Multiplying

Integers
 Introduction
Eva is going camping and is thinking ºC
about what clothes to take. It is in the 7
mountains and the temperature 6
drops 6ºc for every kilometer you 5
ascend. Your house is at sea level and
4
the temperature is 14ºC. The camp is 3
3
kilometers high and you need to know
2
how many degrees the temperature
1
will drop to choose clothes
1 2 3 km
 Activity 1
What operation do you have to perform to know how much the temperature
will drop?

(-6) x (-3) (-6) x 3

6x3 6 x (-3)
 Activity 1
Exactly! If the temperature drops 6ºc (-6) every kilometer and there are
3 kilometers, we will have to multiply 3 by -6

(-6) x (-3) (-6) x 3

6x3 6 x (-3)
 Explanation
We still don't know how to
multiply a positive number by a (-6) x 3
negative number. But we can
see multiplication as repeated
addition 6x3=6+6+6
 Activity 2
How can you write the above multiplication as a repeated addition?

6+6+6 (-3) + (-3) + (-3)

3+3+3 (-6) + (-6) + (-6)

 Activity 2
Indeed!

6+6+6 (-3) + (-3) + (-3)

3+3+3 (-6) + (-6) + (-6)

 Activity 2
And since we already know how to add negative numbers, we can perform this
operation. What is the result of this sum?

(-6) x 3 = (-6) + (-6) + (-6) =

1 2 3 4 5 -

6 7 8 9 0 +
 Activity 2
And since we already know how to add negative numbers, we can perform this
operation. What is the result of this sum?

(-6) x 3 = (-6) + (-6) + (-6) = -

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 0 +
 Activity 2
And since we already know how to add negative numbers, we can perform this
operation. What is the result of this sum?

(-6) x 3 = (-6) + (-6) + (-6) = - 1

1 2 3 4 5

6 7 8 9 0 +
 Activity 2
And since we already know how to add negative numbers, we can perform this
operation. What is the result of this sum?

(-6) x 3 = (-6) + (-6) + (-6) = - 1 8 Very good!

2 3 4 5

6 7 9 0 +
 Activity 2
By multiplying a negative number by a positive number, what type of
number have we obtained?

Positive Negative
 Activity 2
Exactly!

Positive Negative
 Explanation
When multiplying a negative
number by a positive number
we always obtain a negative
Distributive
number. What result will we
obtain when multiplying a
property
positive number by a negative
number?
 Activity 3
Use the distributive property to rewrite this operation:

a x (b - c) =

axb-c axb-axc

axb+axc (a x b) - c
 Activity 3
Correct!

a x (b - c) =

axb-c axb-axc

axb+axc (a x b) - c
 Explanation
The first thing we have to do is
write the integer as the 6 x (-3) = ?
difference of two positive
numbers. Write any pair of
positive numbers whose
difference is equal to -3
6x ( - )=?
 Explanation
Very good! 1 and 4, since 1
minus 4 equals -3 6 x (-3) = ?

6x ( 1 - 4 )=?
 Activity 3
Use the distributive property to rewrite this product:

6 x (1 - 4) =

6x1-6x4= 6x1-4=

6x1+6x4= 6 x (-4 + 1) =
 Activity 3
Correct!

6 x (1 - 4) =

6x1-6x4= 6x1-4=

6x1+6x4= 6 x (-4 + 1) =
 Activity 3
What is the result of the first multiplication?

6 x (-3) = 6x1-6x4=

6 x (1 - 4) = ?
 Activity 3
Very good! And the result of the second multiplication?

6 x (-3) = 6x1-6x4=

6 x (1 - 4) = 6 - ?
 Activity 3
Indeed!

6 x (-3) = 6x1-6x4=

6 x (1 - 4) = 6 - 24
 Activity 3
Now do the subtraction

6 x (-3) = 6x1-6x4=

6 x (1 - 4) = 6 - 24 = ?
 Activity 3
Very good!

6 x (-3) = 6x1-6x4=

6 x (1 - 4) = 6 - 24 = -18
 Explanation
If we multiply a positive number by a negative number, we always get a
negative number

(+6) x (-3) = (+6) x (1 - 4) = (+6) x 1 - (+6) x 4 = 6 - 24 = -18

 Explanation
What result will we have then
when multiplying a negative (-6) x (-3) = ?
number by another negative
number? What we have to do is
write the second multiplicand
as the difference of two
(-6) x ( - )=?
positive numbers. Write any
pair of positive numbers whose
difference is equal to -3
 Explanation
Very good! 2 and 5
(-6) x (-3) = ?

(-6) x ( 2 - 5 )=?
 Activity 4
Use the distributive property to rewrite this product:

(-6) x (2 - 5) =

(-6) x 2 + (-6) x 5 = (-6) x 2 - 5 =

(-6) x 2 - (-6) x 5 = (-6) x (-5 + 2) =

 Activity 4
Correct!

(-6) x (2 - 5) =

(-6) x 2 + (-6) x 5 = (-6) x 2 - 5 =

(-6) x 2 - (-6) x 5 = (-6) x (-5 + 2) =

 Activity 4
What is the result of the first multiplication?

(-6) x (-3) = (-6) x 2 - (-6) x 5 =

(-6) x (2 - 5) = ?
 Activity 4
Very good! And the result of the second multiplication?

(-6) x (-3) = (-6) x 2 - (-6) x 5 =

(-6) x (2 - 5) = (-12) - ?
 Activity 4
Indeed! Now do the subtraction

(-6) x (-3) = (-6) x 2 - (-6) x 5 =

(-6) x (2 - 5) = (-12) - (-30) = ?

 Activity 4
Indeed! Now do the subtraction

(-6) x (-3) = (-6) x 2 - (-6) x 5 =

(-6) x (2 - 5) = (-12) - (-30) = 18

 Explanation
If we multiply a negative number by a negative number, we always get a
positive number

(+6) x (-3) = (+6) x (1 - 4) = (+6) x 1 - (+6) x 4 = 6 - 24 = -18

 Summary
To multiply two integers, we multiply
the two numbers ignoring their sign
+x+=+ 6 x 3 = 18
and then we add it. If the two factors
have the same sign, we add a positive
-x-=+ (-6) x (-3) = 18
sign, otherwise we add a negative
sign
+x-=- 6 x (-3) = 18

-x+=- (-6) x 3 = -18

 Activity 5
What is the result of multiplying -7 by -5?

(-7) x (-5) =

1 2 3 4 5 -

6 7 8 9 0 +
 Activity 5
What is the result of multiplying -7 by -5?

(-7) x (-5) = +

1 2 3 4 5 -

6 7 8 9 0
 Activity 5
What is the result of multiplying -7 by -5?

(-7) x (-5) = + 3

1 2 4 5 -

6 7 8 9 0
 Activity 5
What is the result of multiplying -7 by -5?

(-7) x (-5) = + 3 5 Very good!

1 2 4 -

6 7 8 9 0
 Thanks!Do you have any questions?
youremail@freepik.com
+91 620 421 838
yourwebsite.com

CREDITS: Content Developed in Collaboration with Smartick. For more math exercises please visit Smartick.com
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