t i v e Sy s t e m

The D i ge s

B arb aso
sab e l le E.
X oph i a Y y
By - F eli ci t
Grade VI
 A. Parts of the
digestive system
Mouth
Esophagus
Stomach
Small Intestine
Large Intestine
Rectum
Anus
 B. Function of the
parts of the digestive
system
Mouth
The two main functions of the
mouth are eating and
speaking. The face's trigeminal
nerve provides sensation
(feeling) and helps us to bite,
chew and swallow. Some
disorders of the mouth include
infections, ulcers, cancer, cleft
palate, dry mouth syndrome,
dental caries and speech
problems such as lisping.
Esophagus
The primary function of
your esophagus is to
carry food and liquid
from your mouth to
your stomach. When you
swallow, food and liquid
first move from your
mouth to your throat
(pharynx).
Stomach
Your stomach is a muscular
organ that digests food. It is
part of your gastrointestinal
(GI) tract. When your
stomach receives food, it
contracts and produces acids
and enzymes that break down
food. When your stomach has
broken down food, it passes it
to your small intestine.
Small Intestine
The small intestine has three
parts: the duodenum, jejunum,
and ileum. It helps to further
digest food coming from the
stomach. It absorbs nutrients
(vitamins, minerals,
carbohydrates, fats, proteins)
and water from food so they
can be used by the body. The
small intestine is part of the
digestive system.
Large Intestine
The purpose of the large
intestine is to absorb water
and salts from the material
that has not been digested
as food, and get rid of any
waste products left over. By
the time food mixed with
digestive juices reaches your
large intestine, most digestion
and absorption has already
taken place.
Rectum
Rectum. The rectum is a
straight, 8-inch chamber that
connects the colon to the
anus. The rectum's job is to
receive stool from the
colon, let you know that
there is stool to be
evacuated (pooped out) and
to hold the stool until
evacuation happens.
Anus
The anus is the last part of
the digestive tract. It is a 2-
inch long canal consisting of
the pelvic floor muscles and
the two anal sphincters
(internal and external). The
lining of the upper anus is
able to detect rectal
contents. It lets you know
whether the contents are
liquid, gas or solid
C. How the digestive
system works
The
digestive system
breaks down the
foods we eat into
energy our bodies
can use.
What Are the Four Main Functions of the
Digestive System?
The main functions of the digestive system
include:
•Motility
• Food moves through the digestive tract
due to a process called peristalsis,
which is the movement of muscles in
the GI tract that move the food
through the digestive system
• This involves the breakdown and
mixing of ingested nutrients all the
way through the elimination of
undigested waste from the body
•Secretion
• This is the release of enzymes,
hormones, and other
substances that help the body
digest the food that is eaten
• Hormones tell the body when
to produce digestive juices and
signal the brain when you are
hungry or full
•Digestion
• Ingested nutrients including proteins, fats,
carbohydrates, vitamins, minerals, and water
are reduced into molecules small enough to
pass through the lining of the gut and so they
can enter the bloodstream
• The digestive system breaks down foods we
consume so the body can use them for energy,
growth, and cell repair
• Proteins break down to amino acids
• Fats break down to fatty acids and
glycerol
• Carbohydrates break down to simple
sugars
•Absorption
• The digested nutrients pass from the
gut into the blood so the circulatory
system or lymph system can pass
them on to the rest of the body to
use or store
• The lymph system absorbs fatty
acids and vitamins
• The blood carries simple sugars,
amino acids, glycerol, and some
vitamins and salts to the liver
• The liver stores, processes, and
delivers these nutrients to the
body when needed