TURNS:PART 1

OBJECTIVES
 Ancillary Equipment

 Fundamentals of Turns

 How to Execute Turns

 Combination Turns

 Safety

 Summary

 Questions & Concerns

 ANCILLIARY EQUIPMENTS

ARTIFICIAL HORIZON TURN CO-ORDINATOR AIRSPEED INDICATOR Altimeter

Heading Indicator
ANCILLIARY EQUIP-HEADING
INDICATOR
FUNDAMENTALS OF TURNS
 Gentle turn – up to 15
degrees

 Medium turn- 15-30

degree

 Steep turn – beyond 30

degree

 Back pressure

 Yaw control
 HOW TO EXECUTE THE TURN

Safety Turn Entry Turn Exit

 Carry out a good  Gently Roll into the turn  Use the yoke to roll
lookout L/R back to wings level

 Make sure you scan  Maintain yaw control  Use rudder to assist in
properly, especially at the turn and yaw
the direction of the  Look outside at the
intended turn horizon & direction of  Return back to cruise
the turn. attitude

 As bank increases back  Re-trim as necessary

pressure on yoke might
be needed

*cross check instruments

 COMBINATION TURNS

Climbing Turn Descending turn

 Safety lookout  Safety Lookout

 Start with the Climb  Start the descent (PAT)

(APT)
 Maintain the roll
 Be careful of over &bank
banking tendencies
 Gentle to medium turns
 Keep the turns gentle
 SAFETY FACTORS

 Always maintain a good Lookout while

turning

 While increasing bank be careful of higher

stall speed

 Do not overbank and let the nose drop could

lead to a spiral situation.
 SUMMARY
 Ancillary Equipment

 Fundamentals of Turns

 How to Execute Turns

 Combination Turns

 Safety
QUESTIONS AND CONCERNS