Properties of a Well-Written Text

Coherence and
Cohesion

1
 Objectives of the lesson:
￮ •Define coherence and cohesion.
￮ • Apply coherence to unify ideas and transitional devices to
emphasize cohesion in writing.
￮ • Interpret the importance of coherence and cohesion in writing.
￮

2
Coherence
Refers to the rhetorical aspects of your writing, which
include “developing and supporting your argument (e.g.
thesis statement development), synthesizing and
integrating readings, organizing and clarifying ideas.”

3
Coherence
“Depression is a mental illness which everyone often
neglects and ignores. People with depression knows how to
hide their illness through a fake smile and normality in
terms of their movement. We are aware that we have
different lives and so, it depends upon the person whether
he or she would take depression seriously. Psychologists
and Psychiatrists encourage people with depression to
proceed with medication and psychological therapy to cure
the serious mental illness. After all, there is nothing wrong
with honestly telling everyone that you are depressed and
is in need of serious help.” 4
Coherence
“Depression is a mental illness which everyone often neglects
and ignores. People with depression knows how to hide their
illness through a fake smile and normality in terms of their
movement. We are aware that we have different lives and
so, it depends upon the person whether he or she would
take depression seriously. Psychologists and Psychiatrists
encourage people with depression to proceed with medication
and psychological therapy to cure the serious mental illness.
After all, there is nothing wrong with honestly telling everyone
that you are depressed and is in need of serious help.”
5
Cohesion

Means unifying ideas by binding words, phrases,

sentences, and paragraphs, thus show relationship and
smooth “text flow”.

6
Cohesion

Transitional devices are used as connecting markers of

sentences. In other terms, it is also called as cohesive
devices with the purpose of connecting two statements,
usually by referring back to what you have previously
written or said.”

7
Addition

Its use is to add or repeat a sentence.

8
Transitional Device Markers
Addition again, also, and, and
then, equally, important,
finally, first, further,
furthermore, in addition,
in the first place, last,
moreover, next, second,
still, too
9
Example:

Cooking a scrambled egg is an easy task. First,

you obviously need to get an egg and crack it.
Second, you need to add the seasonings and mix
it with the egg in a bowl. Finally, the mixture
would then be cooked in a pan for a scrambled
egg to be produced.
10
Comparison

Refers to looking at and evaluating sentences

closely together.

11
Transitional Device Markers
Comparison also, in the same way,
likewise, similarly

12
Example

Delilah knows how to be a good and responsible

sister to her siblings. In the same way, she is
also a good daughter to her parents.

13
Contrast

Refers to either relating or opposing sentences

together.

14
Transitional Device Markers
Contrast although, yet, at the same
time, but at the same time,
despite that, even so, even
though, for all that, however,
in contrast, in spite of,
instead, nevertheless,
notwithstanding, on the
contrary, on the other hand,
otherwise, regardless, still,
though

15
Example:

Wendy was sad that she did not win the race.
However, she did not take the loss in a negative
way but instead, put it as a matter of a lesson to
be learned.

16
Concession

These are transitional devices with the purpose of

granting or acknowledging sentences.

17
Transitional Device Markers
concession granted, naturally, of
course

18
Concession

The sun and moon moves in different phases.

Naturally, both of them says goodbye to each
other granted that both have to undergo
paradoxical switching in which is being day and
night.

19
Emphasis

Refers to highlighting sentences in a strong

manner.

20
Transitional Device Markers
Emphasis certainly, indeed, in fact, of
course

21
Example:

Being a student of RTPM-Dumaguete Sciencehigh

school is such a privilege. In deed, I will forever
be thankful for the opportunity given that I have
experienced better quality education in the
institution.

22
Example/Illustration

Are used to display specific examples or to

illustrate details in sentences.

23
 Transitional Device Markers
Example/Illustration after all, as in illustration,
even, for example, for
instance, for conclusion,
indeed, in fact, in other
words, in short, it is true,
namely, specifically, that is, to
illustrate, thus, truly

24
Example:

Battling depression is a challenging event in our

lives. In fact, it is taken as a serious illness since
it realistically ruins how we freely live as an
individual.

25
Summary

It concludes specific details in sentences.

26
Transitional Device Markers
Summary all in all, altogether, as has
been said, finally, in brief, in
conclusion, in other words, in
particular, in short, in simpler
terms, in summary, on the
whole, that is, therefore, to
summarize

27
Example:

She said the movie was a bit unpredictable. In

other words, she did not like it.

28
Points to remember:

Coherence focuses on uniting sentences in relating

with the idea of the topic while Cohesion on the
other hand refers to the use of connective markers
called transitional devices to connect sentences
together.

29
Thank you for
listening and
participating!