1

 SUBJECT : CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

Guided by:-
Mr.A.P.Patil
 2

PRESENTED BY -

(23) SAHAS JADHAV

loudspeakers (28) KAUSTUBH RELEKAR

(53) SUMIT DHANAWADE

(68) AADITYA JANGALE

Sample Footer Text

 3
What are Loudspeakers?

 Loudspeaker is an electroacoustic transducer which converts the

electrical at audio frequencies into sound waves.

 The frequency of sound wave will be same as that of the electrical

signal and the intensity of sound will be proportional to the
magnitude of the electrical signal.
 4
Types of loudspeakers

 The loudspeakers can be classified into 3 types according to their construction. They are:

1. Moving coil or cone type loudspeaker.

2. Electrodynamic type loudspeaker.

3. Horn type speakers.

 5
Moving coil or cone type speaker

 Principle of operation :

 The principle of operation of this speaker is same as that of an electric motor. A

voice coil is placed in a uniform magnetic field produced by a permanent magnet.

 When audio current passes through the voice coil, an interaction takes place
between the magnetic field and the voice coil. This interaction produces a force
that works on the voice coil.

 Due to this force the voice coil vibrates which makes the conical paper
diaphragm to vibrate. This produces the sound waves in the surrounding air.
 6
CHARECTERISTICS OF CONE TYPE LOUDSPEAKERS

 Directivity: Basically this is an omnidirectional loudspeaker. But baffles and enclosures

can modify the directivity pattern to a unidirectional one.

 Signal to noise ratio: It is high normally greater than 30 dB.

 Efficiency: The efficiency of cone type speaker is very low typically between 5 to 10%.

 Power handling capacity: Ranges between a few milliwatts to a few watts depending
on the size of the speaker.
 7
APPLICATION OF CONE TYPE

 Bookshelf speakers
 Portable Bluetooth speakers

Sample Footer Text

 8
Electrodynamic loudspeaker

 Construction:

 The construction is very much similar to that of the cone type loudspeaker
except for one difference. The permanent magnet has been replaced by an
electromagnet.

 This is done in order to increase the strength of the magnetic field for high
wattage speakers. (above 25W). The working principle of this speaker is same
as that of the permanent magnet type.
CHARECTERISTICS of 9
electrodynamic LOUDSPEAKERS

 Directivity: This is an omnidirectional loudspeaker. But baffles and enclosures can

modify the directivity pattern to a unidirectional one.

 Signal to noise ratio: It is high normally greater than 30 dB.

 Efficiency: The efficiency of electrodynamic loudspeaker is improved upto 25% due to

strong magnetic field

 Power handling capacity: Ranges upto 100 W

 10
APPLICATIONS ELECTRODYNAMIC

 Audio video systems

 Including home stereo systems
 Portable speakers
 Professional sound reinforcement systems

Sample Footer Text

 11
Horn type loudspeaker

 Principle of operation :

 the horn is a tapered enclosure. It has two ends called "throat" and "mouth"
The diameter of the horn increases from the throat to the mouth. The horn thus
forms an air chamber between its two ends. Horn is lined up with a sound
absorbing material.

 The operation of the drive unit is identical to that of the cone type speaker.
However here instead of radiating the acoustic power directly into the open
space, it is first delivered to the air chamber of the horn.

 In this way the horn type speakers are Indirect Radiating Loudspeakers.
 12
Charecteristics of horn type loudspeakers

 Directivity: This is an omnidirectional loudspeaker. But baffles and enclosures can

modify the directivity pattern to a unidirectional one.

 Signal to noise ratio: It is high normally greater than 40 dB.

 Efficiency: The efficiency of horn type loudspeaker is high between 30% to 50% .

 Power handling capacity : 25 W and upto a few hundred watts.

 13
APPLICATIONS OF HORN TYPE

 Public address systems

 Consumer audio
 Movie theaters
 Outdoor sports events

Sample Footer Text

 14
Comparison of loudspeaker

Sr. No. Parameter Cone Type Electrodynamic Horn type

1 S/N ratio 30 dB 30 dB 40 dB
2 Frequency response Poor,200Hz to 5kHz Poor,200Hz to 5kHz Good,30Hz to 10kHz

3 Distortion About 10% About 10% Less than 5%

4 Speaker impedance 2 to 3 Ω Upto 200 Ω 16 Ω

5 Radiation of sound Direct radiation Direct radiation Direct radiation

6 Impedance matching No impedance matching No impedance matching Matching is archive due to

the presence of horn

7 Size Small Medium Large

8 Cost Low Medium high