DENTAL

ANATOMY
• Teeth are dental structures that develop in
mandible and maxilla as parts of the digestive
system
• They perform masticatory functions: cut and
grind food for the purpose of ingestion
A toot is divided into two main
parts, the crown and the root
The four tooth tissues are enamel, dentin,
cementum and dental pulp
 Enamel
• In the body, enamel is
the hardest tissue,
• forms the outer surface
of the crown,
ÞThus making the tood
able to withstad a great
amount of stress,
chewing presure and
temperature change.
 Dentin
• Dentin forms the main
portion or body of the tooth
• Dentin is a hard, dense,
calcified tissue
• It is softer than enamel but
harder than cementum or
bone
• Dentin is wrapped in an
envelope of enamel, which
covers the crown, and an
envelope of cementum,
which covers the root
 Cementum
• Cementum is the tissue that
covers the root and the neck of
the tooth in a very thin layer
• It is not as hard as enamel or
dentin, but it is harder than
bone
• There are two types of
cementum:
 Primary cementum
 Secondary cementum
 The pulp
• The pulp is located in
the center of the tooth,
and is surrounded by
dentin
• The pulp cavity is
divided into two areas:
the pulp chamber and
the pulp canals
 The pulp
• The pulp is composed of blood
vessels, lymphatics, connective
tissue, and nerve tissue
• Vessels and nerves of the pulp
enter the root apex through a
small aperture at the base of
each root call apical foramen
• The pulp nourishes the tooth
and repairs dentin
• The nerve supply in the pulp
transmits the signals of
sensitivity and through apical
foramen
• The tooth sockets are covered
with soft tissue known as the
gum/Gingiva
• The tooth is attached to its
socket in the jaw with the
periodontal membrane
(periodontal ligament)
• The upper teeth are set in an
immovable fondation, and
the process of chewing is
enaabled by the movement of
the lower teeth against the
upper ones