THE GLOBAL INTERSTATE SYSTEM

FOR A LONG TIME, STATES HAVE BEEN THE

DOMINANT ACTORS IN THE
INTERNATIONAL AFFAIRS. THE INTERSTATE
SYSTEM HA BEEN ORGANIZED AROUND
THE PRINCIPLES OF SOVEREIGNTY,
TERRITORIALITY, AND NON-
INTERFERENCE.
 STATE
A COMMUNITY OF PERSONS, MORE OR
LESS UNITED, OCCUPYING A DEFINITE
PORTION OF TERRITORY, HAVING A
GOVERNMENT OF ITS OWN IN WHICH A
GREAT NUMBER OF INHABITANTS RENDER
OBEDIENCE AND INDEPENDENT OF
EXTERNAL CONTROL.
 ELEMENTS OF STATE

1.TERRITORY- DEFINITE PORTION OF THE

EARTH WHERE THE PEOPLE LIVE
2.PEOPLE- MASS OF INHABITANTS WHO
LIVE WITHIN THE TERRITORY OF STATE
3. GOVERNMENT- AGENCIES/OFFICES
WHICH CARRIES OUT THE WILL OF STATE
STATE, THAT IS TO MAINTAIN ORDER AND
SECURITY IN THE STATE
4. SOVEREIGNTY- SUPREME POWER OF
THE STATE TO COMMAND OBEDIENCE
FROM ITS PEOPLE AND TO BE FREE FROM
OUTSIDE INTERFERENCE (INDEPENDENCE)
AS A RULE, EVERY STATE MUST RESPECT
EACH OTHER’S SOVEREIGNTY AND NOT
INTERVENE IN THE EACH DOMESTIC
AFFAIRS.
.THE TREATY OF WESTPHALIA (1648)
RECOGNIZES THE PRINCIPLE OF
SOVEREIGN STATEHOOD.
 THEORETICAL PERSPECTIVES
1.REALISM- ASSUME THAT JUST LIKE
HUMAN INDIVIDUALS, STATES ARE
RATIONAL ACTORS AND THEIE PRIMARY
CONCERN IS THE PROMOTION OF THEIR
SELF-INTERESTS.
REALISM
IN AN ANARCHIC INTERNATIONAL SYSTEM,
WHEREIN THERE’S AN ABSENCE OF
CENTRAL AUTHORITY, STATES MUST FEND
FOR THEMSELVES AND MUST AMASS
POWER TO PROTECT THEMSELVES FROM
THE DEPRADATIONS OF OTHER STATES
THE STATE’S POWER MAY BE BASED ON
THE FOLLOWING ELEMENTS:
1.MILITARY STRENGTH
2.STRONG ECONOMY
3. INTERNAL STABILITY
4. FOREIGN ALLIANCES
2. LIBERALISM
. LIBERALS ASSUME STATES BEHAVE WITH
RATIONALITY AND MUST BEHAVE
PROPERLY IN RELATION WITH EACH OTHER
.THEY ARE OPTIMISTIC FOR LONG-TERM
PEACE
LIBERALISM
.LIBERALS EMPHASIZE THE PACIFYING
ROLES OF INTERNATIONAL
ORGANIZATIONS, ECONOMIC
INTERDEPENDENCE, AND DEMOCRACY
LIBERALISM
.LIBERALS MAINTAIN THAT ECONOMIC
INTERDEPENDENCE MINIMIZES
CONFLICTS. AS RATIONAL ACTORS, IT IS
NOT IN STATE’S BEST INERESTS TO
SACRIFICE THE GAINS OF ECONOMIC TIES
BY ENGAGING IN COSTLY CONFLICTS
LIBERALISM
.CONFLICTS AND WARS CAN ONLY RESULT
IN MUTUALLY ASSURED ECONOMIC
DESTRUCTION
.LIBERALS BELIEVE THAT DEMOCRATIC
STATES DO NOT FIGHT OTHER
DEMOCRACIES. THEY RESEPCT EACH
OTHER
3. CONSTRUCTIVISM
. IS CONCERNED WITH THE RELATIONSHIP
BETWEEN AGENTS AND STRUCTURES
.CONSTRUCTIVISTS IDENTIFY THE
PRINCIPAL ACTORS, THEIR INTERETS AND
INDENTITIES, AND THE NATURE AND
STRUCTURE OF THE INTERNATIONAL
SYSTEM
4. MARXISM
.
4. MARXISM
.ARGUE THAT THE WORLD IS DIVIDED
ALONG ECONOMIC LINES, BETWEEN
DEVELOPED AND UNVELOPING STATES.
RICH/DEVELOPED STATES EXPLOIT
POOR/DEVELOPING STATES RESULTING TO
MASS POVERTY AND GIVING RISE TO
ANTI-IMPERALIST MOVEMENTS.
MARXISM
.IMPERIALISM MAKES THE CONFLICT
BETWEEN RICH AND POOR STATES
UNAVOIDABLE AND CONTINUOUS.
.IT IS THE AIM OF POOR STATES FROM FREE
THEMSELVES FROM IMPERIALISM AND
PURSUE DEVELOPMENT ON THEIR OWN
PATH.
 THE ROLE OF NON-STATE ACTORS
1.INTERNATIONALORGANIZATIONS
.PROMOTE PEACE, SECURITY AND
COOPERATION (UN, EU, ASEAN, NATO)
2. NON-GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS
.ENGAGE IN VARIOUS ADVOCACIES LIKE
ENVIRONMENT PROTECTION ,HUMAN
RIGHTS (AMNESTY INT’L, GREENPEACE)
NON-STATE ACTORS
3. MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS
.MONOPLY FIRMS THAT OPERATE IN MANY
COUNTRIES
.PROMOTE INTERDEPENDENCE BY
EXPANDING TRADE AND FOREIGN
INVESTMENT
MULTINATIONAL CORPORATIONS (MNC’S)
.OWING TO THEIR ENORMOUS CAPITAL,
THEY HAVE THE TENDENCY TO
INTERFERERE AND INFLUENCE THE
INTERNAL AFFAIRS OF HOST COUNTRIES
 OUTSIDE –IN-VIEW

.regards globalization as an exogenous

process (outside) that is making a
profound impact on state affairs. States
have become powerless to the forces of
the market. In other words, globalization is
undermining the contemporary interstate
system
 INSIDE-OUT-VIEW

GLOBALIZATION RECOGNIZES THAT STATES ARE

THE INFUENCING THE LEVEL OF GLOBAL
INTERCONNECTEDNESS TODAY. IT EMPHASIZES
THAT GLOBALIZATION IS NOT AN INDEPENDENT
PHENOMENON THAT TAKES PLACE IN A
VACUUM.WHILE IT AFFECT STATES, STATES ALSO
AFFECT GLOBALIZATION. IT ALSO MEANS THAT
STATES DO NOT REJECT BUT INSTEAD ADJUST
THEMSELVES TO IT.