PORTFOLIO -III

MATERIAL AND
METHODS OF
BUILDING
INSULATION
SUBMITTED BY:
SEHAJ SEKHRI
B.VOC 4TH S EM
INTERIOR
DESIGN INIFD
CHANDIGARH
 THERMAL
•
INS ULATION
Thermal insulation in building refers to the ability of a material to resist the transfer of
heat. When a building is properly insulated, it reduces the amount of heat that is
transferred through walls, floors, and ceilings. This helps to keep the building warm in the
winter and cool in the summer, resulting in lower energy costs and a more comfortable
living or working environment.

• Thermal insulation in a building is achieved by using materials that have a low thermal
conductivity, which means they are resistant to the transfer of heat. These materials are
used to create a barrier that reduces the amount of heat that is lost or gained through the
walls, roof, and windows of the building. Common insulation materials include fiberglass,
cellulose, foam, and reflective coatings. By reducing heat transfer, thermal insulation can
help maintain a consistent indoor temperature, reduce the need for heating or cooling
systems, and lower energy costs.
• There are several types of thermal insulation used in a
building, including:

• 1. Fiberglass insulation
• 2. Cellulose insulation
• 3. Spray foam insulation
• 4. Rigid foam insulation
• 5. Reflective insulation
• 1. Fiberglass insulation: It is made of glass fibers
woven together and is one of the most common types of
insulation used in buildings. It is relatively inexpensive
and comes in batts or rolls that can be easily installed
between studs, joists, and rafters. Fiberglass insulation is
effective at reducing heat transfer and absorbing sound.
• 2. Cellulose insulation: It is made of recycled paper
products and is blown into walls, attics, and other areas
using a special machine. It is an eco-friendly option and
is effective at reducing heat transfer and absorbing
sound.
• 3. Spray foam insulation: It is a more expensive
option but provides a more effective air seal and can be
applied to hard-to-reach areas. Spray foam insulation is
made of a liquid that is sprayed into walls, attics, and
other areas, where it expands and hardens.
• 4. Rigid foam insulation: It is made of polystyrene
or polyurethane and comes in large sheets or panels.
It is used to insulate walls, roofs, and foundations and
provides a high level of insulation per inch.

• 5. Reflective insulation: It is made of aluminum

foil and is installed in attics and other areas where
there is a lot of heat gain. It reflects heat back to its
source, reducing the amount of heat that is
transferred into the building
 S OUND
INS ULATION
• In building construction, sound insulation is the process of minimizing the amount of sound that
travels between different rooms or areas within a building. This can be achieved through the use of
sound-absorbing materials, such as acoustic ceiling tiles, or through the use of sound-blocking
materials, such as double-paned windows or insulated walls. Sound insulation is important in buildings
where noise reduction is necessary, such as in apartments, offices, studio, hotels, or hospitals.

• Sound insulation in buildings can provide many advantages, such as improved privacy, reduced noise
pollution, and increased comfort for occupants. It can also help to comply with building codes and
regulations related to noise control.

• Some additional advantages of sound insulation in buildings are Improved speech intelligibility
in spaces such as classrooms or conference rooms, Increased productivity in workplaces by reducing
noise distractions, Enhanced acoustic performance in music venues or theaters, Improved sleep
quality in residential buildings located near busy roads or airports, Enhanced safety in buildings
located near sources of loud noise, such as industrial facilities or construction sites.
 WALL DETAILING FOR SOUND
INSULATIONS

Glass Mineral wool Acoustic insulation

wool
 TYPES OF SOUND
INSULATIONS
• Mineral wool - It is a type of insulation material that is made from
natural or synthetic minerals, such as rock, slag, or glass. It is
commonly used as a soundproofing material due to its high density
and ability to absorb sound waves. Mineral wool can be installed in
walls, ceilings, and floors to reduce noise transmission between rooms.
It is also fire-resistant and can help to improve energy efficiency by
reducing heat transfer.
• Glass wool- Glass wool is a type of insulation material that is made
from glass fibers, which are arranged in a wool-like texture. It is
commonly used as a soundproofing material due to its high density
and ability to absorb sound waves. Glass wool can be installed in
walls, ceilings, and floors to reduce noise transmission between rooms.
It is also fire-resistant and can help to improve energy efficiency by
reducing heat transfer. Additionally, it is lightweight and easy to
install, making it a popular choice for many construction projects.
• Cellulose insulation- Cellulose insulation is a type of insulation
material that is made from recycled paper products, such as newspapers
and cardboard. It is primarily used as a thermal insulation material, but
it can also be effective as a soundproofing material. Cellulose insulation
can be blown into walls, ceilings, and floors to create a dense barrier
that reduces noise transmission. It is also environmentally friendly and
can help to improve energy efficiency by reducing heat transfer.
However, it is important to note that cellulose insulation may settle over
time, which can reduce its effectiveness as a soundproofing material.
• Acoustic plaster- Acoustic plaster is a type of plaster that is designed
to absorb sound waves and reduce noise levels in a room. It is made
from a combination of plaster and sound-absorbing materials, such as
mineral wool or fiberglass. Acoustic plaster is typically applied to ceilings
and walls in areas where noise reduction is desired, such as concert
halls, recording studios, and theaters. It can also be used in residential
and commercial buildings to reduce noise transmission between rooms.
Acoustic plaster is available in a range of colors and textures, making it
a versatile option for many different types of spaces.
• Acoustic foam- Acoustic foam is a type of sound-absorbing
material that is commonly used to reduce noise levels in a
room. It is made from a lightweight and porous foam
material, such as polyurethane, and is designed to absorb
sound waves. Acoustic foam is available in a range of shapes
and sizes, including panels, tiles, and bass traps, and can be
installed on walls, ceilings, and floors to reduce noise
reflections and echoes. It is commonly used in recording
studios, home theaters, and other spaces where high-quality
sound is important. However, it is important to note that
acoustic foam is primarily designed to absorb high-frequency
sounds and may not be as effective at reducing low-frequency
noise.
Soundproofing Curtains:
- Made from heavy materials such as velvet, wool, or polyester
- Designed to absorb sound waves
- Can be hung over windows or doors to reduce noise transmission
- May not be as effective as other soundproofing methods, especially for low-frequency sounds
- Most effective when used in combination with other soundproofing methods, such as acoustic foam or insulation
- Can improve the acoustics of a room

Soundproof Windows:
- Designed to reduce noise transmission through the glass
-Typically consist of two or more panes of glass that are separated by a layer of air or gas, which helps to absorb
sound waves
- Can be an effective way to reduce noise pollution from traffic, construction, or other sources
- Can be expensive to install
- May not be as effective as other soundproofing methods for low-frequency sounds

Soundproof Doors:
- Designed to reduce noise transmission through the door itself
- Typically have a solid core and are made from heavy materials such as wood or metal
- Can be an effective way to reduce noise transmission between rooms or from outside the building
- Can be expensive to install
- May require professional installation to ensure proper soundproofing
 SAMPLES WE COLLECTED DURING OUR
MARKET SURVEY

By doing a market survey we came to know that there are many factors to consider when
choosing thermal insulation and sound insulation , such as the type of material, the thickness
of the insulation, and where it will be installed. It’s important to choose the right insulation
for the specific application to ensure that it will perform effectively.
T herm al insulation is designed to reduce
the transfer of heat between inside and
outside of a building and on the other hand,
sound insulation is designed to reduce the
transmission of sound between rooms or from
outside the building.