HINDUSTAN COLLEGE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY, FARAH, MATHURA

DEPARTMENT OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

PROJECT REPORT
SUBMITTED TOWARDS FULFILLMENT
OF
VALUE ADDED COURSE
ON
FINITE ELEMENT STRESS ANALYSIS OF A PISTON-CYLINDER ASSEMBLY
OF AN IC ENGINE USING ANSYS

SUBMITTED BY:
Piyush Lavania
(2000640400008)

SESSION 2022-23
INTRODUCTION:
 Engines, the heartbeats of modern machinery and vehicles, are
intricate marvels of engineering that propel our world forward.
These mechanical powerhouses harness various forms of
energy to generate motion, perform work, and drive countless
applications.
 While providing power, engines are subjected to various types of
loads of different magnitudes in different parts. To avoid failure of
these devices, proper stress-strain analysis needs to be done.
 In this report, finite element analysis is done through Ansys
software and the results are compared with theoretical results.
 For this report, two type of loads i.e. pressure and downward
load is taken into consideration and static structural analysis of
piston- cylinder assembly of an IC engine is done.
IC ENGINE:
 An internal combustion engine (IC engine) is a marvel of
engineering that powers many of the vehicles and machinery
we rely on daily.
 It operates on the fundamental principle of converting chemical
energy, typically in the form of gasoline or diesel, into
mechanical energy through controlled explosions within its
combustion chambers.
 These explosions drive pistons, which in turn generate
rotational motion that powers the vehicle or equipment. They
have played a pivotal role in shaping modern transportation
and industry, enabling the efficient movement of people and
goods across the globe while continuously evolving to meet
demands for performance, efficiency, and environmental
considerations.
COMPONENTS OF IC ENGINE:
1) Cylinder Block
2) Cylinder Head
3) Pistons
4) Connecting Rods
5) Crankshaft
6) Camshaft
7) Valves
8) Piston Rings
9) Gudgeon pin
FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS METHOD:
Finite Element Analysis (FEA) is a powerful numerical method used in
engineering and applied sciences to solve complex physical problems.
It's a simulation technique that divides a complex geometry or physical
domain into smaller, simpler elements, allowing engineers and
researchers to analyze how the system behaves under various
conditions.
A. Problem Formulation F. Assembly
B. Discretization G. Solution
C. Element Types H. Post-Processing
D. Mesh Generation I. Validation and Iteration
E. Governing Equations
METHODOLOGY:
2.1) Design and description of the model:
2.2) Simulation in Ansys:
Meshing:
Pressure Application:
Force Application:
Fixing
RESULT AND DISCUSSION:
A. Total Deformation:
B. Normal Stress:
C. Shear Stress:
D. Equivalent Stress:
E. Equivalent Elastic Strain:
4) CONCLUSION:
During the project, the following innovative tasks were carried out.
1. The modern tool like Ansys were used for simulating piston-cylinder assembly has been
used to generate geometric, material properties required for structural analysis.
2. The maximum stress distribution of the piston-cylinder assembly has been extensively
examined using different approaches, namely theoretically using finite element analysis
method and simulation method using Ansys software. A comparative study has also been
carried out for the results obtained using these methods.
3. In Ansys, structural analysis for the envelope done by taking gas pressure and downward
force individually and by applying all loads separately their overall stress distribution was
happened on the piston-cylinder assembly then the output will be in the form of graphics by
indication in colors. Also shown the where maximum stress distribution was occurred on the
surface of the piston-cylinder assembly.
4. For structural analysis in Ansys, the boundary conditions must include getting accurate
results of stress distributions in the form of graphics.
5. In theoretically the finite element analysis method were used to find the properties
individually by applying loads as taking gas pressure and downward force. By adding all loads
and then applying on the assembly, the theoretical output came in terms of maximum stress
occurred on the piston-cylinder assembly.
THANK YOU!