Emergency Cycle

WFP Logistics, We Deliver

 Lesson Objectives

By the end of this lesson, you will be able to:

Outline the phases of an emergency and key

1 responses associated with them

Describe the basic needs of disaster affected

2 populations and prioritisation during emergencies

Describe the push and pull strategy and

3 application of humanitarian staging areas
 Emergency Cycle

• Search and • Rebuilding and

Rescue Reconstruction
• Needs
assessment
• Resource
Mobilization
• Relief

Response Recovery
Ev
en
t

Preparedness Mitigation

• Monitor events
• Forecasting
• Stockpiling
• Contingency
Planning
• Logistics
Capacity • Lessons learned
Assessment • Mitigation
 Prioritization

Generic Emergency
Maslow’s Self- Prioritisation (the “rule of three”)
Pyramid Actual-
isation
Pursue Talent,
Creativity,
Fulfillment

Self-Esteem
Achievement, Food
Mastery Recognition
(Weeks)

Water
(Days)
Belonging

Medical

Medical
Friends, Family, Community
Heat
(Hours)

Safety
Security, Shelter Air
(Minutes)

Physiological Hierarchy of physiological needs

Food, Water, Warmth
 Exercise

In groups, assemble the relief items on the time-

line on order of priority based on Maslow’s
Pyramid and the Generic Emergency Prioritization

30 minutes to prioritize
15 minutes to present/discuss
Various Relief Items
 Humanitarian Cargo

Relief Items

Housing & Operational

Medical Food Dangerous
Shelter WASH Items Support
Items commodities Items
Items Equipment

Food Commodities

Cereals/
Fortified
Cereal Oils Salt Sugar Pulses RTUF
Foods
Blends
 Need-to-Delivery Time

Needs
Beneficiary
Assessment

Request Request
Made Processed

Information Time

Beneficiary & Supply

Movement Time

Goods
Moved
 Push & Pull

First few days – Needs not clearly defined

Push Pull

First few weeks – Needs defined

 Humanitarian Staging Area

Push-Pull
Boundary

Push Strategy Pull Strategy

Raw End
Materials Customer

Staging Area

Simchi-Levi et al. 2008: 190

 Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti

Inbound
Consolidation
2 Outbound

IFRC considered three different options for a staging area for the 2010 Haiti
earthquake operation: Miami, Panama and Santo Domingo.
 Staging Area Example: IFRC Haiti

Advantages Disadvantages

• Cheapest option
Santo • Short lead time to Haiti
Domingo • Potential to build national society
• Coordination with other actors
• Likely congestion
• Potentially hazardous:
earthquakes, security
• Customs clearance limitations

• Advanced infrastructure of major

shipping port
• Regular services to Haiti and Santo • Cost and time of setting up new
Miami Domingo office
• Coordination with other actors • Estimated most expensive option

• Advanced Infrastructure of major

shipping port
Panama • Regular services to Haiti and Santo • Longest distance to Haiti
Domingo • Not least cost option
• Support structure and operating
knowledge already in place
 Prioritization

V Food
O
L
U
M
E

Other than Food

Shift from air to surface

Shift from kits to single/customized items

72hrs 2 wks. 3-4wks 8wks

 Recap Lesson

Recap Lesson
Questions:

1 Outline the phases of an emergency response

What does Maslow’s pyramid tell us about

2
beneficiaries in emergencies?
Questions

WFP Logistics, We Deliver