DENTAL ENAMEL

- Ectodermic tissue that covers the anatomical crown of the tooth

- It’s acellular but is created by ameloblasts

- Variable thickness

- Color : White/Blue

- Hardness : 200 – 500 Knoop, 5 Mohs scale

- Fragility:

- High elasticty module

- Low resistance to tension forces

- Permeability:

- Radiopacity:

Enamel structure:

 Avascular.

 Acellular.

 Without innervation.

 Unable to self-repair

 It does not have …

ENAMEL PRISM: enamel’s structural, formed by long hexagonal hidroxyapatite cristals

• Wavy disposition: perpendiculars to dental surface.

AMELODENTINAL JUNCTION

• Area where enamel joins dentin

• Scalloped arquitechture, concavities that are oriented towards the dentin

• Rich in proteins

DENTIN

Covered by enamel (coronal portion) and cementum (root portion)

Biggest part of the dental volume.

Necessary shape and rigidity for chewing

Internal part limits with the pulp

Colour/shade: pale yellow

Harder than bone and cementum

Softer and less fragile than enamel

Very permeable tissue

Dentinogenesis: It’s the formation of dentin. (description in class)

Dentin types

PRIMARY DENTIN

It’s formed from the start of the dental development, before eruption, until root is completed.

It’s a regular tubular dentin

It includes the mantle dentin, which is less mineralizez and it’s the first dentin to form.

SECONDARY DENTIN

- Less regular and less mineralized than primary dentin

- Secondary dentin is formed after root formation is finished.

- Occurs at a much slower rate

TERTIARY DENTIN

Also called: … reparative dentin … reactive dentin … neodentin … irritation dentin …

It’s created due to harmful stimulus.

It’s created by odontoblasts in the affected región.

Quantity and quality depend on stimulus, it can even include cells.

PREDENTIN

It’s the matrix of non-mineralized dentin that is found in the periphery of the dentin that limits
with the pulp.
Structural components of the dentin

- DENTINAL TUBULS: small, wavy, branching tubes or canals in the dentin that contain
tisular liquid

- DENTIN

Peritubular: continouos formation, hypermineralized ring

Intertubular: biggest part of the tooth, it has more collagen and it’s less mineralized

Interglobular: Areas of non-mineralised/hipomineralised dentin. Occupies the Czermak spaces

Granular layer of Tomes: A thin layer of dentin adjacent to the cementum, appearing granular,
occupying empty spaces

DENTAL PULP

- Unmineralized component of the dentin-pulp complex

- Conjunctive tissue rich in fibers, blood vessels and nerves

- It occupies…

BLOOD AND LIMPHATIC IRRIGATION

TOOTH INERVATION

DENTAL PULP CELLS: fibroblasts (the main cell) - odontoblasts - defence cells like histiocytes -
macrophage - granulocytes - mast cells - plasma cells …

ODONTOBLASTS (DENTINOBLASTS)

Body: found in the periphery of the pulp Citoplasmatic prolongations: found in the dentin
Bigger in the coronal area than in the root

During rest: flat, little citoplasm

During dentinogenesis: citoplasm increases in size (can reach the ADJ)

DENTAL PULP FUNCTIONS… (!!)

-
ROOT CEMENTUM

* HARD CONNECTIVE TISSUE * NON VASCULAR * NO INERVATION * PERIODONTAL LIGAMENT

It’s created during the whole life of the tooth

CEMENTUM TYPES

A : NON – CELULAR: Majority of extrinsic fibers

B : CELULAR Majority of intrinsic fibers

CEMENTOBLASTS - In charge of cementum formation - Located on the root surface (betwen

periodontal fibers)

CEMENTOCITS - When cementoblasts get trapped betwen the spaces in the matrix