Wind Energy Harvesting Using

Triboelectric Nanogenerators
Government Engineering College Barton Hill

Guided by: Presented by:

Vivek V Kamal Rehan Sunil Dhas
Assistant professor S7 Mechanical
GECBH TRV20ME050
 Contents
• Seminar objectives
• Introduction
• Why WD-TENG
• Triboelectric nanogenerators
• Modes of Teng
• Models of WD-TENG
Rotary based TENG
Fluttering Double-flag Type TENG
Gravity TENG
• Output Analysis
• Methods to optimise WD-TENG
• Challenges
• Applications
• Conclusions
• References

2
 Seminar Objectives
• To obtain a deeper knowledge about triboelectric nanogenerators.
• To review the structure and mechanism of various models of wind energy harvesting which
utilizes TENG systems.
• To understand the applications, challenges and future prospects of WD-TENG.

3
 Introduction

• Wind energy harvesting using Triboelectric Nanogenerators (TENG) is an innovative approach

to harnessing wind power.
• They offer a compact and efficient method for converting wind energy into electrical power,
making them ideal for various applications, from small-scale devices to large-scale renewable
energy systems.
• TENGs are sustainable, environmentally friendly, and have the potential to contribute to a
cleaner and greener future.

4
 Why WD-TENG?

• To reduce the dependency on fossil fuels, mitigate climate change and ensure clean energy
future.
• Harvesting wind energy over a wide range.
• Broad selection of available materials.
• Eco-friendly.
• Various working modes customized for target applications.

5
 • Mechanical energy harvesting technology based on
triboelectric effect and electrostatic induction.
• Two different triboelectric materials, having opposite
polarities, come in contact and then separated or slid

Triboelectric against each other.

• Electron transfer takes place between the materials

Nanogenerators and electrostatic charges of opposite polarities are

developed on the surfaces of the triboelectric
materials.
• Materials chosen with the aid of Triboelectric series
that is quantified on the basis of triboelectric charge
density(TECD).

6
Modes of TENG
a) Contact Separation Mode
b) Sliding Separation Mode
c) Single Electrode Mode
d) Freestanding Mode

7
 • Rotary based TENG

• Fluttering Double-flag Type

Models of WD-TENG TENG

• Gravity TENG

8
 Rotary based TENG
• Components: Framework, shaft, flexible rotor blade,
two stators.
• Framework: Two perpendicular Acrylic rectangles,
shaft rod through bearings.
• Rotor Blade: Polyester (PET) film (125 μm) connected
to shaft for rotation.
• Stators: Two Al covered plates around the
circumference
• Triboelectric layer: PTFE film adhered to PET blade
as triboelectric layer. Al serves as counter triboelectric
layer and electrode. Metal film deposited between
PTFE and PET for induced charge transfer.

9
Mechanism of R-TENG

a) Original position without wind blow

b) PTFE is brought into contact with
Al stator
c) PTFE is sliding apart from the Al
surface
d) PTFE is separated from Al stator
e) PTFE approaching to the next Al
stator

10
Fluttering Double-flag Type
TENG
• Two FEP films fixed on acrylic support with a
specific gap distance.
• Wind field divided into internal and external flow
areas.
• Flags come into contact due to wind speed variation
and pressure difference between internal and external
flow areas.
• Ag electrode (100 nm thickness) evaporated on one
FEP film using electron beam evaporation.
• Two fixed FEP flags with Ag electrodes arranged in a
"back-to-back" setup.
• Forms a contact-separation mode TENG.

11
 Mechanism of FD-TENG

Flag Movement States:

I. Complete contact state: FEP and Ag electrode contact,
causing frictional charge transfer. Equal but opposite
charges produced on the contact surfaces.
II. Initial separation state: During separation, electric
field drives electrons, generating current output.
III. Maximal separation state: Achieves electrostatic
balance, resulting in zero current.
IV. Initial contact state: Contact renewal generates a
reverse current as potential difference decreases.

12
 Gravity TENG
Components:
• Energy Input Module
• Energy Storage Module
• Energy Output Module
Operational Sequence:
• Natural wind on wind scoop activates worm gear,
transmitting mechanical energy.
• Mechanical switch and crown gears control mass
block's movement.
• Mass block stores or releases gravitational potential
energy.
• Mass block drives rotor in generation unit via gear-
shifting unit.
13
 Mechanism of G-TENG

Current generation:
• Copper electrodes connected alternately in the external
circuit.
• FEP films and copper-1 generate opposite charges due
to different electronegativities.
• Continued motion brings FEP films in contact with
copper-2.
• Positive charges transfer from copper-1 to copper-2
through electrostatic induction.
• Reversed current produced when FEP films fully
separate from copper-2, initiating the next cycle.
• Ultimately generates alternating current.

14
 Output Analysis

Triboelectric Wind Speed Voltage Voc Current Isc Power

Model
layer (m/s) (V) (µA) (mW)

R-TENG PTFE and Al 15 250 250 62.5

FD-TENG FEP and Ag 10.6 140 12 1.68

G-TENG FEP and Cu 8-10 - 15±0.31 -

15
 Material Selection and Optimization:
• Identify and use triboelectric materials with high charge
density.
• Optimize the properties of materials to enhance triboelectric
performance.

Contact Area and Friction Material Enhancement:

Methods to • Increase the effective contact area between materials to
improve charge transfer.

Optimize WD- • Optimize the friction materials to enhance the triboelectric

performance.

TENG Integration of Multiple Units:

• Integrate multiple WD-TENG units to boost overall output
performance.

Hybridized with Other Types of Generators:

• Other types of energy sources including electromagnetic
generator (EMG), solar cell, etc can be coupled with WD-
TENG system.

16
 Understanding Triboelectrification Mechanism:
• Thorough comprehension of the fundamental mechanism of
triboelectrification is essential for WD-TENG development.
• Understanding the charge transfer process guides
optimization of output performance and applications.

Optimizing Triboelectric Materials:

• Triboelectric materials need significant optimization and
Challenges improvement.
• Addressing inevitable material abrasion during
triboelectrification is crucial for device durability and
extended working life.

Reducing Fabrication Costs:

• The cost of WD-TENG fabrication is relatively high for
large-scale integration.

17
Applications of
WD-TENG

18
 • WD TENG is an emerging technology having good potential
in efficiently harvesting wind energy over a wide range.
Networking will help in further enhancing the
output of the system.
• As for the common structures discussed, R-TENG exhibit

Conclusion better performance, but G-TENG serves specific purpose of

providing a steady output. Whereas FD-TENG proves to be a
compatible design that could be coupled with multiple units to
increase output.
• Despite the significant research progress, large-scale
application, material modification and cost parameters remains
to be challenges that are to be solved.

19
 References
• W.-G. Kim, D.-W. Kim, I.-W. Tcho, J.-K. Kim, M.-S. Kim, and Y.-K. Choi, “Triboelectric nanogenerator:
Structure, mechanism, and applications,” Acs Nano, vol. 15, no. 1, pp. 258–287, 2021.
• Y. Xie, S. Wang, L. Lin, Q. Jing, Z.-H. Lin, S. Niu, Z. Wu, and Z. L. Wang, “Rotary triboelectric
nanogenerator based on a hybridized mechanism for harvesting wind energy,” ACS nano, vol. 7, no. 8, pp.
7119–7125, 2013.
• W. Sun, Z. Ding, Z. Qin, F. Chu, and Q. Han, “Wind energy harvesting based on fluttering double-flag
type triboelectric nanogenerators,” Nano Energy, vol. 70, p. 104526, 2020.
• Y. Wang, X. Yu, M. Yin, J. Wang, Q. Gao, Y. Yu, T. Cheng, and Z. L. Wang, “Gravity triboelectric
nanogenerator for the steady harvesting of natural wind energy,” Nano Energy, vol. 82, p. 105740, 2021.
• Z. Ren, L. Wu, Y. Pang, W. Zhang, and R. Yang, “Strategies for effectively harvesting wind energy based
on triboelectric nanogenerators,” Nano Energy, vol.100, p. 107522, 2022.

20
THANK YOU

21