UTILITIES SYSTEMS

Leave the first rating

Terms in this set (579)

When a sound wave strikes an acoustical material,

it causes the particles of the material to vibrate.
This vibration will produce heat due to the friction
Absorption
created by the vibrating particles. Hence, energy
from sound is converted to heat. A desirable
property of an acoustic material is sound

A buzzing/clicking sound comprised of repeated

Flutter echoes traversing back and forth between two
reflective surfaces

30db Transmission Coefficient is 0.001, what is the TL?

UTILITIES SYSTEMS
20-20,000 Hertz (Hz) The range of sound that the human ear can detect

Ultrasonic More than 20,000 hertz is called

For a conference room, which will you apply for

Convex
the best sound diffusion?
 Shape of a room where there are two focus
points. The sound projected from one focus point,
Ellipse
in any direction, will travel to the other focus
point.

Parabola Shape of a room with one focus point

Which among the choices given is the best way to

Drywall with Insulation
prevent sound transition?
Print
Combine Considering acoustics, what type of partition will
Embed you use between an Office and a Music Room if
Gypsum Board w/ Fixed Glass
Report the office manager wants to see what's happening
inside the Music Room?

Which does NOT affect the Transmission of Sound

Size of Room
from one room to another?

Investigation Room Which offers Confidential Privacy?

Office Cubicles Which offers Normal Privacy?

Row Houses Which offers Transitional/ Transmittal Privacy?

You were commissioned to design a Music Room.

Wood
What will you use for the flooring?

Which of the following flooring material would

Carpet
you recommend for a Music Room?
 Which is NOT a good Partition for a Noisy and
Smooth Glass
Crowded Space?

A type of lighting that provides illumination to

Accent Lighting special objects like sculptures, flower
arrangements, etc.

Lighting provided by adjustable spotlights

Track Lighting mounted along a narrow, ceiling or wall mounted
metal track through which current is conducted.

When a CFL fits into a light fixture designed for an

Integrated CFL
incandescent bulb, it is

CFL Average life span of 8000 hours

LED Average life span of 50,000 hours

Which would you recommend as a secondary

LED
source of light if you want to conserve energy?

Metal Halide Type of lighting used for Billboards

What type of light is used for an Oval Track and

Metal Halide
Stadium?

A rectangular light fixture that fits into a dropped

T12
ceiling is usually designed to accommodate
 A light used to illuminate the subject or an object
Projection Light
from the back.

Type of lighting that contains mercury. It is

actually a gas-discharge lamp that uses electricity
to excite mercury vapor inside a tube. The
Fluorescent Lamp
mercury atoms produce short-wave ultraviolet
light that in turn causes the phosphor coating in
the tube to produce visible light.

Using Pin Light to illuminate a Toilet, which is the

11W CFL
most applicable from the given choices?

Which is NOT a commercial wattage for

100W
fluorescent light?

Flood light Provides uniform light on a wide area

Fluorescent Light What type of light is used for Cove Lighting?

What do you call a Fluorescent tube that is 5/8" in

T5
diameter?

A lighting element usually installed at the lavatory

Alcove area which is also considered a wall-mounted
decoration.

Cove Lighting Where do you usually use a T5 Fluorescent?

LED Which light is used for reading?

 A type of light fixture wherein the protective
Recessed Light housing is concealed behind a ceiling or wall,
leaving only the fixture itself exposed.

A type of light fixture suspended from the ceiling

Pendant Light
with a chain or pipe.

Cool Light What lighting should you use for a Task Area?

The standard power VOLTAGE does MERALCO

230 V
provide?

As mandated by the Energy Regulatory Board,

60 Hertz what is the Standard FREQUENCY provided by
MERALCO to consumers?

What is the Minimum Size of Wire to be used for

14 mm2
Service Drop?

15mm dia What is the minimum size of a Service Drop wire?

How many wires comes out from the transformer

3
(electric company)?

Only the Electrical Utility Company is allowed to

Service Drop
disable this.

Green What is the standard color of a ground wire?

Red What is the code for a live wire?

 Transmitter What is not part of a Lightning Arrester?

Fire Alarm Control Panel What is FACP?

A source of electricity, it is also the longest

Cagayan River (350km) and largest river (by discharge) in the
Philippines.

In Plumbing, a valve is used to regulate the flow

Switch
of water. What is its counterpart in Electrical?

A box used to contain splicing of electrical wires

Junction Box usually intended to conceal them from sight and
deter tampering.

This is used and located at the back of a

Utility Box
Convenience Outlet.

A metal box with a blank cover that is installed in

Pull Box an accessible place in a run of conduit to facilitate
the pulling of wires or cables

5.5 mm2 Minimum Size of Wire for a 60amp Circuit Breaker

The circuit breaker worked as When a circuit breaker switches off, what does it
expected tell you?

Where should you install a tankless point of use

Top Part of the Wall
Water Heater?
 It is a conductor used to bypass part of an
Jumper
electrical circuit

The electrical device is used to regulate the

LED Driver power supply in order to control certain lighting
fixtures,e.g.,on,off,dimming,etc.. What is it?

It is placed in line with the load to limit the amount

Ballast
of current in an electrical circuit.

It automatically transfers electrical load between

two sources, usually between backup generator
and the electrical power utility source. It
commands the backup generator to start, based
Automatic Transfer Switch
on the voltage monitored on the primary supply.
When power returns, it will also revert the system
back to the power utility and turn off the
generator.

An electromechanical device that protects motors

from overheating. It helps to control the electrical
current that goes to the motor to prevent it from
Thermal Overload Relay
overheating. If the motor pulls too much
electricity for an extended period of time, it will
flip and cut the power.

Ground Floor Best Location for a Generator

 An enclosure that is rated to provide protection
against environmental hazards such as water, dust,
NEMA box oil, coolant or atmospheres containing corrosive
agents by the association of electrical equipment
manufacturers in the United States. What is it?

The distribution of the current supplied into

smaller currents for further distribution to
Switchboard
transformers, control equipment and individual
system loads.

Main Distribution Panel What is an MDP?

A component of an electricity supply system

which divides an electrical power feed into
Panel Board subsidiary circuits, while providing protection for
each circuit in a common enclosure. It has a main
switch which will cut supply to all circuits.

A special conduit for electrical wiring of a building

arranged in an orderly, organized and safe way
Electrical Riser
mostly in a vertical fashion. It runs from one floor
to another.

Which will you recommend for a high-rise building

IMC
riser?
 Also called thin-wall, it is a steel raceway of
circular cross section which is unthreaded and
normally 10 feet long. It is installed by the use of
EMT
setscrew, indentation or compression-type
couplings and connectors. It can also have an
integral coupling by having a bell at one end.

What is the science of lowering the temperature

Air Condition
of the immediate surrounding?

It draws moist air from a room over a refrigerated

coil with a fan. The cold evaporator coil
condenses the water, which is removed, and then
Air Conditioner
the air is reheated by the condenser coil. The now
re-warmed air is released back into the room.
What equipment is this?

It alters the property of air by letting it pass over

cold evaporator coils and then directly into the
room. Air is not re-heated by passing over the
Air Conditioner condenser. Instead, the refrigerant is pumped by
the compressor to a condenser which is located
outside the room and heat is released outside.
What equipment is this?

Which among the considerations will best

Decrease Ceiling Height
increase the efficiency in air conditioning?

Which will best increase efficiency in passive

Increase Ceiling Height
cooling?
 Where is the best location for a Window-Type Air
Upper part of a wall
con?

Top of the Wall Where would you locate a Window Type Air Con?

For a 20sqm Manager's Office located in a central

Cassette Type core activity (at the center of the floor), which air
conditioning system is most appropriate?

At a Manufacturing Plant, the office is at the 2nd

Floor. The office is being cooled by a 2HP
At the ledge Window Type Air conditioner located beside a
glass window. There is a ledge outside. Where is
the best location for the ACCU?

A split-type air conditioner has both an outdoor

Evaporator Coil and an indoor unit. Which of the following is not
found in the outdoor unit?

This equipment uses a stream of compressed air

directed downwards to form a shield to exclude
Air Curtain
drafts. Prevents hot air as well as dust from going
inside the building.

For a Sprawling Factory, which of the following is

Chiller-type Air Con
an appropriate air conditioning system?

If you are to install a Centralized Air condition

Cooling Tower System for you building, what additional utility will
you provide?
 What will be used to distribute the air from the Air
Ducts
Handling Unit?

You will be shown a Plan and asked to locate the

Ground Floor
Chiller

For a high rise building, where is the best location

At the Basement
for a Chiller?

If the room is humid and has low natural

Exhaust Fan
ventilation, what is the most economical solution?

Usually installed in kitchen and toilets to expel

Exhaust Fan
odors

For a 1-hp ACU, what should be the size of the

5.0 sq mm - 30Amp
wire/cable?

It is a valve or plate that stops or regulates the

Damper
flow of air inside a duct or air handling equipment

Under a Concession Agreement that granted the

company exclusive rights to the use of land and
facilities for the production, treatment and
Manila Water
distribution of water, as well as the rights to
operate the sewerage system, which is now in-
charge over the East Zone of Metro Manila?
 In 1997, this company was granted a 25-year
exclusive concession to operate, maintain and
invest in the water and sewerage system of the
Maynilad
West Zone of Metro Manila. In 2010, the
concession term was later extended by 15 years as
approved by the Department of Finance.

You were hired to do some renovation works for a

6-storey apartment and you noticed that there is
It utilizes an Upfeed System
no Overhead Water Tank. What can you deduce
about the structure?

What will be the recommended size in terms of

450 gallons for a Water Tank that will serve the needs
for a 2-Storey Residence with 7 occupants?

You were tasked by a client to determine a

suitable location for a subdivision project. Which
Availability of Public Water
would be your main consideration in determining
the water source for the proposed community?

Of the following fixtures inside a T&B, which has

Water Closet
the greatest water pressure?

Rigid Copper pipes are classified as what?

PB Kind of pipe not suited for ultraviolet rays

BI Pipe What pipe should not be buried underground?

 Which type of piping material is NOT suitable for
Wrought Iron
underground installation?

As per Sanitary Engineering Code, what is the

Orange
color code for Drainage and Sewage Pipe?

As per Building Code, what is the color code of

Green
pipes carrying saltwater

Which is the most commonly used material for

PVC
cold water line?

What is the commercial length of a GI Pipe in the

6m
Philippines?

What is the commercial length of a PPR Pipe in the

4m
Philippines?

An underground pit used for the temporary

collection and storage of feces, excreta or fecal
Cesspool sludge as part of an on-site sanitation system. It is
usually lined by bricks or concrete, covered with a
slab and needs to be emptied frequently.

What is the Minimum Water Level of a Septic

4'
Tank?

If the site has no existing sewer system, what is

Provide Septic Tank
your solution as per National Plumbing Code?
 Acoustics Branch of Physics concerned with sound

Effect of building design on sound control in

Architectural Acoustics
buildings

Longitudinal pressure wave in air or an elastic

Sound Wave
medium esp. one producing an audible sensation

Compacted High frequency results in ________ sound wave

Amplitude Sound wave height is called _________

Higher amplitude results to increased _____ of

Volume
sound

The number of times per second that a vibrating

Frequency
body completes one cycle of motion

Hertz Unit for frequency is ________

Low Low pitched or bass sounds have _____ frequencies

High pitched or treble sounds have ____

High
frequencies

Normal person can hear frequencies from roughly

20 to 20,000 Hz
________ to _______ Hz

Human speech is mainly in the range of _____ to

300 to 3,000 Hz
_______ Hz
 Doubles One octave increase ______ the frequency

Decibel A logarithmic scale applicable to any parameter

85 dB Safe exposure limit is ____ for 8 hours a day

40 dB Raindrops decibel

60 dB Normal conversation decibel

85 dB Busy city traffic decibel

90 dB Hair dryers decibel

105 dB Rock concerts decibel

110 dB Chainsaws decibel

115 dB An ipod at peak volumes decibel

120 dB Jackhammers decibel

140 dB Gunshot, fireworks decibel

Sound intensity level of 0 dB to 50 dB (Very Quiet

Threshold of hearing
to Quiet) are within the ________

Sound intensity level of 50 dB to 90 dB

Threshold of feeling
(Moderately Loud to Loud) are within the ________
 Sound intensity level of more than 90 dB (Very
Threshold of pain
Loud to Painful) are within the ________

The amount of air pressure fluctuation a noise

source creates. We hear or perceive _______ as
Sound Pressure
loudness. It is usually expressed in units called
Pascals (Pa).

The sound energy transferred per second from

the noise source to the air. Expressed in units
Sound Power
called watts (W). Like sound pressure, ________ (in W)
is usually expressed as _____ levels in dB

_________, Lw, the total sound energy radiated per

Sound Power Level
second

The time it takes for the reflected sound to die

Reverberation down by 60 dB from the cessation of the original
sound signal (measured in seconds)

Reflected sound tends to "build-up" to a level

Mask louder than direct sound. Reflected sounds ______
direct sound

Late arriving reflections tend to _______ the direct

Smear
sound signal

Atoms Electrcity is principally made up of ______

Alternating Current Electrodynamic electricty has _______

 Direct Current Electrostatic electricity has _________

Electricity source from oil is generated from

Fossil fuel
_________

Electricity source from water is generated from

Hydro-electric
_________ energy

Electricity source from hot ground water is

Geothermal
generated from _________ energy

Electricity source from the nucleus is generated

Nuclear
from _________ energy

Electricity source from the heat of the sun is

Solar
generated from _________ energy

Professional Electrical Electrical Analysis is prepared by the _________

Engineer

What pipe is required to be used to receive the

Rigid Steel Conduit
feeder wire from the Service Entry

Electric Current Flow in an electrical circuit

Current that flows in one direction (negative to

positive), uniform in strength, found in batteries
Direct Current
and dry cells and has 2 types - continuous /
pulsating (fluctuating)
 Current that reverses direction of flow at regular
Alternating Current intervals. Reverses in direction. Has 60 cps (60
Hz). Has 2P / 3P.

Direct Current Current that has straight line voltage

Direct Current Current that has fixed polarity

Alternating Current Current that reverses polarity

Direct Current Current that is easier to measure

Alternating Current Current that is easier to amplify

Electric Circuit Path for electric current with EMF applied

Force which causes movement of electricity in a

Electromotive Force
conductor

Close Circuit Circuit that is in a complete, continuous path

Circuit that is broken, incomplete and

Open Circuit
disconnected

Law stating the relationship of EMF, Current and

Ohm's Law
Resistance

Ampere Unit of Current

 Volt Unit of Volts

Ohm Unit of Resistance

Voltage EMF; pressure or force

Voltmeter Device used to measure voltage

Amperes Inherent in wires (conductor)

Ammeter Device used to measure amperes

Ampacity Current-carrying capacity (w/o undue heating)

Ohms Friction; inherent in insulator / ohmmeter

2 Lighting wire size (mm2)

3.5 Power wire size (mm2)

5.0 / 5.5 Independent wire size (mm2)

8 Spare wire size (mm2)

1 ______ is the pressure or force which causes 1

Volt ampere to flow in a wire with a resistance of 1 ohm
(1:1:1)

Device Does not consume electricity

 Rate of power; power consumption; heat volts +
Watt
ampere

Watt Meter unit of power consumption at any one time

unit of power consumption in periodic intervals;

Watt - Hour Meter
measured in KWH Meter / Electricity Meter

Alternator AC Generator is also known as

is a equipment that converts Mechanical Energy to

Generator
Electrical Energy

is a equipment that converts Electrical Energy to

Motor
Mechanical Energy

Battery An electrochemical; electrolysis

Generating Station The source of electricity

High voltage power lines that run across the

Transmission Lines country or along major roads on cleared rights-
of-way.

Substation Distributes power to several circuits

Lines that run along highways and major roads to

Circuit
serve communities and businesses
 These lines serve smaller groups of customers and
Tap Lines
neighborhoods from main circuits

Individual Transformers Reduces power to usable voltage levels.

Power supplied to a building through a service

entrance. Three heavy wires (drop), extend from
utility pole overhead wired are fastened top the
Service Entrance
structure and spliced to service entrance wires
that enter a conduit through a service head. Rigid
conduit is used.

Three wires placed in rigid conduit. The conduit is

Underground Service
brought to the meter socket that includes a watt-
Entrance
hour meter, main breaker and lighting protection.

Elevator that uses cable. For tall buildings and is

Electric Elevator
DC motor operated

Elevator that uses plunger. Uses antennaic /

Hydraulic Elevator
movable rod

Elevator traction machine that is spun and worm;

Gearless Elevator
used for high-rise buildings

Elevator traction machine that is gear and worm;

Geared Elevator
used for mid-rise buildings

Car / Cab Load carrying unit of an electric elevator

 Cable Rope of an electric elevator; 4 to 6 in number

Drive machine Power unit of an electric elevator

Balances the weight of an electric elevator / 40%

Counterweights
of the capacity load

Guide Rail Bracket of an electric elevator

Shaft / Hoistway Hatchway / hatch of an electric elevator

Machine room above hoistway of an electric

Penthouse
elevator

Part of an electric elevator system from sill level

Elevator Pit
of the lowest landing

The electrical panel is the ______ of the electrical

Control Equipment
elevator

Control Panel Electrcal panel is also known as ______; controller

Governs the acceleration, speed, retardation and

Motor Generators
stopping of elevator

Welded-link chain for hoist rope weight

Compensating Chain
compensation of an electric elevator
 Stops the descending car or counterweights
Buffer beyond normal limit of travel of an electrical
elevator

Mechanical speed control mechanism of an

Governor
electric elevator

Secondary Sheave Pulley on a gearless machine electrical elevator

A large clamp that achors the car to the building

Safety
in an electrical elevator is for _______ purposes

Guide Shoes Guide car along the rails

Elevator which permanent magnet synchronous

Machine room-less elevator
gearless drive unit is installed inside of the shaft.

500 lbs Capacity of dumbwaiter

9 sq.ft. Platform of a dumbwaiter is _____ in area

The angle of inclination of an escalator shall not

30 degrees
exceed _____ from the horizontal

90' / min. Run of 32" escalator in normal hours

120' / min. Run of 48" escalator in rush hours

Walkalator Other term for Moving Walk

 Travelator Other term for Moving Ramp

Fleximbe metal clad / metal clad / armored cable

BX cable
(FMC/MC/AC) is also known as _______

Non-metallic sheated cable (NMC/MC) is also

ROMEX cable
known as ______

Abbreviation for thermoplastic, heat resistant,

nylon jacket outer sheath. Used for dry and damp
locations. 600V THHN Insulated Cables used in
THHN
conduit and cable trays for services, feeders, and
branch circuits in commercial or industrial
applications.

Thermoplastic, heat and moisture resistant. For

THHW
wet and dry locations

Thermoplastic, heat and moisture resistant. For dry

THW
locations

THW - 2 THW for wet and dry locations

Thermoplastic, moisture and heat resistant, nylon

THWN / THWN-2
jacket outer sheath for dry and wet locations

Thermoplastic, moisture resistant for dry and wet

TW
locations

XHH XLPE, heat resistant for dry and damp locations

 XLPE, heat and moisture resistant for dry and wet
XHHW / XHHW-2
locations

Mineral Insulated Cable jacketed cable

Shielded non metallic Used for telecommunications / submarine cable

sheather cable (SNM)

Cables for system furniture application / cable

Flat Cable Assemblies (FC)
management

Flat Conductor Cable (FCC) Cables for general purpose

Heating, Ventilating & Air HVAC means

Conditioning

HVAC Process of treating air to control its temperature

Window Air Conditioning Unit WACU means

AC unit installed through top of wall. Usually

WACU
2.10m high

Split Type Air Conditioning AC unit with condenser (ACCU) and evaporator
Unit (AHU).

Multi-Split Air Conditioning Other term for split type air conditioning unit
Unit
 Mechanical room in a centralized air conditioning
Chiller
system is also known as

Roof Deck Cooling Tower is located in the _________

Underfloor raceway Floor raceway that has conventional installation

Floor raceway that is in rib decking / raised floor

Cellular metal floor raceway
system

Cellular concrete floor Floor raceway in T-joist / precast concrete slab

raceways with built in pipes

Raceways used on power and control tray cable,

Ceiling Raceway
busbar and cablebus

Centralized cooling system wherein the user has

Variable Air Volume control over the air conditioning system. The air
volume varies throughout the whole building

Centralized cooling system wherein the user has

no control over the air conditioning system. The
Constant Air Volume
air volume is constant throughout the whole
building

Cooling Tower A heat removal device placed at the roof top

Fan Coil Unit Booster for ceiling register

Transformer Voltage to Voltage electrical equipment

 H-frame Transformer 1000 Kva transformer; Oil-insulated

Cluster mounted Transformer 225 Kva transformer that uses Askarel

Synthetic non-flammable liquid used in

Askarel
transformers

120V to 240V dry type transformer that has a

Pad mounted transformer
switchboard

Free standing; assemblies of switches, fuses /

Switchboard circuit breakers / unit substations (transformer
load center) - large facility

Panel Board Final distribution point of power from switchboard

Large switch to disconnect apparatus, for service

Service Switch disconnecting means and applied on apartments
and meter banks

Fuse Alloy link or wire; fusible link; nonrenewable

Plug Fuse fuse for a dwelling (5 to 30 amps)

Cartridge Fuse fuse whose power ranges from 5 to 60 amps

Knife Blade Fuse fuse whose power ranges from 61 to 600 amps

Incandescent Lamp / Bulb Fixture / Luminaires that has filament

Flourescent Lamp / Tube Fixture / Luminaires that has cathode

Phosphor Fluorescent Lamp's Cylindrical Glas Tube has _____

Argon and low pressure Fluorescent Lamp's Cathode has _____

Ballast part of a flourescent lamp that limits current

part of a flourescent lamp that serves as the

Starter
switch

Pre-heat starting Fluorescent lamp that contains CFL

Instant start (Slimline) Flourescent lamp without a starter

Rapid start Flourescent lamp with bi-pins

Straight and angle couplings, elbow fittiongs, tee

Condulets and cross connections where you can access
pulling of wires

Electrical box where cable ends. Used mostly on

Outlet box
lighting fixtures

Utility boxes Electrical box for outlets and switches

Junction Box Electrical box for joining and splicing

Pull Box Electrical box that facilitates pulling

 Cut-out box Electrical box that is made up of metal

Outdoor Nema box are usually used for ______ applications

Nema box compared to other electrical boxes has

Gasket
a _______

Used to control circuits; available in single pole;

Toggle switch
three-way, or four-way types

Silent, shockproof, available in single-pole, three-

Mercury switch
way and four-way types

Installed on appliances to control their functions

Automatic cycle control
on a time cycle

Photoelectric cells Control switching by blocking a beam of light

Adjust heating and cooling systems to desired

Automatic controls
temperatures

Adjust heating and cooling systems by adjusting

Clock thermostat
both temperature and time

Keep water heated or cooled to selected

Aquastat
temperatures

Control the instensity of light; can be controlled

Dimmer switch
by touch, slider, or rotary controls
 Cause lights or devices to switch on and off at
Time switch
specified time intervals

Systems and switches that activate bells or lights

Safety alarm when a circuit, usually on a door or window, is
broken.

Control circuits throughout an entire building or

Master switch
area from one location.

Systems that provide economical long runs for

Low-voltage switching
low-voltage lighting

Control all mechanical electrical devices from a

Computer systems
master control unit

Allow current to flow for a limited time (usually

Delayed action switches one minute) after the switch has been turned
on/off

Point in a circuit where other devices can be

Outlet
connected

A device (at an outlet box) to which any plug-in

Receptacle extension line, appliance, or device can be
connected

For small appliances and lamps, available in

Convenience receptacles
single, double, or multiple units
 For lamp holders, surface-mounted fixtures, flush
Lighting outlets
or recessed fixtures, lighting fixtures

Special-purpose receptacles for one electrical device

Conductors Wirings and raceways that offers low resistance

Wirings and raceways that prevents flow of

Insulators
electric current

Raceways Channel of wirings and raceways

100% Conductivity of Gold

99.99% Conductivity of Silver

99.98% Conductivity of Copper

From the distribution panel, electricity is routed to

the building through ________. Each circuit delivers
Branch Circuits
electricity to a limited number of outlets or
devices and protected with a circuit breaker

Lighting circuits, small Branch circuits can be divided into 3 types

appliance circuits, individual
circuits

Plumbing appliance Special class of device or equipment

Plumbing appurtenance Manufactured device / prefabricated assembly

 Approved-type installed receptacles, devices,
Plumbing fixtures
appliances

Metropolitan Waterworks and MWSS meaning

Sewerage System

Company responsible for water supply

Maynilad Water
distribution in the west part of Manila

Company responsible for water supply

Manila Water
distribution in the east part of Manila

Local Water Utilities LWUA meaning

Administration

Maynilad Water and Manila Under Metropolitan Waterworks and Sewerage

Water System is __________ and ____________

Alter / Alteration Change, addition, modification

Accessible Without obstruction

Plumbing work before the settling of the fixtures,

Roughing-in
or finishing

Registered and Licensed RLMP

Master Plumber

National Master Plumbers NAMPAP

Association of the Philippines
 Building In the NPCP, this means the Structure built

In the NPCP, this means area exclusive of vent

Floor Area
shafts and courts

In the NPCP, this means the that portion between

Storey the upper surface of any floor and upper surface
of floor next above

In the NPCP, this means the Grade Line to the

Height of Building
highest point of coping

In the NPCP, this means installed to serve more

Common
than 1 appliance, fixture, building or system

2 to 3 meters Alley width is _____ to _____ meters

Construction that burn at temperature 756

Combustible construction
degrees celsius or less

Confined space space that is less than 1.4 cu.m.

space equal to at least 1.4 cu.m. of fuel-burning

Unconfined space
appliance

Chase Vertical shaft (pipe stacks)

Court open, unoccupied space

 Vertical opening for elevators, dumbwaiter and air
Shaft
well

Contamination impairment potable water (high hazard)

High Contamination is ______ hazard

Low Pollution is _____ hazard

Water for drinking, culinary, domestic purposes

Potable Water
(Philippine Standards for Drinking Water)

Ground Water Water standing in and passing through ground

Water which rainfall runs over the surface of the

Surface Water
ground

Level of service where water supply comes from

protected well (ground water) / spring (surface
Level I
water); w/ outlet, w/o distribution system; rural
areas; average of 15 households

Level of service where communal faucet system

or stand post - ground water where 1 faucet can
Level II
serve 4 to 6 households in rural or urban fringed
areas
 Level of service where waterworks system /
individual house connections are from surface
Level III water, river or dam. House hold taps for densely
populated areas. City mains - water main, street
main

water source that may be dug, bored, driven, or

Wells
drilled (ground water)

Water well whose shaft is excavated / installed

Dug well
with a casing, shallow construction

Water well which hole is bored with hand or

Bored well
machine-driven auger

Water well which pipe is driven equipped with

Driven well
well point by maul or pile driver

Water well which hole is made by drilling machine

Drilled well
installing casing and screen

Conditions / treats water supply to improve water

Water treatment
quality, remove suspended solids by filtration

Water treatment where contaminants are diluted

Dilution
to reduced risks

Water treatment that uses chemicals / coagulants

Coagulation and Flocculation and / or filter added to water, mixed in
(flocculated)
 Water treatment where heavier items settle at the
Settling
bottom

Water treatment where granular medium such as

Filtration sand, crushed anthracite coal or activated carbon
is used

Water treatment where disinfectants such as

Disinfection chloramines ozone, ultraviolet light and chlorine
dioxide is used.

Water Main Principal artery to which branches connect

Stop valve placed in service pipe closed to

Corporation cock
connection with water main

A return bend; (one end 30cm long; other end-7.5

cm long) maybe for faucet for a pantry sink or a
Goose neck
lead connection between service pipe and water
main

The pipe from the water main to the building

Service pipe
served

Branch Pipe other than the main, riser or stack

Supply pipe between the fixture and the water

Fixture branch
distributing pipe

Horizontal pipe Pipe of angle not more than 45 degrees

 Vertical pipe Pipe of angle more than 45 degrees

Branch interval should be at storey height per 8ft /

8 feet / 2.43m
2.44m

Water supply pipe connecting the fixture with the

Fixture supply
fixture branch

Water supply pipe that extends vertically one full

Riser
storey or more

A plumbing fitting closing an end of a pipe having

Plug
female thread square head

A plumbing fitting that has a metallic sleeve, for

Ferrule the purpose of cleaning or examining the interior
of the pipe

A plumbing fitting closing the end of a pipe of

Caps fitting male threaded plain and flat band / beaded
caps.

Bibb A faucet, cock, tap, plug

Faucet A valve or pipe which water can be drawn

Spigot The end of pipe which fits into a bell

Minimum cross-sectional area at the point of

Effective opening
water supply discharge
 the level in which water begins to overflow the
Flood level
top or rim of a fixture

C-L or C/L marking on a backflow prevention

device or vacuum breaker (determines the
Critical level
minimum elevation above the flood level rim of
the fixture)

Flood level rim Top edge of a receptacle

Flooded When liquid rises to the flood level rim

The normal force exerted by a homogenous liquid

Pressure
or gas, per unit area on the wall of a container

Static Pressure Pressure without any flow motion

Residual Pressure Pressure available

Minimize pulsating discharge from pump

Air chamber (pulsation results in uneven flow of water); Water
Hammer Arrester

Assembly of mechanical devices which raise

Air pressure system
water, using compressed air as delivery agent

Water system that distributes water to plumbing

Overhead feed system
fixtures by gravity

6 feet Range boiler is 12 to 24" in diameter and _____ long

 15 feet Storage tank is 24 to 54" in diameter and _____ long

Hot water distribution system which installation

involves small residential / industrial installations;
Upfeed and gravity return
constant circulation of hot water within the piping
arrangement

Hot water distribution system which installation

involves buildings of extreme height; in the closed
Overhead feed and gravity
system of piping water rises when heated. As it
return system
reach the high point of the system, gravity return
to the storage unit

Water back Water heating device installed in a range

Water heating device - gas burner placed below

Gas heater
the coil

Electric heater Water heating device - controlled by thermostat

Solar heater Water heating device - uses heat from the sun

Type of valve in which the flow of water is cut off

by means of a circular disk, at right angles to the
Gate valve direction of the flow; disk is raised or lowered by
means of threaded stem connected to the handle
of the valve; full bore of the pipe

Type of valve in which the flow of water is cut off

Globe valve by means of a disk that fits against the valve seat
(tortuous passage); throttling
 Hoisting Elevators have ________ mechanism

Angle valve Type of valve making a 90 degree turn

Type of valve that automatically closes to prevent

Check valve
flow of water in a reverse direction

Check valve with low to moderate pressures of

Swing check valve
liquids and gases

Check valve for gas, water, steam, air and general

Lift check valve
vapor services

Type of valve for drainage system. To prevent

Backwater valve
reverse flow

Type of valve that is a suction valve; a non return

Foot valve
valve at the inlet end of a pipe

Type of valve which has an automatic release of

Safety valve substance from boiler, pressure vessel when
pressure / temperature exceeds preset limits

Type of valve for shutoff applications - fince

Ball valve
control in throttling

Type of valve that cuts off flow of water; used

Cut-off valve
with water heaters or main line; a shut-off valve
Acrylonitrile Butadiene ABS means
Styrene

Chlorinated Polyvinyl cPVC means

Chloride

Polybutylene PB means

Polyethylene PE means

Polyvinyl Chloride PVC means

Type M Thinnest copper pipe

Type L Middle thickness copper pipe

Type K Thickest copper pipe

Unplasticized; for electrical and telephone cables,

uPVC
sewer pipes and potable water supply

Third most widely produced after PE and PPR. It is

PVC widely used in construction because it is cheap,
durable and easy to assemble

Chlorinated; thermoplastic produced by

cPVC chlorination of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) resin; hot
and cold water pipe, and industrial liquid handling
 Used in sprinkler and drip irrigation systems,
drainage systems, laboratories, industrial process
LDPE
lines, agricultural piping, irrigation and many other
public utilities

Used for water main schemes, potable water

house connections, sprinkler and drip irrigation
HDPE
systems, drainage systems, laboratories, industrial
process lines, agricultural piping, irrigation

used in the manufacturing piping systems; both

ones concerned with high-purity and ones
designed for strength and rigidity (use in potable
PPR
plumbing, hydronic heating and cooling, and
reclaimed water); joined by heat fusion rather than
gluing

Cross-linked polyethylene; a form with

polyethylene with cross-links; hydronic radiant
heating systems, domestic water piping and
PE-X insulation for high tension (high voltage) electrical
cables; used for natural gas and offshore oil
applications, chemical transportation of sewage
and slurries.

used in pressure piping, flexible packaging, water

PB
heaters, compounding and hot melt adhesives

Pipe is a cylindrical conduit / conductor which

Inside
pipe size is measured on _____ diameter
 Tube is a cylindrical conduit / conductor which
Outside
tube size is measured on ______ diameter

Iron Pipe Size IPS means

Invert The lowest portion of the inside of any pipe

Length of pipe The length as measured along in pipes

The length along the center line of pipe and

Developed length
fittings

The extended portion of pipe that is closed on

Dead end
one end

Plumbing fitting - lesser than 12" length / threaded

Nipple
on both ends

Plumbing fitting - connects the outlet of a fixture

Tail piece
to a trap

Plumbing fitting with the male threaded at one

Extension piece
end

Plumbing fitting - branch of 90 degrees / right

Tees
angles

Plumbing fitting - closing end of a pipe or fitting

having female thread square head; four-sided
Plug
counter sunk head (small size); hexagon-head -
(larger sizes); 1/8" to 12"; Ground-joint union
 Plumbing fitting with raised square heads - plastic
Cleanout plugs
/ brass; brass-metallic fittings

A metallic sleeve, for the purpose of cleaning or

Ferrule
examining the interior of the pipe

Closing the end of a pipe or fitting male threaded

Caps
plain and flat band / beaded caps

Flange For closing flanged fittings / flange pipe lines

Plumbing fitting that connect the male end of a

Bushings pipe to a fitting of a larger size; reducing /
enlarging fitting

Elbows 45 or 90 degree plumbing fitting

Offset Combination of elbows and bends

Double offset Two offsets in succession

Tapped tee Tapped to receive a threaded pipe or fittings

Plumbing fitting connected to a hydrant / same

Siamese connection
nozzle / hose fitting with clapper valves

Plumbing fitting that has hose connection with

Wye
two gated outlets
 A vertical pipe, or a reservoir, into which water is
Standpipe
pumped to give it a head

A type of standpipe where water pressure is

Wet standpipe
maintained

A type of standpipe that operates automatically

Automatic standpipe system
by opening a hose valve

Manually-operated standpipe A type of standpiep with remote control device at

system each hose station

A type of standpipe that has no permanent water

Dry standpipe
inside pipe

Employ automatic sprinkler heads attached to a

piping system containing water and connected to
Wet pipe splinkler system a water supply so that water discharges
immediately from sprinklers opened by heat from
fire.

Employ open sprinklers that are attached to a

piping system that is connected to a water supply
through a valve that is opened by the operation of
Deluge Sprinkler System a detection system installed in the same areas as
the sprinklers. When this valve opens, water flows
into the piping system and discharges from all
sprinklers attached thereto
 __________ are used where large quantities of water
are needed quickly to control a fast developing
Deluge systems
fire. Its valves can be electrically, pneumatically or
hydraulically operated

Activation of a fire detector will open the pre-

action valve, allowing water to enter the system
Pre-Action Sprinkler Systems piping. Water will not flow from the sprinklers until
heat activates the operating element in individual
sprinklers

Opening of pre-action valve effectively converts

Wet pipe splinkler system
the system to a wet pipe sprinkler system

A special system that is pipe-connected to a

source of foam concentrate and to a water supply.
The system is equipped with appropriate
Foam-water sprinkler system
discharge devices for extinguishing agent
discharge and for distribution over the area to be
protected

Method of jointing pipes that is not drilled for bolt

Blank flange
holes

Method of jointing pipes that closes the end of a

Blind flange
pipe

Method of jointing that melt below 427 degrees

Soldered joint
celsius / above 149 degrees celsius

Welded joint or seam Method of jointing that is in plastic molten state

 Method of jointing that melts at higher than 449
Brazed joint
degrees celsius

Method of jointing that uses a compression nut, a

Slip joint friction ring, compression washer, fit a threaded
adapter fitting or a standard taper pipe thread

Plumbing fixture that conveys organic body

Water Closet
wastes to the plumbing system

Latrine A water closet with a continuous trough

A faucet or valve opened or closed by the fall or

Ball cock
rise of a ball floating on the surface of water

part of the water closet used for flushing /

Flush tank
removing excrements

part of the water closet used for flushing water

Flush valve directly from water supply pipes / in connection
(at the bottom of the tank)

Part of the water closet that accumulates air and

Flushometer tank has predetermined quantity of water for flushing
purposes

Part of the water closet that has actuated direct

Flushometer valve
water pressure

Also known as slop sink. For disposal of scrub

Service sink
water; deep sink to accommodate scrub pail
 Sink used for restaurants and large kitchens. Also
Scullery sink
known as pot sink.

Lavatory A wash basin

Plumbing fixture used for washing the middle part

Bidet
of the body; genitals

Sitz bath Used chiefly in the care of invalids / infirm

Bathroom equipped with shower stall or bathtub

a water receptacle used for swimming / water

Swimming pool
basin

Starts at the end of the building drain outside the

House sewer (building sewer) foundation wall and terminating at the main sewer;
terminal can be the septic tank

Lowest horizontal piping of drainage system;

Building drain (house drain) conveys to the building sewer beginning 0.60m
outside the building wall

Underground system; cannot drain by gravity into

Building subdrain
the building sewer

Underground drainpipe; receives only subsurface

Subsoil drain or seepage water and convey it to a sump for
disposal by gravity flow or by lift pump
 One fixture unit is equivalent to ______ per minute (1
7.5 gals / 28.3 liters
cu.ft / minute)

A sewer, pipe or conduit conveying ground water,

Drain
surface water, storm water, wastewater or sewage

Fixture drain The drain from the trap of a fixture to the junction

The branch drain extending laterally from a soil /

Horizontal branch
waste stack, with or without sections or branches

Downspout The pipe from the roof drain to the catch basin

The basin where liquids are retained to deposit

Catch basin
settleable material

A piece of sheet metal fitted under another piece

Flashing of flat metal or wood over which is expected to
run

A fitting or device so constructed as to prevent

Trap
the passage of air, gas

Common seal Water sealed traps that are 2" deep

Deep seal Water sealed traps that are 4" deep

Intercept or to separate and prevent the passage

Clarifier
of oil, grease and sand
 Grease interceptor Interceptor of 3 cu.m.

Grease trap To retain grease from 1 to 4 fixtures

Double-bend fitting Plumbing fitting shaped like an "S"

That portion of a fixture drain between a trap and

Trap Arm
the vent

A waste pipe that does not connect directly with

Indirect Waste Pipe
the building drainage

Approved plumbing fixture / device to adequately

Receptor
receive discharge from indirect waste pipes

Require special methods of handling (use of

indirect waste piping and receptors, corrosion,
Special Waste
resistant piping, sand, oil or grease interceptors,
condensers or other pre-treatment facilities)

A system to provide flow of air to or from a

drainage system; provide a circulation of air to
Vent system
protect trap seals from siphonage and
backpressure

The extension of soil or waste stack above the

Main soil and waste vent
highest horizontal drain connected to the stack
(stack vent / soil stack)
(SVTR)
 Principal artery, vertical vent pipe; "relief" and
Main vent (vent stack) "yoke" vents; tributary; collecting vent line;
relieves back-pressure

A horizontal vent pipe connecting from a branch

Branch vent of the drainage system to a vent stack or stack
vent

Group vent a branch vent is also known as

A pipe or opening used for ensuring the

Vent pipe circulation of air in a plumbing system; for
reducing the pressure exerted o

Connects directly with an individual trap

Backvent pipe
underneath / behind the fixture

Also known as a revent pipe. Serves as a single

Individual vent
trap

A group vent from in front of the last fixture /

Circuit vent
connects to a vent stack.

A vent which extension is usually vertical

Loop vent / Circuit vent immediately beyond its connection to the soil or
waste pipe; connected to a stack vent

Relief vent An auxiliary vent

 A vent connecting upward from a soil or waste
Yoke vent stack below the floor and below the horizontal
connection to an adjacent vent stack

A horizontal wet venting of one or more sinks /

Combination waste and vent
floor drains by a common horizontal waste and
system
vent pipe

A drain connecting the compartments of a set of

Continuous waste fixtures to a trap or connecting other permitted
fixtures to a common trap

Used on fixtures located in the room away from

Looped vent partitions that might be utilized to conceal waste
and vent

Pipe or shaft to convey foul air from a fixture or

Local vent
room to the outer air

underground Utility vent is located __________

Construction, collection, transportation, pumping

Sewerage / Sewerage works
treatment and final disposition of sewage

Liquid wastes conducted away from buildings,

Sewage
wastewater

Main sewer Public sewer

Public sewer A common sewer controlled by public authority

Private sewage disposal Effluent discharging into a subsurface disposal
system field and seepage pit

Privately owned / not directly controlled by the

Private sewer
public authority

Privy Outhouse / structure for deposition of excrement

Privy vault A pit beneath a privy in which excrement collects

Reception or detention of sewage / non

watertight lined excavationl; permitting liquid to
Cesspool
seep through the bottom and sides of the
cesspool

Leaching cesspool Cesspool that is not watertight

A loosely lined excavation that receives discharge

Seepage pit
of a septic tank and seeps bottom and sides

Repetition of a sound resulting from reflection of

Reflection
sound waves

Repetitive inter-reflection of sound energy

between opposing parallel or concave sound-
Flutter echo
reflecting surfaces heard as a high frequency
ringing or buzzing

Bending or flowing of a sound wave around an

Diffraction
object or through an opening
Noise reduction coefficient A single-number index for rating how absorptive a
(NRC) particular material is

A door's ability to reduce noise is _________

effectiveness; value in decibels (determined by
Sound Transmission Loss (TL)
measuring sound pressure levels at a certain
frequency in the source and receiving rooms)

The fraction of the randomly incident sound

Sound Absorption Coefficient power which is absorbed, or otherwise not
reflected

Rays that travel in a straight line until they

encounter some object. Rays are either absorbed,
reflected or transmitted. The proportion of _______
Lights absorbed, transmitted or reflected depends upon
the type of material and the angle of incidence of
the light rays as measured from the perpendicular
to the surface

The deliberate use of light to achieve practival or

Lighting / Illumination
aesthetic effects

Daylighting Main source of light during daytime

Candlepower Unit of luminous intensity of a light source

SI unit. Index of the ability of a light source to

Candela
produce illumination

magnitude Candela and candlepower has the same _______

 Quantitative unit for measuring flow of light
Lumen energy (luminous flux) emanating from 1 sq.ft. of a
1 sq.ft. surface of 1 candlepower light output

Illumination Density of the luminous flux (lumens per unit are)

1 lumen of luminous flux spread uniformly over an

Footcandle (FC)
area of 1 sq.ft. produces an illumination of 1 ________

Lux Illumination is expressed in _____

The ratio of light absorbed by a material to the

incident light falling on it. All materials absorb
Absorptance
some light; Darker objects absorb more than
lighter colored objects

Regular reflection (observed in mirror) wherein

Specular reflection angle of reflection is equivalent to angle of
incident light

Reflection wherein reflected light is scattered in

Diffuse reflection
all directions

Light that passes through clear, transparent

Direct Transmission
materials

Diffuse Transmission Transmitted light is scattered evenly

Materials that transmit light in a diffuse pattern are

Transluscent
known as ________
 The bending of light as it passes obliquely
Refraction
through a material

Footlambert A quantitative unit for measuring brightness

An index of the intensity of light being emitted,

Brightness / Luminance
transmitted or reflected from a surface

Brightness Perceived light

Luminance Measured quantity of brightness

Footcandle (FC) The illumination is on the surface

Footlambert The brightness is from a surface

The effect of excessive brightness in the field of

view, causing annoyance, discomfort and
Glare
interffering with vision (direct from light /
reflected from a shiny surface)

Immediate contiguous area in which a worker

Work station
performs visual tasks

Surface on which visual task is performed and at

Work plane
which the illumination is specified and measured

A luminous source where light energy is

Primary source
generated and transmitted directly to a task
 Surfaces that derive their brightness from
Secondary source
reflected incident illumination

Sun Ultimate primary source of light

Moon Secondary source of light

A lighting source that closely replicates natural

Natural lighting
sunlight can be considered ______ source

The most practical method of passive solar energy

Daylighting utilization in commercial buildings. Reduces
lighting energy use and cooling load as well

Sunlight is a highly efficient source of illumination

50 that can produce ____ times as high as those
recommended for artificial illumination

Lighting type that tends to create shadows. Light

Direct
is directed downward

Lighting type that distribute light equally upward

Direct - Indirect
and downward

Indirect Distribute 90 to 100% of the light upward

type of shielded light fixture - transluscent or

semi-transparent (see-through) covers made of
Diffusers
glass or plastic; bottom or sides of light fixtures to
control brightness
 type of shielded light fixture - clear, transparent
Lenses glass, plastic covers; incorporates prisms and
flutes to distribute light in specific ways

type of shielded light fixture - baffles that shield

the bulb from view and reflect light; can be
Louvers contoured to control light and decrease
brightness. Parabolic ______ are specially shaped
grids that concentrate and distribute light

Electron-Stimulated ESL in lighting fixture means

Luminescence

Compact Fluorescent Lamp CFL in lighting fixture means

High Intensity Discharge HID in lighting fixture means

Low Pressure Sodium LPS in lighting fixture means

High Pressure Sodium HPS in lighting fixture means

Metal Halide MH in lighting fixture means

Light Emitting Diode LED in lighting fixture means

The least efficient in all lamps (efficacies of less

than 20 lumens per watt). The efficiency increases
Incandescent
with rated wattage (15% for a 10-watt lamp; 25%
for a 1500 watt lamp)
 Color of this lamp type depends on the
temperature as determined by wattage. High-
Incandescent wattage lamps are blue; low-wattage lamps are
yellow; dimmed lamps of a given wattage give off
a yellow-red light

More efficient that incandescent lamps (20 times

longer life). More light is emitted by a 40-watt
Fluorescent
fluorescent tube than by a 100-watt incandescent
bulb.

A lamp that is yellow-tinted in color due to the

sodium contained within them ender high
High Pressure Sodium Lamp pressure. Complementary white sources used in
conjuction can make the color of this light even
more acceptable

Advantageous wherever color is not an important

criterion; widely used for highway lighting, where
the discernment of objects is the primary
Low Pressure Sodium Lamp
objective. Their use for buildings is confined, such
as exterior applications, inside such spaces as
warehouses, or as after-hours security lighting