INFORMATION

PROCESSING
Presented by Maiatrixx
 Information Processing Theory

Types of knowledge Stages Executive Control Process

General vs Specific Encoding

Declarative Storage

Procedural
Retrieval

Episodic

Conditional
 OBJECTIVES

01 describe the process involved in acquiring,

storing and retrieving knowledge.

cite educational implications of the

02 theory on information processing.
Information
Processing Theory
is a cognitive theory that focuses on how
information is encoded into our memory.
The theory describes how our brains filter
information, from what we’re paying
attention to in the present moment, to what
gets stored in our short-term or working
memory and ultimately into our long-term
memory.
Types of Knowledge
Types of Knowledge

General vs Declarative Procedural Episodic Conditional

Specific
 This involves wether the knowledge
General is useful in many tasks, or only in
vs one.
Specific
Types of Knowledge

General vs Declarative Procedural Episodic Conditional

Specific
 This refers to factual knowledge.
They relate to the nature of how
Declarative things are.
Types of Knowledge

General vs Declarative Procedural Episodic Conditional

Specific
 This includes knowledge on how
Procedural to do things.
Types of Knowledge

General vs Declarative Procedural Episodic Conditional

Specific
 This includes memories of life
Episodic events.
Types of Knowledge

General vs Declarative Procedural Episodic Conditional

Specific
Types of Knowledge

This is about “knowing when and

why” to apply declarative or
Conditional procedural strategies.
Types of Knowledge

General vs Declarative Procedural Episodic Conditional

Specific
 Stages in
Information Processing
Theory
Encoding

Storage

Retrieval
 Encoding

Information is sensed, perceived

and attended to.
Encoding

Storage

Retrieval
 Storage

Information is stored for either a

bried or extended period of time.
Encoding

Storage

Retrieval
 Retrieval

Information is brought back at the

appropriate time.
Encoding

Storage

Retrieval
 Stages in the
Memory Process
 Holds the sensory
memory infromation Sensory Register

for a very brief time. To reduce loss of

Short-Term
Memory(STM or information, do the
Working Memory maintainance rehearsal.

Permanent storing Long-Term

Memory
house for information. (LTM)
 Holds the sensory memory
infromation for a very brief
Sensory
time. Register

Capacity: receives great amount of

information

Duration: 1 to 3 seconds
 Holds the sensory
memory infromation Sensory Register

for a very brief time. To reduce loss of

Short-Term
Memory(STM or information, do the
Working Memory maintainance rehearsal.

Permanent storing Long-Term

Memory
house for information. (LTM)
 Short-Term To reduce loss of
Memory(STM information, do the
or Working maintainance rehearsal.
Memory
Capacity: 5 to 9 chunks of
information

Duration: 18 seconds or less

 Holds the sensory
memory infromation Sensory Register

for a very brief time. To reduce loss of

Short-Term
Memory(STM or information, do the
Working Memory maintainance rehearsal.

Permanent storing Long-Term

Memory
house for information. (LTM)
 Permanent storing Long-Term
house for information. Memory
(LTM)

Capacity: unlimited

Duration: indefinite
Executive Control
Process
Involve the executive processor or what is referred to
as metavognitive skills. These process guides the flow
of information through the system.
 Forgetting
is the inability to retrieve or
access information when
Decay needed.
Interference
Information is not attended
to and eventuall‘fades’
New or old information
away.
‘blocks’ access to
information in question.

01 00 02
Methods for increasing Retrieval of Information:

Rehearsal Visual Imagery

Meaningful Generation
learning

Organization Context

Elaboration Personalization
Other methods:

Distributed
practice
Part learning

Serial Position
Mnemonic aids
Effect (recency
and primacy)
Information Processing Model
Thank you!