CLIMATE

Lesson Objectives
• differentiate climate from weather
• describe factors that affect climate
• explain how latitude, altitude and land
topography affect climate
• explain how ocean surface and circulation
directly affect the pattern of climate around
the world.
 WEATHER VS CLIMATE

WEATHER
Map CLIMATE
Changes in the atmospheric Climate is the general pattern of the
condition
As over athe
maps distorts brief period and
distance of weather that occurs for a region
time
sizesuch
of theasEarth's
a day or a week
surface, over a number of years.
different projections are created.
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

LATITUDE- The further we go from the

equator; the temperature drops and the cooler
it gets
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

ALTITUDE- Temperature decreases with

increasing altitude at an average rate of
6.5°C for every 1000m increase in altitude,
as the atmosphere receives less heat through
terrestrial radiation.
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

DISTANCE FROM THE SEA-

coastal areas have lower temperature ranges.
• winters are milder, summers are cooler.
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

PREVAILING WINDS (dominant wind

system)

November- April - Northeast monsoon

(Amihan) cool and dry
May- October- Southwest monsoon
(Habagat) hot and humid
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

OCEAN CURRENTS- continuous and

directional movement of ocean
• wind friction
• water density
• earth’s rotation
• solar energy, and
• gravity variation in different parts of the
ocean
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

Direction: vertical/ horizontal

Flow: clockwise; northern hemisphere and
counterclockwise; southern hemisphere in
circular patterns
 DIFFERENT FACTORS THAT AFFECT CLIMATE

TOPOGRAPHY- difference in elevation and

mountain ranges determine the distribution
of precipitation on earth
 Climatic Phenomena
Occcuring on a Global Level
 Lesson Objectives
• describe climatic phenomena that occur on a global level such as global
warming, climate change, El Niño and La Niña;
• determine the factors that influence global climatic phenomenon;
• explain the impact of global climatic phenomenon on the daily lives of the
people
• create a poster that will raise awareness of the impact of global climatic
phenomenon to the people.
GLOBAL WARMING

rise in global
temperatures due mainly
to the increasing
concentrations of
greenhouse gases in the
atmosphere.
The greenhouse effect is the natural warming process of the
Earth that results when gases in the atmosphere trap heat
from the earth that would otherwise escape into space.
CLIMATE CHANGE

refers to the increasing

changes in the measures of
climate over a long period of
time – including
precipitation, temperature,
and wind patterns.
 EL NIÑO
(Spanish for 'the Christ
Child')

refers to a warming of the

ocean surface, or above-
average sea surface
temperatures, in the central
and eastern tropical Pacific
Ocean.
 LA NIÑA

La Niña is the opposite

climatic disturbance to El
Niño.
It may last for nine to twelve
months but in some cases, it
lasts for two years.