MBEYA UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (MUST)

DEPARTMENT: ELECTRICAL AND POWER ENGINEERING

COURSE: BACHELOR OF ELECTRICAL AND ELECTRONICS ENGINEERING
ACADEMIC YEAR: 2023/2024
PROJECT TITLE: DESIGN OF GROUND RESISTANCE MONITORING SYSTEM IN
DISTRIBUTION TRANSFROMER/SUBSTATION AT TANESCO-MBEYA
SUPERVISOR: ENG. S M BROWN
PRESENTED BY: ABEL EMMANUEL
 Introduction
Grounding or earthing in electrical system is very important. The proposed
system will be monitoring the ground resistance to the distribution transformer
automatically with help of sensor vision which will be sending the feedback
signal to the microcontroller whenever the ground resistance is not normal the
microcontroller will command the global system for mobile communication to
send notification to the substation engineer, on other hand when the problem is
not solved on specified period of time the transformer will be isolated from the
electric power for safety purpose as well as the notification will be sent to the
substation engineer in order to notify that the transformer has been isolated due
to the poor grounding.
 Problem Statement

An earthing system on the distribution transformer protects against surge voltage

caused by lightning strikes and other faults. However, the ground earthing system
degrades over time, which is why the substation technician is currently required to
visit and assess the state of the ground resistance in order to take appropriate action or
correct the grounding system .Some of transformers get damaged due to poor earthing
are 50KVA,100KVA,200KVA,315KVA . The purpose of
this study is to design a system that uses sensor vision to automatically monitor the
ground resistance to the distribution transformer and deliver a feedback signal to the
microcontroller .
 Project Objectives
The objectives of this project are divided into two main categories, the
main objective and the specific objectives.

Main Objective

The main objective of this project is to design the ground resistance

monitoring system in distribution transformer.
 Specific Objectives

i. To design a resistance-sensing unit

ii. To design the control circuit

iii.To simulate, build and test the prototype.

 Significance of the Project

i. The system will be able to monitor ground resistance hence protect

electrical equipment example transformers

ii. It will ensure safety to the transformer

iii.It will avoid unnecessary cost of buying new transformer which could
get damaged due to poor earthing.
 SCOPE/LIMITATION OF THE PROJECT
i. The system will not be able to operate on network problem (mobile
network)
 -END-

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