removing of the skin, tissue were done.
After scrapping the skin, tissue observation of all the internal
and external organs, major and minor parts of body with the
help of special sense of knowledge was done. 11
EXPLANATION (LOGICAL REASONING) BY DR. B. G
GHANCKAR ON SUSHRUTA'S SHAV-VICHHEDAN
VIDHI

I] To prevent damage of the body by aquatic animals, insects, etc.

To prevent cadaver moving away in the running water and to prevent it from
II]
damage through animals, birds, crocodiles, etc
III] To avoid the unwanted persons who may interfere in the work of dissection.
IV] Sunlight may prevent faster decay of the body.
V] Tomake the body soft and easy for dissection, though putrefaction may lead to bad
(obnoxious) smell, it will be minimized in case of running water.
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SIGNIFICANCE/IMPORTANCE / PURPOSE OF SHAV-
VICCHEDAN VIDHI-

1) तस्मात निःसंशयं ज्ञानं हर्त्रा शल्यस्य वांछता ।

शोधयित्वा मृतं सम्यक द्रष्टत्योंड गाविनिश्चयः ।
सु शा 5/59
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The one (physician) who
desires of removing foreing
body should obtain
undoubtful knowledge of
examining, dissecting and
observing a dead body.
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2) शरीरे चैव शास्त्रे च दृष्टार्थ: स्याद्विशारदः ।
दृष्टश्रृताभ्या संदेहगवापोहयायरेत क्रियाः ।
सु शा 5/63

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The physician will become greatly learned
only after observing the body carefully (with
his own eyes), Study of science, getting rid of
doubts by personal observation and study of
texts, then only he should carry on his surgical
activities.
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3) The practical knowledge gained while dissection
helps to understand various structures, organs, anga
pratyanga in the body. It is also helpful for knowing
their normal position, structure and their correlation.
Such knowledge,can be used at the time of surgery,
also for understanding Vikruti (abnormalities) in
various angapratyanga.
MODERN PRESERVATION METHODS OF
CADAVER

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AEmbalming is a temporary method of preservation of cadaver
by preventing decomposition and restore a natural appearance.
1] Definition : The treatment of a dead body with special
1] DEFINITION
chemicals to protect it from decomposition / decay.
2] 𝑨𝒊𝒎𝒔 / 𝑷𝒖𝒓𝒑𝒐𝒔𝒆 𝒐𝒇 𝒂𝒏𝒂𝒕𝒐𝒎𝒊𝒄𝒂𝒍 𝒆𝒎𝒃𝒂𝒍𝒎𝒊𝒏𝒈:
a) Complete preservation of cadaver.
b) Inhibition of growth of bacteria, fungi, maggots, etc.
c)The securing softness of the tissue, muscles and organs.
d) Distension and colouring of the arteries 19
3]
Different type of chemicals are the components of embalming fluid these are;

aFor inactive bacteria These are a mixture of formaldehyde,

glutaraldehycle and phenol (Formalin - 37% aqueous formaldehyde.
Anatomically embalmed cadavers have a typically uniform grey
colouration due to high formaldehyde concentration mixed with the blood
known as formaldehyde grey.

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 To kill micro-organisms
Quaternary ammonium compounds & glutaraldehyde.

c.-Buffer To maintain acid base balance

Borax, EDTA
 To determine osmotic qualities of embalming solution
 To hydrate the tissue
Glycerine

d
 Anticoagulants.
 Dyes (colouring agent).
 Perfuming agents / deodorants / masking agents
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 Composition and quality of embalming fluid used for embalming varies
from region to region. Depending upon the climatic condition of that region
& type of dead body (thin or fat). The effective embalming fluid
composition is given as:

1) Water 4 Litres
2) Formalin 4 Litres
3) Glycerine 500 ml
4) Eosin25 ml
5) Methyl alcohol/spirit1 litre
6) Cetrimide 500 ml
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7) Eucalyptus oil25 ml
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🄴🄼🄱🄰🄻🄼🄸🄽🄶 🄿🅁🄾🄲🄴🄳🅄🅁🄴.

Arterial embalming by gravitation method is simplest, safest

method. It involves the injection of embalming chemicals in
the blood vessels usually via the right carotid artery. In this
method gravity bottle is placed at 3 to 4 feet above the height
of embalming table which provides a pressure of 0.6 kg/sq. m 23
It is the suction of the internal fluids of the cadaver and injecting
embalming chemicals into the body cavities by using an aspirator
and trocar.

It involves injecting embalming chemicals under the skin as needed.

Suppliments the other methods especially for visible, injured body

parts.
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Embalming can be done by using embalming machine.
For embalming the embalming fluid can be injected through
femoral artery.
 After 10 litres of embalming is put in the embalming machine
connected to the cannula.
 A vertical incision of about 6 cm long is taken on the upper and
medial part of thigh.

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 • Procedure of embalming
The femoral artery is Visualized after reflecting various
structures in the vicinity.
Then a small cut is given in the artery and cannula is inserted
through it in such a way that its tip points towards the head end
and 8.5 litres of the embalming fluid is pumped under 20 Ib
pressure.
Then the direction of the cannula is changed in opposite
direction and rest of the fluid is pumped in, Lastly skin is 26

sutured.
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

 It is method of preservation of dead body where

the water and fat are replaced by certain plastic
yeilding Specimens that can be touched and
devoid of smell or decay.
 Plastination retains most of the properties of
original sample

 Cryopreservation is a process where cell or

whole tissue are preserved by cooling to low
sub-zero temperature. 31
Plastination
 33

𝐶𝑟𝑦𝑜𝑛𝑖𝑐𝑠
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