An Introduction to Forces:

More Practice
Draw a free-body diagram
for each of the following
objects:
(a) A car engine being
lifted from a car by a
rope attached to a pulley
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Draw a free-body diagram
for each of the following
objects:
(b) an car moving with
constant velocity on a
level road
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Draw a free-body diagram
for each of the following
objects:
(c) an apple hanging from
a tree branch
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Draw a free-body diagram
for each of the following
objects:
(d) a skydiver being
slowed by a parachute
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Ms. Rosebery is pulling across level snow a sled
on which is sitting her daughter Ivy. Tied to
the back of Ivy's sled is another tiny sled on
which Ivy's baby doll is sitting.
Draw the free-body diagrams for (a) Ms.
Rosebery
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Ms. Rosebery is pulling across level snow a sled
on which is sitting her daughter Ivy. Tied to
the back of Ivy's sled is another tiny sled on
which Ivy's baby doll is sitting.
Draw the free-body diagrams for (b) Ivy
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Ms. Rosebery is pulling across level snow a sled
on which is sitting her daughter Ivy. Tied to
the back of Ivy's sled is another tiny sled on
which Ivy's baby doll is sitting.
Draw the free-body diagrams for (d) Ivy’s sled
 An Introduction to Forces:
More Practice
Ms. Rosebery is pulling across level snow a sled
on which is sitting her daughter Ivy. Tied to
the back of Ivy's sled is another tiny sled on
which Ivy's baby doll is sitting.
Draw the free-body diagrams for
(d) Ivy’s doll’s sled
 Newton’s 1st Law of Motion:
Learning Goal
The student will be able to state Newton’s 1 st
Law and apply it in qualitative and
quantitative terms to explain the effect of
forces acting on objects. (B3.4)
Newton’s 1 Law of
st

Motion
 Net Force
The net force is the sum of all forces acting on
an object.

Example: A weightlifter holds a weight above

his head by exerting a force of 1.6 kN [up].
The force of gravity acting on the weight is 1.6
kN [down]. Draw a FBD of the weight. What
is the net force on the weight?
Net Force

FA=1.6 kN

Fg=1.6 kN
 Net Force

FA=1.6 kN

Fg=1.6 kN

The net force is zero: 1.6 kN + (-1.6 kN) = 0

 Newton’s First Law of Motion
If there is no net force acting on an object, the
object will remain at rest
 Newton’s First Law of Motion
If there is no net force acting on an object, the
object will remain at rest
 Newton’s First Law of Motion
If there is no net force acting on an object, the
object will remain at rest or will keep moving
at the same constant velocity.
 Newton’s First Law of Motion
If there is no net force acting on an object, the
object will remain at rest or will keep moving
at the same constant velocity.

(Conversely, if an object is at rest or is moving

at constant velocity, there is no net force
acting upon it.)
 Inertia
This is the principle of inertia, first articulated
by Galileo:
 Inertia
“Inertia is a
property of matter.”

Inertia is the property of matter that causes it to

resist changes to its motion.

The greater the mass of an object, the greater its

inertia.
 Newton’s First Law of Motion
Question: An object is being pushed along at
constant velocity by a force of 5 N [left].
What is the force of friction acting on the
object?
 Newton’s First Law of Motion
Question: An object is being pushed along at
constant velocity by a force of 5 N [left].
What is the force of friction acting on the
object?

If the velocity is constant, there is no net force,

so the force of friction must be equal in
magnitude and opposite in direction to the
applied force:
 Newton’s First Law of Motion
Question: An object is being pushed along at
constant velocity by a force of 5 N [left]. What
is the force of friction acting on the object?

If the velocity is constant, there is no net force, so

the force of friction must be equal in magnitude
and opposite in direction to the applied force:
Ff = 5 N [right]
 More Practice
Explaining Why with Newton’s 1st Law of
Motion