Table for α (alpha) value: Significance Two sided One sided level (α) test test
0.10 ±1.645 ±1.28
0.05 ±1.96 ±1.645
0.01 ±2.58 ±2.33
FORMULA FOR(TWO SAMPLES) Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES) Q1: A sample size of n1=6 from a normal population with σ1=5 gave 1=15. A sample size of n2=8 from a normal population gave 2=13 and σ2=9. Test the hypothesis that µ1-µ2=0 against µ1-µ2≠0. Let the value of α=0.05. Solution: i) Our hypothesis is H0: μ1-μ2=0 and H1:µ1-µ2≠0 (two sided test) ii)The value of α=0.05 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +1.96 or Z < -1.96, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = 0.53 vi) We accept H0 and reject H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES) Q2: A random sample of n1=25 taken from a normal population with σ1=5.2 has mean 1=81. A second random sample of n2=36 taken from a different population with σ2=3.4 has mean 2=76. Test the hypothesis that 𝜇1=𝜇2 against the alternate 𝜇1≠𝜇2. With 𝛼=0.05 Solution: i) Our hypothesis is H0: μ1=μ2 and H1:µ1≠µ2 (two sided test) ii)The value of α=0.05 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +1.96 or Z < -1.96, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = 4.22 vi) We reject H0 and accept H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES) Q3: Two samples n1 & n2=10 are taken from a normal population with 1=21.7 & 2=24.3 with σ1 & σ2 = 2.5. Test the hypothesis that 𝜇1=𝜇2 against the alternate 𝜇1≠𝜇2. With α=0.05 Solution: i) Our hypothesis is H0: μ1=μ2 and H1:µ1≠µ2 (two sided test) ii)The value of α=0.05 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +1.96 or Z < -1.96, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = -2.33 vi) We reject H0 and accept H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES) Q4: An examination was given to two classes of n 1=40 & n2=50 students with 1=74 & 2= 78 with σ1=8 & σ2=7. Test the hypothesis that 𝜇1=𝜇2 against the alternate 𝜇1≠𝜇2. With 𝛼=0.05 Solution: i) Our hypothesis is H0: μ1=μ2 and H1:µ1≠µ2 (two sided test) ii)The value of α=0.05 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +1.96 or Z < -1.96, so we will reject our H 0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = -2.48 vi) We reject H0 and accept H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES) Q5: A manufacturer suspects a difference in the quality of the spare parts he receives from two suppliers. He obtains the following data on the service life of random samples of parts from two suppliers. Supplier Number in sample Means Standard Deviation A n1=50 1=150 σ1= 10 B n2=100 2=153 σ2= 5 Test the hypothesis that 𝜇1=𝜇2 against the alternate 𝜇1≠𝜇2. With α=0.01 Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES)
Solution: i) Our hypothesis is
H0: μ1=μ2 and H1:µ1≠µ2 (two sided test) ii)The value of α=0.01 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +2.58 or Z < -2.58, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = -2.00 vi) We accept H0 and reject H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES)
Q6: A sample of heights of 6,400 Englishmen
has mean of 67.85 inches and σ1=2.56 while sample heights of 1,600 Australians has a mean of 68.55 inches and σ2=2.52. Do the data indicate that Australians are on the average taller than Englishmen? With α=0.05. Test the hypothesis that 𝜇1=𝜇2 against the alternate 𝜇1>𝜇2 Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES)
Solution: i) Our hypothesis is
H0: μ1=μ2 and H1:µ1>µ2 (one sided test) ii)The value of α=0.05 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +1.645 or Z < -1.645, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = -9.91 vi) We reject H0 and accept H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES)
Q7: A potential buyer of light bulbs bought 50
bulbs of each of 2 brands. Upon testing he found that brand A had mean life of 1282 hrs with σ1=80 hrs whereas brand B had a mean life of 1208 hrs with σ2=94 hrs. Can the buyer be quite certain that the two brands do differ in quality? Test the hypothesis that 𝜇1=𝜇2 against the alternate 𝜇1≠𝜇2. With α=0.05. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES)
Solution: i) Our hypothesis is
H0: μ1=μ2 and H1:µ1≠µ2 (two sided test) ii)The value of α=0.05 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +1.96 or Z < -1.96, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = 4.24 vi) We reject H0 and accept H1. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES) Q8: A random sample of 80 light bulbs manufactured by company A had an average life time of 1258 hrs with σ1=94 hrs, while a random sample of 60 light bulbs manufactured by company B had an average lifetime of 1029 hrs with a σ2=68 hrs. because of the high cost of bulbs from company A, we are inclined to buy from company B unless the bulbs from company A will last over 200 hrs longer on average than those from company B. Test the hypothesis that 𝜇A-𝜇B≤200 against the alternate 𝜇A-𝜇B>200. With α=0.01. Practical Illustration(TWO SAMPLES)
Solution: i) Our hypothesis is
H0: μA-μB≤200 and H1:µA-µB>200 (one sided test) ii)The value of α=0.01 iii) Test-statistics: iv) If the value of Z > +2.58 or Z < -2.58, so we will reject our H0 and accept H1. v) Calculation: = = 2.16 vi) We accept H0 and reject H1 FORMULA FOR(TWO SAMPLES) FORMULA FOR(TWO SAMPLES)