INTRODUCTION TO FLOW-RATE

The flow-rate of a river, or of a

canal, is the volume of water
discharged through this river, or this
canal, during a given period of time..

The flowrate is also called discharge-

rate.
CALCULATION AND UNITS

The formula used is:

Q= Flow Rate(I/S)= Volume of water
Time (seconds)

The water supplied by a pump fills a drum of

200 liters in 20 seconds. What is the flow rate
of this pump?
Given : Volume of water: 200 l
Time: 20 s
Answer:
Formula
Q = Volume of water
Time (Seconds)
= 200 l
20 s
= 10 l/s
 The unit "liter per second" is
commonly used for small flows, e.g. a
tap or a small ditch. For larger flows,
e.g. a river or a main canal, the unit
"cubic metre per second" (m3/s) is
more conveniently used.
 A river discharges 100 m3 of water to the sea
every 2 seconds. What is the flow-rate of this river
expressed in m3/s?

The formula used is:

Q = Volume of water (m3)

Time (Seconds)
Given : Volume of water: 100 m3
Time: 2 s

Answer:
Formula
Q = Volume of water
Time
= 100 m3
2s
= 50 m3/s
PERCENTAGE

The word "percentage" means

literally“ perhundred"; in other
words one percent is the one
hundredth part of the total. You can
either write percent, or %, or
1/100, or 0.01b .
Some examples are:
1 percent = 1% = 1/100= 0.01
2 Percent = 2% = 2/100- 0.02
5 percent = 5% =5/100 = 0.05
20 percent = 20% = 20/100= 0.20
25 percent = 25% = 25/100 = 0.25
50 percent = 50% = 50/100 =0.50
100 percent = 100% = 100/100 = 1
150 percent = 150% = 150/100 = 1.5
QUESTION:
How many oranges are 1% of a total of
300 oranges?

ANSWER:
1% of 300 oranges = 1/100 x 300
= 0.01 x 300
= 3 orange
Example :

1. ) 1% of 500 horses = 1/100 x 500

= 0.01 x 500
= 5 horses

2.) 6% of 100 cows = 6/100 x 100

= 0.06 x 100
= 6 cows
3.) 150% of a monthly salary of P100

= 150/100 x 100
= 1.5 x 100
= P150
4.) 80% of 90 irrigation projects

= 80/100 x90
= 0.8 x 90
= 72
Solve the following percentage:

1. 20% of 150 flowers

2. 150% of a monthly salary of 200
3. 8% of 80 ducks
4. 50% of 100 dogs
5. 70% of 150 cats.