ROLE OF GOVERNMENT IN UNDERSTANDING

THE ROLE OF VARIOUS STAKE HOLDERS

SUBJECT : Planning & management for disasters

Submitted to:
SUBMITED BY
Tuhina mam 17011BA001
17011BA015
17011BA040
SEM-V

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU ARCHITECTURE

AND FINE ARTS UNIVERSITY
Institutional Framework

National Level
 Key national-level decision-making bodies for disaster management
Name Composition
Prime Minister, Minister of
Cabinet Committee Defence, Minister of Finance,
1 on Security (CCS) Minister of Home Affairs, and
Minister of External Affairs
• Cabinet Secretary
(Chairperson)
2 National Crisis • Secretaries of Ministries /
Management Departments and agencies
Committee (NCMC with specific DM
responsibilities
Vital role
• Evaluation from a national security perspective, if an
incident has potentially security implications
• Oversee all aspects of preparedness, mitigation and
management of Chemical, Biological, Radiological and
Nuclear (CBRN) emergencies and of disasters with security
implications
• Review risks of CBRN emergencies from time to time,
giving directions for measures considered necessary for
disaster prevention, mitigation, preparedness and
effective response
• Oversee the Command, Control and Coordination of the
disaster response
• Give direction to the Crisis Management Group as
deemed necessary
• Give direction for specific actions to face crisis situations
 Name Composition Vital role

3 National Disaster • Prime Minister (Chairperson) • • Lay down policies, plans and guidelines for
Management Authority Members (not exceeding nine, disaster management
(NDMA) nominated by the Chairpers • Coordinate their enforcement and
implementation throughout the country
• Approve the NDMP and the DM plans of
the respective Ministries and Departments of
Government of India • Lay down guidelines
for disaster management to be followed by
the different Central Ministries, Departments
and the State Governments
 Name Composition
4 • Union Home Secretary (Ch
National airperson)
Executive • Secretaries to the GOI in the
Committee Ministries / Departments of
(NEC) Agriculture, Atomic Energy,
Defence, Drinking Water and
sanitation, Environment, Forests and
Climate Change Finance
• Secretaries in the Ministry of
External Affairs, Earth Sciences,
Human Resource Development,
Mines, Shipping, Road Transport and
Highways and Secretary
Vital role
• To assist the NDMA in the discharge of its functions
• Preparation of the National Plan
• Coordinate and monitor the implementation of the
National Policy
• Monitor the implementation of the National Plan
and the plans prepared by the Ministries or
Departments of the Government of India
• Ensure compliance of the directions issued by the
Central Government
• Coordinate response in the event of any
threatening disaster situation or disaster
• Coordinate with India Meteorological Department
(IMD) and a number of other specialized scientific
institutions which constitute key early warning and
monitoring agencies
• Coordinate with Civil Defence volunteers, home
guards and fire services, through the relevant
administrative departments of the State
Governments
 Name Composition Vital role

5 National Disaster Specially trained force Provide assistance to the relevant State Government/District
Response Force headed by a Director Administration in the event of an imminent hazard event or in its
(NDRF) General Structured like aftermath
para military forces for
rapid deployment

6 National Institute Union Home Minister; • Human resource development and capacity building for disaster
of Disaster Vice Chairman, NDMA; management within the broad policies and guidelines laid down
Management Members including by the NDMA
(NIDM) Secretaries of various • Design, develop and implement training programmers
nodal Ministries and • Undertake research
Departments of • Formulate and implement a comprehensive human resource
Government of India development plan
and State Governments • Provide assistance in national policy formulation
and heads of national • Develop educational materials for dissemination
levels scientific, • Promote awareness generation
research and technical
organizations, besides
eminent scholars,
scientists and
practitioners.
Nodal Ministry for Management / Mitigation of Different Disasters
S TAT E L E V E L -
INSTITUTIONALFRAMEWORK
 Central Agencies Designated for Natural Hazard-Specific Early Warnings

Responsibility Matrix for Preparedness and Response

 Preparedness
• An annual Conference of Relief Commissioners, Secretaries, to the Department of Disaster
Management of States and UTs is organized before the onset of south west monsoon to review
the status of preparedness for ensuing Monsoon and to discuss other disaster management
related issues.
• The representatives of various Central Ministries, Organizations rendering Emergency Support
Functions besides representatives of Central Para-Military Forces also participate.
• Necessary guidelines in the form of checklist for taking necessary preparatory measures are
issued to the State for their guidance and appropriate action.
• Instructions are also issued for creating reserves of essential items required during rescue and
relief phase.
 Emergency
Vulnerability Dissemination
Response
assessment of warning
activities

Maintenance of
Rapid Damage
Coordination essential
Assessment
services

Stocking of
essential Medicines Drinking water

Checklist
commodities

Evacuation Plan
Shelter/Camps Pre- Contract

Activating Search &

Communication
Control Rooms Rescue Team

Identification of Preparedness
Status of SDRF
Nodal Officer Drill
 Trigger mechanism
• This mechanism has been developed to activate the disaster response system automatically
after receiving warning signals of a disaster happening or likely to happen or on receipt of
information about the incident.
• The responders are required to undertake activities as per the SOPs issued in respect of such
disasters.
• There may be scenario where early warning signals could be available and there may happen a
disaster without any early warning.
 Role of central government
• Ministry of Home Affairs is the nodal Ministry for management of natural disasters (other than drought,
hailstorm and pest attack, which are handled by Ministry of Agriculture) on behalf of the Government of
India. Disaster Management Division (DM Division) performs the function in the Ministry of Home Affairs.
• The Central and State Governments are jointly responsible for undertaking relief, rehabilitation,
preparedness, mitigation and response measures. The basic responsibility for undertaking these
measures in the event of a disaster rests with the concerned State Government.
• The Central Government supplements the efforts of the State Governments by providing logistic and
financial support in case of natural calamities of severe nature. The logistic support includes deployment
of aircrafts and boats, specialist teams of Armed Forces, Central Paramilitary Forces and personnel of
National Disaster Response Force (NDRF), arrangements for relief materials & essential commodities
including medical stores, restoration of critical infrastructure facilities including communication network
and such other assistance as may be required by the affected States to meet the situation effectively.
• DM Division of MHA closely monitors the disaster and disaster like situation to facilitate strategic
interventions in the form of logistic and financial support by the Government of India to augment the
resources of the affected States and UTs to deal effectively with each disaster situation.
 Cabinet Committee on Management of
Natural Calamities
• It is constituted to
• Oversee all aspects relating to management of natural calamities including assessment of the
situation and identification of measures considered necessary to reduce its impact,
• Examine and implement programmes for reducing the adverse impact of natural calamities,
• Monitor and suggest long term measures for prevention of such calamities in the future; and,
• Formulate and recommend programmes for public awareness for building up society’s resilience to
natural calamities.
• The Committee is to be serviced by Ministry of Home Affairs in all cases except in cases relating to
Drought Management and Epidemics when it is serviced, as the case may be, by the Department of
Agriculture and Cooperation and Department of Health and Family Welfare.
 Role of state
government
In the context of federal set-up of India,
the responsibility to formulate the
Governments response to a natural
calamity is essentially that of the
concerned State Government. However,
the Central Government, with its
resources, physical and financial does
provide the needed help and assistance
to buttress relief efforts in the wake of
major natural disasters. The dimensions
of the response at the level of National
Government are determined in
accordance with the existing policy of
financing the relief expenditure and
keeping in view the factors like
(i) gravity of a natural calamity,
(ii) scale of the relief operation necessary, and
(iii) Requirements of Central assistance for augmenting the financial
resources at the disposal of the State Government.
• Most of the States have Relief Commissioners under the
Department of Disaster Management, who are in charge of the
relief measures in the wake of natural disasters.
• In the absence of the Relief Commissioner, the Chief Secretary or
an Officer nominated by him is in overall charge of the Relief
operations in the concerned State. At the state level, the State
Relief Commissioner supervises and controls relief operations
through Collectors or Deputy Commissioners, who are the main
functionaries to coordinate the relief operation at district level.
• The State Governments are autonomous in organizing relief
operations in the event of natural disasters and in developing the
long-term rehabilitation measures. The State Government’s efforts
are supplemented by central Government based on the
recommendations of the Finance Commission.
 Role of district
administration
• The district Administration is the focal point for field
level organizations. It is responsible for
implementation of all government contingency
plans. Considerable powers have therefore been
wrested upon the District Collector to carry out
operations in the shortest possible time.
• The District Administration in the country is
required to prepare an advance Contingency
• Plan depending on the type of disaster likely to
affect the district. Contingency Plans are to follow a
framework as laid down nationally which comprises •
type of preparedness, the relief material required to
be mobilized and the concerned departments that
need to work together and provide an efficient
feedback and monitoring system.
• The District Magistrate exercises coordinating and
supervisory powers over functionaries of all the
Departments at the district level in the event of
emergencies.
• During actual operations for disaster mitigation or
relief, the powers of the Collector are considerably
enhanced, generally, by standing instructions or
orders on the subject, or by specific Governments
orders, if so required.
• Sometimes, the administrative culture of the
State concerned permits, although informally,
the collector to exercise higher powers in
emergency situations and the decisions are later
ratified by the competent authority.
District Relief Committee: The district level Relief
Committee consisting of official and non-official
members including the local Legislators and the
Members of Parliament reviews the relief
measures.
 Role of sub district administration
• A District is sub-divided into sub-divisions and Tehsils or Talukas.
• The head of a sub-division is called the Sub-Divisional Officer (SDO) while the head of a Tehsil is
generally known as the Tehsildar (Talukdar or Mamlatdar in some States). Contact with the
individual villages is through the village Officer or Patwari who has one or more villages in his
charge.
• When a disaster is apprehended, the entire machinery of the District, including officers of technical
and other Departments, swings into action and maintains almost continuous contact with each
village in the disaster threatened area.
• In the case of extensive disasters like drought, contact is maintained over a short cycle of a few
days. The entire hierarchy right from the Central Government (the Department of Agriculture and
Cooperation in the Ministry of Agriculture and irrigation) to the District level is connected by
means of a telecommunication system
 Capacity development activities - Centre and State
Task Central State Activities

1 Deploying good GoI, NDMA, MHA, All SDMA, CoR, • Identification of gap between
resources, advanced Nodal Min./ Dept. Revenue Dept.,all existing ones and those required on
technology and Nodal Dept./ All Line the basis of hazard risk and
equipment Depts. vulnerability and lessons learnt from
recent past disasters
• Procurements of additional
equipment with advanced
technologies

2 Resource Network MHA, NIC, NIDM, State Govt., SDMA, • Maintaining the resource network •
NDMA CoR, Revenue Dept., Monitoring and maintaining the
DDMA resource data • Regular updating the
resource data

3 Communication NDMA, MHA, DoT, State Govt., SDMA, Developing fail-safe communications
DST, NIC CoR, Revenue with advance technology
Dept.,DDMA
 Task Central State Activities
4 National Disaster NDMA, NIDM, State Govt., • Interface with the National Emergency
Information MHA, DoT, SDMA, CoR, Communication Network (NECN) and HRVA
System various Min., Revenue Dept., • Facilitate access to Central Ministries/ Dept./
Dept., DST, NIC DDMAs States and other authorised users
• Examine integration of national HRVA data base
with the IDRN for effective resource management

5 Early Warning IMD, CWC, GSI, State/ UT and • Improve the last mile connectivity
INCOIS, MoD, nodal Dept. of • Up-grade technical infrastructure and systems
DRDO, MoAFW, the States,
IIRS, NRSC, Panchayats,ULBs
ISRO

6 Strengthening NIDM, MoHRD, State/ UT, State • Research and extension support grants
training institutes MHA, NDMA ATIs • Create/ strengthen state level DM institutes
for disaster
management
7 Strengthening of NDMA, MHA State Govt., • Review functioning
Emergency SDMA, CoR • Improve capabilities based on experience after
Operation Centres each disaster event
• Deploy best of ICT
• Conduct capacity audits of EOCs
• Set up State and District level EOCs with
adequate trained manpower
 Task Central State Activities

8 Strengthening of Fire MHA, MoEFCC State/UT,SDMA, Revamping with institutional reforms,

and Emergency CoR, Revenue modernization, and changes in legal
Services Dept., and framework
departments,
ULBs

9 Mainstreaming of DM NDMA, MHA, State Govt., Conduct trainings and workshops on

into local governance Nodal Min./ SDMA, CoR, incorporating DM plans into local
Dept., all Revenue Dept., all governance
Ministries Nodal Dept./ All
Line Dept
10 Strengthening MHA, NDMA, SDMA, CoR, • Training on CBDR and preparedness at
Community skills NDRF, Nodal Min. Revenue Dept., all local levels
Nodal Dept. • Address gender issues, and special needs
of children, disabled, aged, etc. holistically
in the DM context
• Promote private sector and civil society
involvement
• Promote PPPs

11 Use of media for NDMA, MHA, SDMA,CoR, Trainings and Workshops

disaster management Min. I&B, Nodal Revenue Dept., all
Min./ Dept. Nodal Dept.
 Task Central State Activities

12 Human Resource NDMA, MHA, MoHRD, SDMA,CoR, Organize relevant training programs &
Development NIDM, DoPT, Nodal Revenue refresher courses
Min./Dept. Dept., all
Nodal Dept.
13 To enhance DM MHA, NDMA, NIDM SDMA, SIDM Conduct trainings in disaster management
and DRR at district level
capacities at local
levels
14 Developing the NIDM, MoST, MoEF, SDMA, SIDM • Technical and professional programs
technical MoHRD relevant to various specialized aspects of
capacities and DM
professional • Research in key areas of DM
disciplines
15 Promoting NIDM, MoHRD, MoST, SDMA, State • Incorporate subjects of relevance to DM in
disaster MoEF, MoHFW, UGC, Ed. Boards curriculum
management NCERT, CBSE,ICSE, • Introduced specialized programs, degrees,
education and AICTE, and other courses and diplomas
research relevant agencies/ • Promote relevant research projects,
boards programs within institutes and through
research grants
16 Sensitization and NIDM, NIRD, NDMA, SDMA, SIDM, • Educate political leadership and elected
education for NDRF, MoUD, MoRD ATI, SIRD, representatives on risk sensitive planning,
political leaders SDRF disaster prevention, and mitigation
References

National Disaster Management Plan 2016

https://
mha.gov.in/sites/default/files/National%20Disaster%20Management%20Plan%20May%
202016.pdf