TYPES OF CLAIMS

OBJECTIVES OF THE LESSON

•Differentiate claims of fact, policy, and value.
•Classify sentences in accordance to the three claims.
•Understand underlying implications of sentences for
each claims.
 WHAT IS A CLAIM?
This includes the specific point which is
emphasized by a certain person due to a
preferred opinion or perspective on a
particular topic.
 WHAT IS A CLAIM?
This includes the specific point which is
emphasized by a certain person due to a
preferred opinion or perspective on a
particular topic.
Implicit and Explicit Claims
 IMPLICIT CLAIMS

These are claims indirectly expressed but

are being suggested or implied to be the
meaning of the text.
 EXAMPLE

“Kayla peered out the window before

heading to bed. The trees were vividly
swaying, and the puddles in her yard were
growing larger by the minute.”
 EXPLICIT CLAIMS

Are claims which is clearly or directly

expressed.
 EXAMPLE

“It was a stormy night in Greenwood. The

strong winds were causing the trees to sway,
and it rained for hours.”
Characteristics of a good
claim
1. A claim should be argumentative and
debatable.

Example: “Men are better in Math than

women.”.
2. A claim should be specific and focused.

Example: “Men are only better in Math.”

3. A claim should be interesting and engaging.

Example: Women should only stay as a

house wife while men should be the
overall breadwinner.
4. A claim should be logical.

Example: Covid-19 virus came from

animal to human transmission and not
manmade.
Claims of Fact, Value, and
Policy
 CLAIMS OF FACT

Are claims which assert the truth or

existence of something and can be tested by
examining evidence for the claim.
 EXAMPLES
“Cancer is a common disease but it is not
contagious.”

“The Philippine Eagle is a critically endangered

species.”
 EXAMPLES

“Social distancing and wearing of face mask

were practiced during the pandemic to avoid
much spreading of Covid-19 virus.”
Question: Would this claim be
considered a fact or not?

“Epidemics and Endemics have the

same nature and level of spreading
intensity to the term, ‘Pandemic’ “.
 CLAIMS OF VALUE

This refers to claims which are based from

ethical or moral standings.
 EXAMPLES
Parents should limit their children’s use of cellphones
to play online games because it ruins and decrease
their mental focus to do recreational things like playing
traditional games such as “hide and seek”, “piko”,
“sud-sud” etc. with their neighborhood friends as well
as their responsibilities in education.
 EXAMPLES

Cyberbullying possess a mental threat to the

victim.

Committing suicide is immoral.

Question: Would this claim be
considered a value or not?

“Abortion is an abomination to the

church due to its sinful action to take
away an innocent life.”
 CLAIMS OF POLICY

Refers to claims about how we should

respond to a situation or state affairs
through a particular action or piece of
legislation.
 EXAMPLES
A dress code should be introduced for all
students.

The city’s board of education should institute an

honor’s program not only for tertiary students,
but for elementary, and junior and senior high
school students as well.
 EXAMPLES

Registering your SIM cards is a must to

comply with the SIM Card Registration Act,
RA 11934.