MOTIVATION

MUSONDA N. M. PETER
JULY 2018 INTAKE
KCN
 OBJECTIVES
GENERAL OBJECTIVES
• At the end of the discusion or lecture
students should be able to demonstrate
knowledge on motivation.
 SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES

• At the end of the lesson or discussion,

students should be able to:
• 1.Define motivation
• 2. Outline the reasons for
motivation
• 3. Describe Herzberg’s theory
 INTRODUCTION
• Motivation is one of the concepts studied
by psychologists in the quest to
understand human behavior. It is believed
that people behave in a certain way
because of the desires and goals they
have.
• The desires and goals can be referred to
as motives which are assumed to steer
one’s choice of activities. therefore in
this lesson we are going to look at
motivation itself in detail, reasons for
motivation and also look at Herzberg's
two factor theory.
 DEFINITION
• This is the factor that directs and
energizes behavior (Feldman 1996).
 REASONS FOR MOTIVATION
1. PAST EVENTS
• The person’s behavior is as a result of his
or her past experience. If ones
experiences gave a negative or positive
reward then it can be very much helpful
in determining the present behavior of a
person.
 Cont…..

• These past events have a bearing

on motivation for example if a
patient has suffered from malaria
that person maybe motivated by
fear of suffering or enduring the
same pain encountered in the
past, hence may take the
prescribed drugs.
 Cont….
Not only that even for adult’s current
behavior is determined by their childhood
experiences.
 2. PURPOSE
• This is much of the extrinsic motivation
which is initiated by external rewards
and punishments an example is that of a
child who is showered with a lot of
praises and gifts simply because of his
continuous good grades may continue to
strive to work hard.
 Cont….
• Therefore the behavior will persist as
long as the reward or punishment
lasts.
• The purpose for undertaking any
activity may account for the
resilience exhibited by someone.
 EMOTIONAL STATE/DRIVE

• This may motivate an individual for

example a derive such as hunger maybe
the reason for motivation.
• The way we behave is largely dependent
on our feelings.
• When we are not feeling well, our ability
to think clearly and logically may
disappear.
 Cont…
• This may result in behavior that is not
socially acceptable and the opposite is
true. (normal).
 HERZBERG’S TWO FACTOR THEORY

• This theory was proposed by

Fredrick Herzberg in 1968.
Fredrick came up with this
theory with an intention of
looking at motivation in work
places and suggested that work
motivators include
achievements, satisfaction
 Cont…
• growth , responsibility, advancement,
recognition and a job with a challenging
content and these give appositive
satisfaction.
• According to Herzberg’s the motivators
motivate workers.
• This level of motivation can be sustained
for a long time.
• He also looked at hygiene factors which
these are factors that
• The factors that motivate people can
change over their life time.
• These factors are dissatisfies and
preventive in nature.
• _The hygiene factors may bring
motivation up to a certain level, then
after a short while, people will go back
to their previous state
• Herzberg also looked at increasing the
salaries as an example of a hygiene
factor because workers may be
motivated for the first few months and
later go back to their previous state.
• The following are the examples that
Herzberg gave concerning hygiene
factors; company policy, supervision,
interpersonal relationships, and working
conditions.
 Below is the table for the summary of
hygiene and motivation factors;
HYGEINIC FACTORS MOTIVATION FACTORS
Company policy Achievement
supervision Recognition
Relationship with the boss Work
Work conditions with the others Responsibility
Relationship peers or workmate Advancement
Growth
 SUMMARY

• We looked specifically at motivation and

at a theory of a psychologist called
Herzberg’s who came up with a theory
that focused on motivation in places of
work
 TASK

• Read on Biosocial basis of behavior.

 REFERENCE
• Lineman, M,M(2007) cognitive Behavioral
Treatment of Borderline Personality Disorder,4th
edition New York: Guilford press. UK.
• Julia Russed (2009) Introduction to psychology,3rd
edition. Nelson Thornes, London United Kingdom.
• Merriam, W, (2008) Collegiate Dictionary 11th
edition, Washington, United State.
• https://www.alleydog.com/motivation
THANK YOU.