ILLUSTRATION 5-1

In the following figure, activity A must be completed first before activity

B can be started. Likewise, activity B must be completed first before
starting activity C.

A B C
 ILLUSTRATION 5-2
In the following diagram, both activity A and activity B has to be
completed first before activity C can begin. But A and B could be worked
on at the same time. Performance of A is dependent of the performance
of B.

B
 ILLUSTRATION 5-3
If activity must precede B and C, the network will be as follows.

C
 ILLUSTRATION 5-4
When several activities enter a node, it means that all those activities
must be completed first before any activities that will begin at that node
can start. Thus, in the following diagram, activity A and activity B must
be finished first before either activity C or activity D can start.

A C

B D
 ILLUSTRATION 5-5
When two activities have the same start and ending nodes, a dummy
node and activity is used to preserve the different identity of each
activity. In the following diagram, activity A and activity B must be
completed first before activity C begins.

B D

dummy

A C
 ILLUSTRATION 5-6

The primary function of dummy is to clarify relationships. But as far as

time is concerned, a dummy activity has an activity time equals to zero.
For clarity, nodes are numbered typically from left to right

A C

dummy

B D
 ILLUSTRATION 5-7
From the following network, activities A and B both precede activity C.
But D's start is dependent only on completion of activity B, and not on
activity A's. Similarly E is dependent on C.

E
A
dummy

B D
 ILLUSTRATION 5-8
Starting and ending arrows are sometimes used during development of
a network diagram for more clarity.

A C
E

Start

B D F

End