Probability & Statistics

Math-361
Lecture No. 5

Measures of central Tendency

 Properties Arithmetic Mean
1. Sum of deviations taken from mean is zero.
2. Sum of squared deviations taken from mean
is minimum.
3. If data is divided into subgroups then mean
for all data is given by weighted mean of all
subgroup means.
4. Mean remains invariant under linear
transformation.
Example: The mean heights and the number of students in three
sections of a statistics class are given below.
Section Number of boys Mean height
A 40 62”
B 37 58”
C 43 61”

Find the overall mean height of 120 boys.

Mean From Grouped Data:
If a frequency distribution has “k” classes with midpoints
,…., ,…., , the mean is given by the formula
 Geometric Mean
The Geometric mean, G, of a set of n positive
values ,…, is defined as positive nth root of their
product i.e.
, where
When n is large, the computation of the
geometric mean become laborious. Thus, taking
logarithms we get
 Cont…

The weighted geometric mean of the values ,…, with

corresponding weights ,…, is given by

G.M for grouped data: Geometric mean for grouped

data is given by
 Harmonic Mean
The harmonic mean, H, of a set of n values ,…, is
defined as