Police Blotter

PCMS Ryan P Borcelis

RIDMD, PRO5
 References
 Circular Number 5 “Prescribing a Uniform Police Blotter for the PNP”

 PNP MEMORANDUM CIRCULAR Number 2014-009 “PNP Memorandum Circular on Crime Incident
Recording System”;

 Manual in Handling Cases of Children at Risk and Children in Conflict with the Law (October 2016);

 Revised PNP Operational Procedure (December 2013);

 2011 Criminal Investigation Manual (Revised);

 SOP No. 2012-001: Incident Recording System (Procedure in Recording Incident Reports in the
Police Blotter); and

 Memorandum Circular No. 2020-037 “Police Blotter and CIRAS Information Access
 Police Blotter

- Is a logbook that contains the daily registry of all

crime incident reports, official summaries of arrest,
and other significant events reported in a police
station. (Rule 17.1, POP)

- a 18”x12” blue or pink logbook with hard bound

cover that contains the daily register of all crime
incident reports, official summary of arrest and
other significant events/activities reported in the
police station. (Para 4(j) of PNP MEMORANDUM
CIRCULAR Number 2014-009)
Cont…….

Each PNP operating unit shall maintain

an official police blotter where all types of
operational and undercover dispatches shall
be recorded containing the five “Ws” (who,
what, where, when and why) and one “H”
(how) of an information.
 Importance of the Police Blotter

- Blotter entry reports serve as a permanent

record of incidents, events, problems, and so forth.
There are many types of reports, each of which serves
different functions. A police blotter is used to keep
people informed of the activities within the police
jurisdiction. It is also used to compile statistical
information, identify problems in the community, or
identify police training needs. These reports are
needed to facilitate investigations, prepare court cases,
defend cases in court. . (Para 5b, 2 of SOP No. 2012-
001
 Maintenance of Police Blotter
Blue Blotter - Contains the daily registry of all crime
incident reports, official summaries of arrest, and
other significant events reported in a Police
Station/Unit; and

Pink Blotter - Contains the daily registry of all crime

incident reports involving Violence Against Women
and Children, Trafficking in Person, and other
Gender-Based Violence such as those provided for
in PNP policies and Philippine laws.
 Maintenance of Police Blotter

• All stations should only maintain an official Police Blotter and

an official Police Blotter IRF. As such, it is discouraged, and is
henceforth unauthorized, that logbook, notebook, or any
other materials used. (Para 5, sub para b(12), SOP No. 2012-
001)
 Basic Guidelines

The narrative written in the IRF shall basically be the record

that shall be transcribed in the Police Blotter. While it is in
narrative form, it is prudent, however, to list down some
necessary information in the Police Blotter in itemized or
outline form. This shall answer the necessary requirements of 5
W’s and 1H. (Para 5, sub-para b(3), SOP No. 2012-001)
 Affixing Signatures and Contact Details

As soon as the incident is transcribed in the police blotter, the Desk

Officer and the reporting person shall sign in the Police Blotter. It should
be indicated under the name and signature of the reporting person, his
address, contact numbers, and IDs presented.

In the event that the reporting person indicates that he does not
want his contact details to be recorded in public record as the police
blotter, by reason of privacy, the same should not be recorded, as a
matter of respect to the person’s rights, but it should, however, be
indicated in the IRF. (Para 5b, 3(g) of SOP No. 2012-001)
 Turned over to Police Investigator

- It is the duty of the police officer who is in-charge of

the Police Blotter to lodge the complaint to the proper
investigator who will handle the case. The investigator
should interview the complainant on the nature of his
complaint and ensure that all entries therein are
complete to prevent duplication and relieve the
complainant from repeating its narration. (Para 5, sub-
para A(13),SOP No. 2012-001)
 Amendment to Report

If the complainant desires to amend or make supplemental

of his complaint, the investigator shall inform the officer-in-
charge of the blotter to make necessary corrections and state
therein that it amends or supplements the previous report and
shall place the signature both of the complainant and officer-in-
charge of the blotter. (Para 5, sub-para A(16),SOP No. 2012-
001)
 Police Blotter for Cases involving
Women and Children

A separate Police Blotter, however, shall be

maintained for crime incident reports involving violence
against women and children and those cases involving a
child in conflict with the law to protect their privacy
pursuant to Republic Act (RA) 9262 (Anti-Violence
Against Women and Children Act of 2004) and RA 9344
(Juvenile Justice and Welfare Act of 2006), respectively.
(Rule 17.2, POP)
 WCPD Police Blotter
A separate Police Blotter, however, shall be maintained for
offenses requiring confidentiality like violence against women
and children and those cases involving a child in conflict with
the law to protect their privacy pursuant to R.A. 9262 (Anti-
Violence Against Women and Children Act of 2004) and R.A.
9344. (Protocol 2. Official Police Blotter)
 WCPD Police Blotter

Ensure the confidentiality of identity of the victim and

all other parties directly involved with the case under
investigation. For this purpose, the WCPD officer must
maintain a separate blotter on crimes committed under the
Act. Under no circumstances shall any police officer allow
media access to information concerning VAWC reported to
PNP. (Protocol 3.11.10, Protocols of Investigation, 2013
CIM)
 WCPD Police Blotter
Maintaining the Pink Blotter for CICL

Only the WCPD shall make an entry in the Pink Blotter. The
information about the case containing five “Ws” and one “H”
shall be recorded in the blotter and the CIRS/ e-Blotter
(Chapter 8, Section 8-1, Manual in Handling Cases of Children
at Risk and CICL)
 Extent of Confidentiality

Exclude the public and other police officers

who are not working on the case from the
proceedings and from the area where the CICL is
held in custody (Chapter 9 para c, Manual in
Handling Children at Risk and Children in Conflict
with the Law)
 Crime Incident Reporting System (CIRS)

Each PNP operating unit shall also maintain and

utilize the PNP Crime Incident Reporting System (CIRS),
an electronic reporting system that facilitates crime
documentation, modernizes data storage and provides
quick and reliable transmission of crime information
from lower units and NOSUs of the PNP to the National
Headquarters at Camp Crame, Quezon City. (Rule 17.3,
POP)
 Blotter Procedure

Before entry into the blotter book, the Duty Officer

(DO) should first evaluate if the report is a crime incident,
arrest or event/activity, which is for records purposes only.
If the report is a crime incident, the DO shall first
accomplish the Incident Record Form (IRF) from which the
entry in the blotter book and IRS shall be extracted. All
other reports shall be recorded directly to the blotter
book. (PNP SOP No. 2012-001 “Incident Recording
System”; Rule 17.4, POP)
 Official Police Blotter

A Police Blotter is an 18” x 12” logbook with

hard-bound cover that contains the daily register
of all crime incident reports, official summary of
arrests, and other significant events reported in a
police station. (Protocol 2, Protocols of
Investigation, 2013 CIM)
 Desk Officer (DO)

- Is the duty PNCO in the police station detailed to receive

and record complaints and reports of crime incidents and
dispatches in the police blotter. He is also responsible for
initially attending to requests for police assistance. (PNP
Memo Circular 2014-009 “Crime Incident Recording System”)
 Duty of Desk Officer

The duty police officer shall record the nature

of the incident in the police blotter containing the
five “W”s (who, what, where, when and why) and
one “H” (how) of the information and inform his
superior officer or the duty officer regarding the
occurrence of such incident. (Protocol 2.d, Criminal
Investigation Manual)
 Duty of Desk Officer

In answering the above 5 Ws and 1 H and the Case

Disposition, all such material details about the incident,
including the nature of the action or offense; the Date,
Time, and Place of Occurrence; the names of the suspect/s,
the victim/s, the witness/es, if any; facts of the case;
significant circumstances that aggravate or mitigate the
event or the crime should be entered along with the identity
of the officer to whom the case is assigned (Officer-on-
case); and, the status of the case. (Rule 2.e, Criminal
Investigation Manual)
 Duty of Desk Officer

The Desk Officer shall make a daily accounting of

all crime incidents reported into the police station and
referred to the Duty Investigator during his tour of
duty. The list shall be included and contained in the
daily journal. The Desk Officer shall likewise follow up
and review the status of the incidents referred by him
to the Duty Investigator. (Para 5(b), 2(i), of PNP
Memorandum Circular Number 2014-009 “PNP
Memorandum Circular on Crime Incident Recording
System”)
 Circular No. 5 &
NAPOLCOM Res No. 2009-
707
 Police Blotter Entry Number
Entry No Date Time Incidents/Events Disposition

2020-10- September 3:00 Complete and accurate

01 2, 2020 p.m narrative of the incident Referred to
PSMS
Cimanes

W-2020- September 3:00 Complete and accurate

10-01 2, 2020 p.m narrative of the incident Referred to
PSMS
Cimanes
 Entry in the Police Blotter

In answering 5W’s and 1H and the case disposition, all

such material details about the event, including the names of
the suspects; the victim; witnesses, if any; the nature of the
action or offense; the possible motive; the place; the date of
occurrence; significant circumstances that aggravate or mitigate
the event or the crime should be entered along the identity of
the officer to whom the case is assigned (Officer-In-Case); and
the status of the case.
 Procedures in Making Entries

 Shall be handwritten in a clear, concise and simple manner but

answering as far as practicable 5W’s and 1H. Clarity should no be
sacrificed for brevity;

 Only facts, not opinions are entered in the blotter;

 No erasures shall be made on the entries. Corrections are made by

drawing of a horizontal line over such word or phrases and the actual
entries initialed by the police officer making the correction;
 Procedures in Making Entries

 A ballpen or pen with a blue, or black ink is used for making the
entries;

 Misrepresentation in the blotter or any attempt to suppress any

information in the police blotter is criminally and administratively
punishable;

The entries must be legibly written in long hand and

consecutively numbered;
 Procedures in Making Entries

 Every page of the blotter shall be consecutively or

chronological filled-up. No line or space shall be left
blank between any two entries;

Any development of a case to be reflected in the

blotter should be a new entry at the time and day it
was reported. A reference to the previous entry
number of the case shall, however, be made; and
 Procedures in Making Entries

 In every shift , the Duty Sergeant, under the

supervision of the Duty Officer or Duty
Complaint Desk Officer, shall make the actual
entries in the blotter and at the end of his
tour of duty, both the duty Sergeant and
Duty/Complaint Desk Officer shall sign the
blotter.
 Blotter Procedures

Crime incidents, arrests or events/activities shall be recorded in the blotter

book by the DO.

If the report is a crime incident as verified by the DI, he/she shall

accomplish the Incident Record Form (IRF) (Annex “NN”) using Crime
Information Reporting and Analysis System (CIRAS) from which the entry in
the blotter book shall be extracted from.

If the incident falls under the jurisdiction of the Katarungang Pambarangay,

it shall al be recorded but indicated in disposition as referred to Barangay.

If the crime incident involves Children in Conflict with the Law (CICL),
always use a.k.a. or aliases when writing entries to blue blotter.
(Rule 6.2 (B), POP 2021)
 Investigative Directive 2019-003
“Standard Encoding of Police Blotter
Entry Number in the Police Blotter must be
encoded using the year, dash, followed by
month number, dash and last number
series.”
 Guidelines
 Year and month of the Police Blotter Entry
Number must be encoded based on the year
and month when the incident is reported;

 The least number series must be in

chronological order of the blotter entry.
 Guidelines
 Police Blotter Number shall only be reset every first day of
the new calendar year and not on the first entry of the new
Police Blotter Book after the previous book has consumed;
and

Example: Police Blotter No. 2019-01-01 (2019 represents

the year, 01 represents January and 01 for the number series)
 Guidelines
 For incidents involving women and children: Police Blotter
Entries recorded in the Pink Blotter Book shall be encoded with
initial letter "W" and shall also follow the paragraph 2(a)
above.

Ex. Police Blotter No. W-2019-01-01 (W represents that it is

an incident involving women and children, 2019 represents the
year, 01 represents January and 01 for the number series)
 Guidelines
 As much as possible ensure that every Police Blotter contains
the complete and accurate information of incident to include
the remarks in the "Disposition" Portion of the blotter book.
 Guidelines
 Ensure that the police blotter entry is written properly and
legibly in accordance with the instructions as provided in the
Police Blotter Book. Ex.

Entry Date Time Incident Dispositi

No s/events on
 Guidelines
 Police Blotter entries contain personal information of complainants,
victims, and suspects. Under the Data Privacy Act, the same shall not
be divulged to anyone unless they are among the real party-interest or
there is an order from the court. (Para 6, sub-para a.2, PNP MC 2020-
037)

Real party-interest – a party who stands to be benefitted or injured by

the judgment in the suit or the party entitled to the avails of the suit.
 Guidelines

 Access to police blotter and CIRAS shall be

limited to PNP personnel. All PNP personnel
who have accessed the information from the
police blotter, pink blotter, and CIRAS shall
maintain the confidentiality of all information
therein and ensure that such are free from
information leakage. (Para 6, sub-para a.3, PNP
MC 2020-037)
 Guidelines

 All information requests shall be denied except

those issued by the data subject or information
owner, or those issued by the courts. (Para 6,
sub-para a.4, PNP MC 2020-037)

Data Subject – refers to individual whose personal

information are processed.
 Guidelines
 All information from the pink blotter shall not be
divulged to anyone except those who are directly
involved in the investigation of the case. (Para 6,
sub-para a.4, PNP MC 2020-037)

.
 Guidelines
 Public officials and employees shall not use or
divulge, confidential or classified information
officially known to them by reason of their office
and not made available to the public either to
further their private interests, or give undue
advantage to anyone; or to prejudice the public
interests. (Para 6, sub-para a.6, PNP MC 2020-
. 037; Section 7, para (c), RA 6713)
 Guidelines
 All information requests from real party-interest
shall observe the process under the PNP FOI
Manual. Para 6, sub-para a.7, PNP MC 2020-037

.
Procedures of Request of Information

.
People’s Freedom of Information Manual

.
 LIST OF DETAILED EXCEPTIONS TO RIGHT OF ACCESS TO
INFORMATION

 Actions taken re COA Audit Findings

 Case Folders with complete attachments of Pending Cases
 Case Folders/Records of all Gender Based Cases (Violence against
Women, Violence Against Children and Children in Conflict with the Law)
 Contents/complete attachments of the folders of Decided Cases
 Crime Details such as victims and witnesses identity
 Digital evidence containing nudity and sexual acts
 Drafted decisions subject for approval of the Disciplinary Authority
 Information System Source Code
.
 Intensification of Police Operations
 LIST OF DETAILED EXCEPTIONS TO RIGHT OF ACCESS TO
INFORMATION

 Inter-Agency Committee on Legal Action Cases

 Investigation Competency Trainings (Order of Merit)
 Isolated Cases Involving Minor and Heinous Crime
 Investigation Report of Pending Cases
 List of PNP personnel who were found positive for drug use pending resolution of
their administrative cases in view of the Confidentiality Rule as provided by RA 9165
 Matters consulted to a lawyer by a PNP member
 Report on Internal Cleansing
 Specific location of person under custody at the PNP custodial service unit
 . Unit Crime Periodic Report (UCPER)
 Pink Blotter
 Denial of the Request
Grounds:
a. The information/public record/official record being requested is among
the limitations and exclusions stated in this manual;
b. There are grounds to believe that the request is being made with plainly
discernible improper motive (e.g. harassment) or other analogous
circumstances;
c. The purpose of the request is contrary to law, morals, or public policy;
d. The requesting party failed to comply with the requirements stated in this
manual;
e. The identity of the requesting party appears to be fictitious;
f. The requesting person has a derogatory record of having misused any
.information previously furnished to him/her; and
g. The information/public record/official record being requested is not in the
possession or control of the office;
 THE PNP FOI RECEIVING OFFICERS (FRO)
AND THE PNP FOI DECISION MAKERS (FDM)
Name of Location of the FOI Assigned FOI FOI Decision
Office Receiving Officer Receiving Officer Maker
PRO5 Office of the Regional Receiving Police Non Regional Director,
Freedom of Information Commissioned Police Regional
Section (RFOIS), Police Officer (PNCO) Office 5
Community Relations
Division

PPO/CPO Office of the Provincial Police Receiving Police Provincial

Freedom of Information Non-Commissioned Director/City
Desk (PFID), Police Officer (PNCO) Director
Community Relations
Section

Police Police Freedom of Receiving Police Chief of Police

Station Information Desk (CPFID), Non-Commissioned
Police Community Relations Officer (PNCO)
Section
Template of Document Request Form
FOI Standard Response Template
FOI Standard Response Template
FOI Standard Response Template
Composition of the PNP Appeals and Review Committee
Laws and Relevant
Jurisprudence
People vs Sorongon, G.R. No. 142416, February 11, 2003, reiterated in People Vs De leon, G.R. No. 187075, July 5, 2010

Entries in a police blotter, though regularly

done in the course of the performance of official
duty, are not conclusive proof of the truth of such
entries for they are often incomplete and
inaccurate. They, therefore, should not be given
undue significance or probative value as to the
facts stated therein. Blotter entries are merely
prima facie proofs of the facts stated therein”.[6
People vs. San Gabriel, G.R. 107735, February 1, 1996;
People vs Silva et.al. G.R. No. 131591 December 29,
1999

The entry in the police blotter is not necessarily

entitled to full credit for it could be incomplete and
inaccurate, sometimes from either partial
suggestions or for want of suggestions or inquiries,
without the aid of which the witness may be unable
to recall the connected collateral circumstances
necessary for the correction of the first suggestion of
his memory and for his accurate recollection of all
that pertain to the subject.
 Rule 130, Section 44, Rules of Court

Entries in official records made in the

performance of his duty by a public officer of
the Philippines, or by a person in the performance
of a duty specially enjoined by law are prima facie
evidence of the facts therein stated.
 Requisites for Admissibility of Police Blotter as
Exception to the Hearsay Rule

(a) That the entry was made by a public officer

or by another person specially enjoined by law
to do so;

(b) That it was made by the public officer in the

performance of his or her duties, or by such
other person in the performance of a duty
specially enjoined by law; and
 Requisites for Admissibility of Police Blotter

(c) That the public officer or other person had

sufficient knowledge of the facts by him or her
stated, which must have been acquired by the
public officer or other person personally or
through official information.
 .
Africa vs. Caltex, G.R. No. L-12986 , March 31, 1966;
Alvarez v. PICOP Resources, G.R. No. 162243, December 3, 2009

The presentation of the records themselves would,

therefore, have been admissible as an exception to
the hearsay rule even if the public officer/s who
prepared them was/were not presented in court,
provided the above requisites could be adequately
proven. In the case at bar, however, neither the
records nor the persons who prepared them were
presented in court.
 .
Africa vs. Caltex, G.R. No. L-12986 , March 31, 1966;
Alvarez v. PICOP Resources, G.R. No. 162243, December 3, 2009

“The presentation of the records themselves

would, therefore, have been admissible as an exception
to the hearsay rule even if the public officer/s who
prepared them was/were not presented in court,
provided the above requisites could be adequately
proven. In the case at bar, however, neither the records
nor the persons who prepared them were presented in
court”.
 McMer Corp. vs NLRC G.R. No. 193421, 4 June 2014

“It must be remembered that although police blotters are of little

probative value, they are nevertheless admitted and considered in the
absence of competent evidence to refute the facts stated therein.

Their probative value may be either substantiated or nullified by

other competent evidence”.
 People v. Amarela, G.R. No. 225642-43,
January 17, 2018

"Today, we cannot simply be stuck to the Maria

Clara stereotype of a demure and reserved
Filipino woman. We should stay away from such
mindset and accept the realities of a woman's
dynamic role in society today; she who has over
the years transformed into a strong and
confidently intelligent and beautiful person
willing to fight for her rights."
 People v. TañoG.R. No. L-11991, October 31, 1960

• "It is a well-known fact that women, especially Filipinos,

would not admit that they have been abused unless that
abuse had actually happened."

“Women’s Honor” or “Maria Clara” Doctrine

 People v. Belga, 349 SCRA 678

“Accused may be convicted on the basis of

the lone, uncorroborated testimony of a rape
victim, provided that her testimony is clear,
positive, convincing and otherwise consistent
with human nature.”
 People v. Baway, 350 SCRA 29

“The rule is when a rape victim’s testimony

is straightforward and candid, unshaken by rigid
cross-examination and unflawed by
inconsistencies or contradiction in its material
points, the same must be given full faith and
credit.”
 People v. Francisco, 350 SCRA 55

“It is simply improbable that private

complainants who are of tender ages, innocent
and guileless, would brazenly impute a crime so
serious as rape to a man, they consider their
father/stepfather, if it were not true.”
 People v. Francisco, 350 SCRA 55
“No mother would sacrifice her own
daughters, children of tender years, and subject
them to the rigors and humiliation of a public
trial for rape, if she was not motivated by an
honest desire to have her daughters’
transgressor punished accordingly.”
People vs. San Agustin, 359 SCRA 216

“Allegations of the exact time

and date of the commission of the
crime of rape are not decisive in a
prosecution for rape.”
 People v. Naag, 351 SCRA 707
“The date of the commission of the rape is not an essential
element of the crime as it is not determinative of its commission nor has
it any substantial bearing thereof, especially if the specific month the
crime was perpetrated is not material to the defense, which is a mere
denial that accused-appellant committed the acts imputed to him.”
People v. Torres, 350 SCRA 232

“Between the positive and categorical

testimony of a rape victim and the
accused’s bare denial, the former
generally prevails.”
 People v. Dichoson, 352 SCRA 56

“A medical examination is not an

indispensable requirement in prosecutions
for rape provided that the testimony of the
victim is credible.”
 People v. Blazo, 352 SCRA 94

“A medical examination and a medical

certificate are merely corroborative and are
not indispensable to the prosecution of rape
cases.”
 People v. Murillo, 352 SCRA 105

“An absence of hymenal

laceration does not negate rape.”
 People v. Sernadilla, 350 SCRA 243

“A child of tender years cannot be

expected to describe perfectly each and
every detail of her experience.”
 People v. Ronas, 350 SCRA 663

“Illumination produced by kerosene

lamp or flashlight is sufficient to allow
identification of persons.”
People v. Delamar, 350 SCRA 707

“In cases of rape, the prosecution

need not present the testimonies of
persons other than the offended party
herself if the same is accurate and
credible.”
 People v. De Villa, 351 SCRA 25; People v.
Elpedes, 350 SCRA 716; People v. Fernandez,
351 SCRA 80

“When a woman declared that she has

been raped, she says in effect all that is
necessary to mean that she has been raped
and where her testimony passes the test of
credibility, the accused can be convicted on the
basis thereof”
 People v. Bayod, 351 SCRA 162

“Relationship itself could strengthen the credibility in a

particular case, for it is unnatural for an aggrieved relative to
falsely accuse someone other than the actual culprit.”
Data Privacy Act
The Data Privacy Act of 2012
prohibits the disclosure of any personal information
without the consent of the data subject of the
information.

For example, a blotter entry which indicates the name,

age, and address of a suspect shall not be divulged to
anyone without the permission of the person concerned.
EXTENT OF LIABILITY OFFENSE COMMITED BY PUBLIC OFFICER :

The penalty shall be imposed upon THE RESPONSIBLE OFFICERS, as the case may be, who participated in, or by their gross negligence, allowed the commission of the crime.

Public official or Employee. He or she shall, in addition to the penalties prescribed, suffer perpetual or temporary absolute disqualification from office, as the case may be.

OFFENSE COMMITED BY PUBLIC OFFICER: An accessory penalty consisting in the disqualification to occupy public office for a term DOUBLE the term of criminal penalty imposed shall be applied.
PRINCIPLE OF ACCOUNTABILITY

Each PERSONAL INFORMATION CONTROLLER is responsible for

personal information under its control or custody, including
information that have been transferred to a third party for
processing, whether domestically or internationally, subject to
cross-border arrangement and cooperation.

The personal information controller is accountable for complying

with the requirements of the Data Privacy Act and shall use
contractual or other reasonable means to provide a comparable
level of protection while the information are being processed by a
third party.
 CONSENT OF THE DATA SUBJECT

Refers to any freely given, specific, informed indication of will,

whereby the data subject agrees to the collection and processing
of personal information about and/or relating to him or her.
Consent shall be evidenced by written, electronic or recorded
means. It may also be given on behalf of the data subject by an
agent specifically authorized by the data subject to do so .
 PERSONAL INFORMATION

Any information whether recorded in a

material form or not, from which the identity of
an individual is apparent or can be reasonably
and directly ascertained by the entity holding the
information, or when put together with other
information would directly and certainly identify
an individual.
 SENSITIVE PERSONAL INFORMATION

1.Race, ethnic origin, marital status, age, color, and religious, philosophical or
political affiliations.

2. Health, education, genetic or sexual life of a person, or to any proceeding

for any offense committed or alleged to have been committed by such
person, the disposal of such proceedings, or the sentence of any court in
such proceedings.

3. Information issued by government agencies peculiar to an individual

which includes, but not limited to, social security numbers, previous or
current health records, licenses or its denials, suspension or revocation, and
tax returns

4. Information specifically established by an executive order or an act of

Congress to be kept classified,
Thank You!