NATIONAL EDUCATIONAL POLICY 2020

Introduction
NEP 2020
School education

Higher education

Technology

Financing and implementation

Introduction :
2020
The national educational policy 2020 was approved by the union
cabinet of India on 29th July 2020.

Dr. K Kasturirangan was the chairman of national education policy

2020 committee.
This is the third education policy of India (first education policy of 1992
21st century) that has replaced 34 years old education policy ( NPE
1986/1992).

1986
 NEED OF NEP 2020
Two notable observations from supreme court of
India
• 1.”Todays education failed to reform human behavior “ and
• 2.”With increase in literacy level , There is decline in human values
in the society” .
Hence call for transformation in education system
The Union cabinet in July 2020 approved the New Education
Policy (NEP), which aims at universalization of education from
pre-school to secondary level.
The NPE 2020 aims at making “India a global knowledge superpower”.

Its main focus on-

• Fostering unique capabilities of each student.
• Curriculum flexibility.
• Critical thinking.
• Multilingualism
• Inclusion
 Highlights of NEP 2020

Age 3-8 (5) Age 8-11 (3) Age 11-14(3) Age 14-18 (4)
 SCHOOL EDUCATION
• Changes in academic structure— the 10+2 format is replaced by 5+3+3+4 format.

4 years ( class 9-
4 12 ) Secondary stage

3 3 years ( class 6-8 ) Middle stage

3 3 years ( class 3-5 )

Preparatory stage

2 years ( class 1-2 )

5 Foundational stage
3 years ( Pre- school)
 Foundational Stage
(5 years)

3 years 2 years
(Ages 3- (Ages 6-
6) 8)
๏ Pre primary school/ ๏ Class 1 and Class 2
Anganwadi
Early Childhood Care and Education (ECCE ) provision under Foundational stage

The main aim of ECCE- Holistic development of child.

ECCE teachers in aganwadis will be trained.

Teachers with qualifications of 10 + 2 Teachers with lower educational

and above qualification

6 month certificate program One year diploma program

 Preparatory Stage
(3 years)
(Age groups 9, 10 and 11 years)

Classes 3rd , 4th and 5th

Start of exam.

Activity based learning

 Middle Stage
(3 years)
(Age groups 12, 13 and 14 years)

Classes 6th, 7th and 8th .

Basic coding and vocational education will be introduced in this stage.

One of the Indian languages to be taught at this stage(optional) e.g; Sanskrit.

10 days internship programmes will be run with local vocational experts such as
carpenter, gardners, potters etc.
 Secondary Stage
(4 years)
(Age groups 15, 16, 17 and 18 years)

Classes 9th, 10th and 11th and 12th

Board exams for 10th and 12th will be continued.

Students will be given a second chance at boards to improve their scores.

There will be no hard separation among arts, commerce and science streams.
 Some other features at school level

๏ Language

"Wherever possible, the medium of instruction until at least

Grade 5, but preferably till Grade 8 and beyond, will be the
home language, mother tongue, local language or the
regional language.

‣ NOT MANDATORY FOR STATES.

 ๏ Three language formula

First language
Second language Third language

🔘 In hindi speaking states: english or

Mother tongue or
modern Indian language English or modern Indian
regional language
🔘 In non-hindi speaking state: english or language
hindi

The three language formula will be continue but no language would be

imposed on anyone.
๏ Curriculum
Reduction in curricular content.

The school curricula will aim for holistic development of learner.

Students will have increased flexibility and choices of subjects.

Both curricular and extra curricular activities will be treated at the

same level.

A new and comprehensive national curricular framework for school

education (NCFSE) will be developed by NCERT.
๏ Holistic progress card
Redesign progress cards in schools to make them
holistic, 360 degree and multidimensional.

Progress card will include self assessment, peer

assessment and teacher assessment.

The holistic progress card will actively involve parents in their

children’s education and development.
 ๏ Inclusive education

Includes all types of learners Focus on Socio-economic disadvantaged

groups (SEDGs)
Provide equal opportunities

Gender identities
Geographical identities
Socio-culture identities
disabilities
Socio-economic identities
Gender inclusion Fund

The NEP 2020 Inclusion Fund has been constituted

by the Government of India to ensure that equitable
quality education is provided to all students, especially
those from Socio-Economic Empowerment (SEDGs).
Children with special needs (CWSN)

Children with special needs will be integrated in the regular schooling process
from the foundational stage to higher education.

NIOS will be develop high quality modules to teach Indian sign language.

Certificate courses for pre service and in-service teachers to become special
educators.

PARAKH— Monitoring achievement of learning outcome in the country.

 HIGHER EDUCATION

Graduation programs will be run with multiple entry and

exit option. Students will get a certificate after each year.
● 1st year: students will get certificate.
● 2nd year: Students will get advance diploma.
● 3rd year: students will get Bachelor’s degree.
● 4th year: students will get Bachelor’s degree with
research.
 Academic bank of credit

Academic Bank of Credits (ABC) is a virtual/digital

storehouse that contains the information of the credits
earned by individual students throughout their learning
journey.

It will enable students to open their accounts and give

multiple options for entering and leaving colleges or
universities.

• The validity will be upto seven years, hence, students will have to rejoin within
seven years
 Higher Education Commission of India
(HECI)

The HECI will replace the university grant commission(UGC).

The main aim of HECI to improve the standard of higher education.

Phasing out of the affiliation of colleges in 15 years.

Multidisciplinary universities and colleges.

At leat one university in or near every district.

Master’s program

2 years for those who have 3 years bachelor’s degree.

1 year for those who have 4 year bachelor’s degree with research.

Integrated 5 years bechelor’s and master’s program.

 M Phil and PhD program

M Phil has been discontinued as part of NEP 2020

Students can pursue Ph.D after master’s or 4 year bachelor’s degree.

4 year UG students with at least 7.5 CGPA eligible for PhD.

Bachelor’s in education (B.Ed)

By 2030 the minimum degree qualification for teaching will be a 4 year

integrated B.Ed

2 years b.ed will also be offered for those who have bachelor’s degree.

1 year b.ed will also be offered for those who have 4 year multidisciplinary
bachelor’s degree or master’s degree.
 Academics…

Credits from value based courses

like
Inclusion of credits from ODL
• Righteous conduct (Dharma)
• Peace (Shanti)
Internships Vocational education
• Love (Prem) • Research
• Non-violence (Ahimsa) etc.
• Industry
Teaching Learning & Assessment

Complete freedom to decide on

• Curricular aspects
• Pedagogical methods
• Assessment
• Test books and reference materials…

Broad guidelines can be given by

the institution
• Grading
• Evaluation

Students will most probably be

joining for a course rather than a
programme
Faculty Related
• High quality infrastructure
• No excessive work load
• Teaching
• Teacher student ratio
• No transfer
• Freedom to design curriculum, decide on pedagogy and
assessment
• Incentives for
• Research
• Extension activities
• Holistic contributions
• Transparent recruitment
• Outstanding and enthusiastic institutional leaders
• Continuous training to Faculty Members
• Mentoring for Faculty Members
 Advantages of New Education Policy 2020

• The Government aims to make schooling available to everyone with the help of
NEP 2020.
• Approximately two crore school students will be able to come back to educational
institutes through this new approach.
• For children up to the age of 8, a National Curricular and Pedagogical Framework
for Early Childhood Care and Education will be designed and developed by
NCERT.
• One of the merits of NEP 2020 is the formation of National Book promotion Policy
in India.
• Appropriate authorities will conduct the school examinations for grades 3, 5 and 8.
The board exams for grades 10 and 12 will continue but the NEP 2020 aims to re-
design the structure with holistic development.
• This new plan focuses on setting up a Gender Inclusion Fund. Special Education
Zones for disadvantaged regions and groups is also in the focused list.
• Special daytime boarding school “Bal Bhavans” to be established in every state/
district in India. This boarding school will be used for participation in activities
related to play, career, art.
• By 2022, in consultation with teachers and expert organizations, NCERT, SCERTs,
the National Council for Teacher Education will develop a common National
Professional Standards for Teachers (NPST).
• SSSA or independent State School Standards Authority will be set up by the states/
UTs.
• According to the national education policy 2020, an Academic Bank of Credit will
be established. The credits earned by the students can be stored and when the final
degree gets completed, those can be counted.
• Multidisciplinary Education and Research Universities at par with
the IITs and IIMs will be set up in the country. These are scheduled
to be set up for introducing multidisciplinary academic.
• The same list of accreditation and regulation rules will be used for
guiding both the public and private academic bodies.
• Phased out college affiliation and autonomy will be granted to
colleges.
• By the year 2030, it will be mandatory to have at least a four year B.
Ed degree for joining the occupation of teaching.
• For making the students prepared for future pandemic situations,
online academic will be promoted on a larger scale.
 Drawbacks of the New Education Policy
• In the National Education Policy 2020, language is a negative factor as
there is a problematic teacher to student ratio in India, thus introducing
mother languages for each subject in academic institutes is a problem.
• Sometimes, finding a competent teacher becomes a problem and now
another challenge comes with the introduction of the NEP 2020, that is
bringing study material in mother languages.
• According to the national education policy 2020, students willing to
complete their graduation have to study for four years while one can
easily complete his/ her diploma degree in two years. This might
encourage the pupil to leave the course midway.
• According to the national education policy 2020, students of
the private schools will be introduced with English at a much
earlier age than the students of the Government schools.
• The academic syllabus will be taught in the respective
regional languages of the Government school students.
• This is one of the major new education policy drawbacks as
this will increase the number of students uncomfortable in
communicating in English thus widening the gap between
sections of the societies.
NEP -2020
Technology Use
and Integration
TECHNOLOGY IN EDUCATION
Divyang friendly educational software.

e-content in various languages.

Virtual labs.

ICT equipped libraries to be set up.

Expansion of existing e-learning platforms like DIKSHA and

SWAYAM.
Digital India Campaign
Improving the Creativity of
tech savvy teachers
Student entrepreneurs
Teacher as a Researcher

• Teaching problems
• Technology integration
• Immediate solution for pedagogical issues
Are teachers a prosumer or a consumer of
technology?
Teacher as a Data Analyst
and Data manager
Teacher as a lifelong learner
Remote
learning
 Simulations AR/VR Online tests

Variety of learning tools for

teaching, learning and assessment
Catering to the multiple needs of children (CWSN
and Others)

• Adjusting fonts
• Audio Books
• Retina attention span testing
• Digital braille script
• Musical apps/software
3D, 7D
 Virtual labs

• http://www.olabs.edu.in/

• https://www.vlab.co.in/
Cyber security
https://www.infosecawareness.in/
Health and technology

Eye exercise
Water remainder
foot step counter
Arogya setu app
Eco-friendly
technology
Digital garbage
• Hardware
• Software
 Functions of NETF

build intellectual and organize multiple regional

envision strategic thrust areas articulate new directions for
institutional capacities in and national conferences,
in this domain research and innovation
educational technology workshops, etc
TECHNOLOGICAL INTERVENTIONS
improving teaching learning and evaluation processes

supporting teacher preparation and professional development

enhancing educational access

streamlining educational planning, management, and

administration(admission ,attendance,assessments,etc..
 NEP-2020

• A rich variety of educational software, for all the above purposes, will be
developed and made available for students and teachers at all levels

• All such software will be available in all major Indian languages and will be
accessible to a wide range of users including students in remote areas and
Divyang students.

• Teaching-learning e-content will continue to be developed by all States in all

regional languages, as well as by the NCERT, CIET, CBSE, NIOS, and other
bodies/institutions, and will be uploaded onto the DIKSHA platform
 Artificial Intelligence (AI)
3D/7D Virtual Reality

• The National Research Foundation will initiate or

expand research efforts in the technology. In the
context of AI
NRF may consider a three-pronged approach

(a) advancing core AI research,

(b) developing and deploying application-based
research, and
(c) advancing international research efforts to
address global challenges in areas such as
healthcare, agriculture, and climate change using
AI.
 • HEIs will play an active
role not only in
conducting research on
Conducting Research Disruptive
technologies

disruptive technologies
but also in creating
initial versions of
HEI Online courses in cutting edge domains

instructional materials
and courses including
online courses in cutting-
edge domains and
Creating Instructional materials Initial versions

assessing their impact on

specific areas such as
professional education.
• Universities will aim to offer Ph.D. and
Masters programme in core areas such as
Machine Learning as well as
multidisciplinary fields “AI + X” and
professional areas like health care,
agriculture, and law. They may also develop
and disseminate courses in these areas via
platforms, such as SWAYAM
 Online and Digital Education
Ensuring Equitable Use of Technology
Suitable training and development to be effective online
educators.
Given the emergence of digital technologies
and the emerging importance of leveraging
technology for teaching-learning at all levels
from school to higher education
Key initiatives of this NEP-2020
(a) Pilot studies for online education
(b) Digital infrastructure
(c) Online teaching platform and tools
(d) Content creation, digital repository, and dissemination
(e) Addressing the digital divide
(f) Virtual Labs
(g) Training and incentives for teachers
(h) Online assessment and examinations
(i) Blended models of learning
(j) Laying down standards
Creating a Dedicated Unit for Building of World
Class, Digital Infrastructure, Educational Digital
Content and Capacity
MAKING IT
HAPPEN
 FINANCING & IMPLEMENTATION
Institutions can decide on fees through statutory Should provide for the holistic development of Substantial increase in the remuneration to Faculty
bodies students Members

Financial
Scholarships
allocation for High quality
to deserving
clubs and support centres
students
associations
 FINANCING AND IMPLEMENTATION

The current public (centre + states) expenditure on

education in india has been around 3.5% of GDP.

NEP target — 6% of GDP

The successful implementation of the policy will require the

involvement and cooperation of all stakeholders, including
policymakers, educators, students, and parents.
 Regulatory Bodies

National Higher Education Regulatory Council (NHERC) To bring in equity and transparency in HEIs

National Accreditation Council (NAC)

Supervising & coordinating the accreditation bodies

Higher Education Grants Council (HEGC) Provide financial support

General Education Council (GEC) Decide on the outcomes of Educaiton

Higher Education Council of India (HECI) Umbrella body to coordinate the other four
 CONCLUSION

With the introduction of NEP 2020, many changes have been

made and one of those is the discontinuation of M. Phil course.
Even though there are many drawbacks in the new education
policy, the merits are more in number. It is believed by many that
by implementing these changes, the Indian academic system will
be taken a step higher.
REFERENCES
• https://www.education.gov.in/sites/upload_files/mhrd/files/NEP_Final_English_0.pdf
THANK
YOU