ADDITION AND SUBTRACTION

PROPERTIES OF EQUALITY
 A Question of Balance
The two sides on a balanced scale
must be equal to each other

E+6 = 11
E = 5
What does the Egg weigh?
 A Question of Balance
The two sides of an equation are equal to each other
The left side and the right side must be balanced

2(3) + 4 10

When you do something to one side of an equation,

You have to do the same thing to the other side.
 A Question of Balance
If the two sides of an equation are not
equal…

3(7) – 2 20 + 1
 A Question of Balance
If the two sides of an equation are not
equal…

3(7) – 2
20 + 1

Then it is not balanced!

 A Question of Balance
What happens if we change one of the sides of a
balanced equation?

88
++33
++11 11

Then it is not balanced!

 A Question of Balance
What happens if we change one of the sides of a
balanced equation?

+1
11
8+3+1

We need to make
Thentheit same
is notchange to the other side!
balanced!
 A Question of Balance
What happens if we change one of the sides of a
balanced equation?

8+3+1 11 + 1

TheWe
11need
th
Commandment (forchange
to make the same equations):
to the other side!
Whatever thou dost unto the left, thou also must do unto the
To solve an equation means to find every number
that makes the equation true.

We do this by adding or
subtracting to each side of
the equation … but
always keep it
balanced!
 𝑥+ 7=10
𝐴𝑛𝑠𝑤𝑒𝑟 :𝑥=3
𝐶h𝑒𝑐𝑘:
?
3+ 7=10
✓
10=10
 𝑥+ 7=10
𝑥=10
𝐶h𝑒𝑐𝑘:
?
10+7=10
17=10
/
A solution or root of an equation is
the value of the variable that makes
the equation true.

In the examples previously given, 3 is a

solution of the equation , while 10 is not a
solution of the said equation.
The Addition Property of Equality
(APE)

If a, b, and c are real numbers and ,

then .
 Solve:
𝑥 −7=5
𝑥 −+7
7 =5+7
𝑥=12
Check:
?
12 −7=5
✓
5=5
 Solve:
𝑥 −10=3
+10=3+10
𝑥 − 10
𝑥=13
Check:
?
1 3 −10=3
✓
3=3
 Solve:
𝑥 − 8=7
𝑥 −+8=8 7+ 8
𝑥=1 5
Check:
?
1 5 −8=7
✓
7=7
 The Subtraction Property of
Equality (SPE)

If a, b, and c are real numbers and ,

then .
 Solve:
𝑥+ 9=21
𝑥+ 9=21
−9 −9
𝑥=12
Check:
?
12+9=21
✓
2 1=21
 Solve:
𝑥+ 7=15
𝑥+ 7=15
−7 −7
𝑥=8
Check:
?
8 +7=15
✓
1 5=15
 Solve:
𝑥+ 5=9
𝑥 + −5
5= 9−5
𝑥=4
Check:
?
4+5= 9
✓
9=9
 Solve:
13 𝑚+20 − 8 𝑚=15+6 𝑚 − 3
5 𝑚+20=12+ 6 𝑚
5 𝑚+20=12+
−5 𝑚 6 𝑚−5 𝑚
20=12+𝑚
20−12=12 +𝑚
−12
8=𝑚
The solution is
 Solve:
3 𝑚+ 8 −𝑚=7+𝑚 − 2
2 𝑚+8=5 +𝑚
2 𝑚+8=5
−𝑚 +𝑚−𝑚
𝑚+ 8=5
𝑚+− 8 5− 8
8=
𝑚=−3
The solution is
ANSWER THE FF:
1.)
2.)
3.)
4.)
5.)