Thermodynamics

Tutorial #3 Rankine Cycle Part 1

These questions are taken from text book “Thermodynamics: An Engineering
Approach 2010 by Cengel & Boles”

Eng. M. Nabeel Negm

 Rankine Cycle Part 1
Ideal Cycle

Steam Cycles are used in most powerplants as they produce the most
power.

1-2 Isentropic Compression, 2-3 Const. Pressure heat addition, 3-4

Isentropic Expansion, 4-1 Const. Pressure heat addition.

Isentropic  Adiabatic & Reversible

Rankine Cycle Part 1
Actual Cycle

The differences between Ideal and Actual

 Rankine Cycle Part 1
Reheat Rankine Cycle

Reheat leads to a small increase in Wnet and reduces the increase in

entropy from 1  3

Boiler

Condenser
 Rankine Cycle Part 1
Regeneration Rankine Cycle OFWH

OFWH is a vessel that mixes water and steam to increase the

temperature of the water entering the boiler.
y  5% to 30% bleed
Qin decreases and Wnet decreases slightly.
OFWH Sat. Liquid
 Rankine Cycle Part 1
Regeneration Rankine Cycle CFWH

CFWH is an indirect heat exchanger that increases the temperature of

the water entering the boiler.
CFWH  Sat. Liquid or Subcooled Liquid
 Rankine Cycle Part 1

Problem 1

A steam power plant operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle between the pressure limits of 3 MPa
and 50 kPa. The temperature of the steam at the turbine inlet is 300°C, and the mass flow rate of
steam through the cycle is 35 kg/s.

Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine: (a) the thermal
efficiency of the cycle and (b) the net power output of the power plant.

Final Answers: (a) 27.1 % , (b) 25.2 MW

 Fundamentals Revision
Problem 1 Solution

Step 1: Draw the schematic

Step 2: Draw the TS-diagram
Step 3: Find Enthalpies
Solve the rest of the requirements (Work, Power, etc.)
Fundamentals Revision
Problem 1 Solution Cont.

Using Sat. Water Tables

 Fundamentals Revision
Problem 2

Consider a 210-MW steam power plant that operates on a simple ideal Rankine cycle.
Steam enters the turbine at 10 MPa and 500°C and is cooled in the condenser at a
pressure of 10 kPa. Assuming an isentropic efficiency of 85 percent for both the turbine
and the pump.

Show the cycle on a T-s diagram with respect to saturation lines, and determine (a) the
quality of the steam at the turbine exit, (b) the thermal efficiency of the cycle, and (c) the
mass flow rate of steam.

Final Answers: (a) 0.874, (b) 34.1% , (c) 194 kg/s

Fundamentals Revision
Problem 2 Solution
Fundamentals Revision
Problem 2 Solution Cont.