NANDHA COLLEGE OF TECHNOLOGY

(Approved by AICTE,New Delhi & Affiliated to Anna University, Chennai)

ERODE-638 052
DEPARTMENT OF
ELECTRONICS AND COMMUNICATION ENGINEERING
PROJECT WORK
HARNESSING SOLAR ENERGY FOR TWO-WHEELED
ADVENTURES

Presented by,
R.GOWTHAM [732116106014]
S.KARTHIKEYAN [732116106022]
M.NITHEESH [732116106033]
P.YASODHA [732116106063]
Under the guidance of
Mr. T.RAJKUMAR
04/24/2024
Assistant Professor/ Department of ECE
NCT/IV ECE/ VIVAVOCE 1/19
 AIM
• The aim is to revolutionize the world of two-wheeled adventures by harnessing
the power of solar energy. This project envisions creating a sustainable and eco-
friendly mode of transportation for adventure enthusiasts. The primary goal is to
seamlessly integrate efficient solar panels into the design of two-wheelers,
ensuring they capture sunlight without compromising aesthetics or performance.
The ultimate objective is to redefine adventure riding, offering an immersive
experience while minimizing environmental impact and promoting sustainable
exploration through solar-powered mobility.

04/24/2024 NCT/IV ECE/ VIVAVOCE 2/19

 OBJECTIVES
⮚ This prototype integrate lightweight and efficient solar panels into the design
of two-wheeled vehicles to extend their range, promoting eco-friendly and
sustainable transportation.
⮚ The leverage solar energy to charge electric batteries during travel, providing
additional mileage without relying solely on grid charging, making long-
distance journeys more feasible.
⮚ It explore advanced energy storage solutions, such as high capacity batteries
to store excess solar energy efficiently and ensure a continuous power supply
during periods of low sunlight.
⮚ It optimizes the weight and aerodynamics of solar panels and associated
components to minimize the impact on the vehicles performance while
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NCT/IV ECE/ VIVAVOCE
 INTRODUCTION

⮚ Embracing the boundless power of the sun, harnessing solar energy has become a
pioneering force in the realm of two-wheeled adventures.
⮚ As the world leans towards sustainable solutions, the combination of solar
technology and motorcycling opens new horizons for eco-conscious enthusiasts.
⮚ These innovative vehicles harness the power to the sun to propel electric scooters
and bikes, offering a cleaner and eco-friendly alternative to traditional fuel-based
transportation.
⮚ It's a symbol of future where adventure coexists harmoniously with sustainability,
inviting riders to explore the world with a lighter ecological footprint.

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 LITERATURE REVIEW
AUTHOR TITLE METHODOLOG ADVANTAG DISADVANTAG
NAME Y E E
AND
YEAR
Pandit Advanced Battery By using batteries Zero emissions Longer refueling
G. Patil Technology for in the vehicles time compared to
[2009] electric two traditional
wheelers vehicles

Joeri Van A Comparative By using different Lower Limited Driving

Mierlo study of 12 types of batteries Operating Range
[2009] electrically in bicycle Costs
assisted bicycles
.

1/18/2024 NCT/IV ECE/ VIVAVOCE 5/19

 continued
AUTHOR TITLE METHODOLOG ADVANTAG DISADVANTAG
NAME AND Y E E
YEAR
C.E.Thomas Fuel cell and By using dynamic Low cost Low efficiency
[2013] Battery computer
Electric simulation model
Vehicles
Compared

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6
 ABSTRACT
 

⮚ This project explores the integration of solar power technology into two-

wheeled vehicles, aiming to enhance their sustainability and autonomy.

⮚ By harnessing solar energy through innovative design and efficient

photovoltaic systems, this initiative seeks to extend the range and reduce the

environmental impact of two-wheeled adventures.

⮚ It emphasizes the potential of solar powered solutions in the context of

mobility, showcasing a commitment to renewable energy and eco-friendly

transportation.

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 EXISISTING SYSTEM

 There are few solutions proposed for sleep detection, most of them have

been implemented by using MATLAB.

 Most of the existing systems suffered from few limitations especially in
terms of accuracy of detection and delay in sending the alarm.
 Many systems remaining as theoretical proofs and were not successful in
practical implementation.
 Our proposed system provides a real time implementation of fatigue and
yawn detection and alert system that would help drivers avoid numerous
accidents.

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 PROPOSED SYSTEM
 In this proposed method, the image of the driver is acquired by the webcam for
processing.
 We then use this input to determine how long the eyes have been shut for.

 If the eyes have been shut for a definite duration, we will presume that the driver is
starting to drowse off and the system will issue an alarm to awake him/her up and to
seize attention.
 We also have included yawn detection in the system. If the yawn count has crossed a
certain threshold, our system sends an alert to the owner indicating the chances of the
driver falling asleep.
 This system also includes a vibration sensor which is placed under the seat to wake up
the driver.

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 Flow Chart for the Proposed System

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 METHODOLOGY

 The main component of this system is the Raspberry pie, which handles
the captured video sent by the camera on real time.
 The closure of the eye is mainly detected by using Advanced Haar cascade
classifier algorithm, which calculates the eye aspect ratio parameter.
 This algorithm is processed with python.

 If the Eye Aspect Ratio jumps above a calculated threshold value for some
predefined frames, then Raspberry pi produces a loud alarming noise
which is used to wake up the sleeping driver.

04/24/2024 NCT/IV ECE/ VIVAVOCE 11/19

 Flow chart for Methodology

04/24/2024 NCT/IV ECE/ VIVAVOCE 12/19

 HARDWAR & SOFTWARE REQUIREMENTS

HARDWARE :
 Raspberry Pi 3

 Vibration motor
 Buzzer
 Power supply
 Camera

SOFTWARE
 OPEN CV
 PYTHON 3

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 `BLOCK DIAGRAM
MEMORY
CARD

VIBRATION REAL TIME

GPIO 18 USB
MOTOR CAMERA VIDEO
PORT

GPIO 19
BUZZER
HDMI
MONITOR
RASPBERRY CABLE
PI 3

GPIO 20
INTERFACING POWER
CIRCUIT GPIO 21 SUPPLY

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 RASPBERRY PI 3
 Processor : Broadcom BCM2387 chipset and 1.2GHz Quad-Core ARM
Cortex-A53 (64Bit)

 It has Wireless LAN and Bluetooth 4.1 (Bluetooth Classic and LE)

 Operating System : Boots from Micro SD card, running a version of the

Linux operating system or Windows 10 IOT

 Power : Micro USB socket 5V1, 2.5A.

 Camera Connector : 15-pin MIPI Camera Serial Interface (CSI-2)

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 PIN DIAGRAM

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 ADVANCED HAAR CASCADE ALGORITHM
 This algorithm consist of two parameters. They are Eye aspect ratio and Mouth
aspect ratio.
 Eye Aspect Ratio is employed to determine the ratio of vertical and horizontal
eye landmarks.
 If constant indicates that the eye is open, if it changes rapidly and then to a zero
value, this indicates that a blink has occurred.
 If the eyes have been shut for a definite duration, we will presume that the driver
is starting to drowse off and the system will issue an alarm to awake him/her up
 Same procedure is repeated for yawn detection, If the yawn count has crossed a
certain threshold, our system sends an alert to the owner indicating the chances
of the driver falling asleep.

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 ADVANTAGE

⮚ Reducing environmental impact.

⮚ Lower operating costs.
⮚ Increased energy independence.
⮚ It contribute to a cleaner environment by producing zero emissions during
operation and utilizing renewable energy resources.

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 THANK YOU

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