STRUCTURE

1
By : Mrs. Ulan Nopita Sari
S.Pd
 01
Simple Present Tense
 Functi
on
HABIT FACT
(KEBIASAAN) (FAKTA dimasa
sekarang)
• Brandon drinks milk
• James is a policeman
every day
• The sun rises from the
• I usually get up at 5.00
east
a.m
 Adverb of time
Always : Selalu

Usually : Biasanya

Often : Sering

Sometimes : Kadang-kadang

Seldom : Jarang

Everyday : Setiap Hari

Every week: Setiap Minggu

Twice a day: 2 kali sehari

 Characteristics
Use Verb 1 + s/es Use To be
(for singular noun Am, Is, Are
Or she,he,it) • am :I
• is : she, he it
Read -> Reads • are : you they we

Verb –es

• Ss : discuss-discusses
• Ch : watch-watches
• Sh : brush-brushes
• X : mix-mixes
• O : do-does
 Verbal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)
S+ Verb 1 (s/es) + O/C S+ do/does not +
• We play football every week •
Verb 1+ O/C
We don’t play football
• Tom swims in the swimming everyweek
pool twice a week • Tom doesn’t swim in the
swimming pool twice a week
Do/Does+S+Verb
•
1+ O/C
Do they play football every
week ? Yes, they do / No,
they don’t
• Does Tom swim in the
swimming pool twice a week
? Yes, he does/No, he
doesn’t
 Nominal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya tidak aksi / (verb), namun diikuti noun /
adjective
S+ am/is/are/ + Noun/Adjective S+ am/is/are/ + not +am/is/are/ + S+Noun/Adjective
Noun/Adjective

• Mr. Brown is a doctor • Mr. Brown is not a doctor • Is Mr. Brown a doctor ?
• They are angry • They are not angry Yes,he is/ No he is not
• Are they angry ? Yes, they
are/ No, they are not
 Exercise

P : What do Udin and

Jamal do ? ?

Q : They read a novel

P : What does she do ?

Q : She cooks meatball P : What does he do ?

for dinner
Q : He washes the dishes
02
Simple Past Tense
Functi
on PAST EVENT
(Hal yang terjadi di masa
lalu)

• Jack visited his grandma

last Sunday
• Yesterday, I did not come
to their wedding party
 Adverb of time
Yesterday : Kemarin

Last week : Minggu lalu

2 days ago : 2 hari yg lalu

This morning: Pagi tadi

On Sunday : Pada hari minggu

2001 : 2001
 Characteristics
Use Verb 2 Use To be
(for positive form only) Was/Were
• Go-went
• Buy-bought • was : I,she, he it
• Send-sent (Tunggal)
• were : you they we
-ed verb (Jamak)
• Climb-climbed
• Play-played
• Borrow-borrowed
 Verbal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)

S+ Verb 2+ O/C S+ did not + Verb 1+ O/C Did +S+Verb 1+ O/C

• We played football last week
• Tom swam in the swimming
pool yesterday
• We didn’t play football last
week
• Tom didn’t swim in the
swimming pool yesterday
• Did they play football last
week ? Yes, we did / No, we
didn’t
• Did Tom swim in the
swimming pool yesterday ?
Yes, he did/No, he didn’t
 Nominal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya tidak aksi / (verb), namun diikutu noun /
adjective
S+ was/were+ S+ was/were + not Was/were+S +
Noun/Adjective Noun/Adjective Noun/Adjective

• Mr. Brown was a doctor • Mr. Brown was not a doctor • was Mr. Brown a doctor ?
• They were angry • They were not angry Yes,he was/ No he was not
• were they angry ? Yes, they
were/ No, they were not
 Example

P : What did Udin and

Jamal do last evening ? ?

Q : They read a novel

P : What did she do this

morning ?
Q : She cooked meatball P : What did he do 2
this morning hours ago ?
Q : He washed the dishes
03
Simple future tense
Functi
on FUTURE EVENT
(Hal yang terjadi di masa
depan)

• Jack will visit his

grandma next friday

• I will be a policeman
 Adverb of time
Tomorrow : Besok

Soon : Segera

Tonight : Malam nanti

Later : Nanti

In the near future : Dalam waktu dekat

Next week : Pekan depan

Next month: Bulan depan

Next Monday: Senin depan

Characteristics

Use “will / be going to”

(akan)

(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)
S+ will+Verb 1+ O/C
• We will play football next
week
• Tom will swim in the
swimming pool later
Verbal
S+ will not (won’t) + Verb
1+ O/C
• We will not play football next
week
• Tom won’t swim in the
swimming pool later
Will + S + Verb 1+
O/C ?
• Will they play football next
week ? Yes, they will / No,
they will not
• Will he swim in the
swimming pool later ? Yes,
he will / No, he will not
 Nominal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya tidak aksi / (verb), namun diikuti noun /
adjective
S+ will be+ Noun/Adjective S+ will not be + Will +S+ be +
Noun/Adjective Noun/Adjective

• Mr. Brown will be in New
York
• They will be angry
• Mr. Brown will not be in
Jakarta
• They won’t be angry
• Will Mr. Brown be in New
York ? Yes,he will be/ No he
will not be
• Will they be angry ? Yes,
they will be/ No, they will not
be
 Verbal ( be going to)
(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)

S+ am,is,are+going S+ am,is,are + not + going Am is are + S + going

to+Verb 1+O/C to+ Verb 1+ O/C to + Verb 1+ O/C ?

• We are going to play football
next week
• Tom is going to swim in the
swimming pool later
• We are not going to play
football next week
• Tom is not going to swim in
the swimming pool later
• Are they going to play
football next week ? Yes, we
are going to / No, we aren’t
going to
• Is he going to swim in the
swimming pool later ? Yes,
he is going to / No, he is not
going to
 Nominal (be going to)
(Kalimat yang didalamnya tidak aksi / (verb), namun diikutu noun /
adjective
S+ am,is,are going to be+ S+ am,is,are not going to be Am is are +S+ going to be
Noun/Adjective + Noun/Adjective Noun/Adjective

• Mr. Brown is going to be in
New York
• They are going to be angry
• Mr. Brown is not going to be
in Jakarta
• They are not going to be
angry
• Is Mr. Brown going to be in
New York ? Yes,he is going
to be / No he is not going to
be
• Are they going to be angry ?
Yes, they are going to be/
No, they are not going to be
 04
Present Continous
Tense/
Present Progressive
Tense
Functi
onBertujuan untuk menunjukkan
suatu kejadian yang sedang
dilakukan sekarang.Dalam artian
saat mengucapkan kalimat
tersebut, hal tersebut sedang di
lakukan

“I’m studying English right now”

 Adverb of time

Now : Sekarang

Right now : Sekarang juga

At the moment : Saat ini

Characteristics

Use “ Verb ing”

Go : Going
Study : Studying
Paint : Painting
 Verbal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)

S+am,is,are+ Verb-ing S+ am,is,are,+not + Verb- Am,is,are +S+Verb-ing+

O/C
• We are playing football now
• Tom is swimming now
ing+ O/C
• We are not playing football
now
• Tom is not swimming now
O/C
• Are they playing football now
? Yes, they are / No, they
are not
• Is he swimming now? Yes,
he is/No, he is not
 Exercise

P : What are Udin and

Jamal doing now ?

Q : They are reading a

novel

P : What is she doing

now?
Q : She is cooking P : What is he doing
meatball for dinner now ?
Q : He is washing the
dishes
05
Present perfect tense

Bertujuan untuk
menunjukkan suatu aksi
yang baru saja terjadi
“I have just eaten a banana”
Functi
on
Bertujuan untuk menunjukkan Bertujuan untuk
durasi waktu dari suatu kejadian menunjukkan kejadian
yang terjadi di masa lalu
“I have studied English for 2 dgn waktu yg tidak spesifik
hours”
“I have visited Bali”
Adverb of time

Since : Sejak

For : Selama

Already : Sudah

Several times: Beberapa

kali

Yet/Not yet: belum

Characteristics

Use “have/has”
(sudah)
Have : I, You, They, We
( Subject Jamak)

Has : She, He, It (Subject

Tunggal)
 Verbal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)

S+has/have+Verb 3 O/C S+ has/have not + Verb 3+ Has/Have +S+Verb 3+

• We have played football
since 2022
• Tom has swum in the
swimming pool for 1 hour
O/C
• We have not played football
since 2022
• Tom has not swum in the
swimming pool for 1 hour
O/C
• Have they played football
since 2022 ? Yes, They have
/ No, they have not
• Has Tom swum in the
swimming pool for 1 hour ?
Yes, he has, No, he has not
 Nominal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya tidak aksi / (verb), namun diikuti noun /
adjective
S+ has/have been+ S+ has/have not + been Has/have+S+ been
Noun/Adjective Noun/Adjective +Noun/Adjective

• Mr. Brown has been in New
York
• They have been hungry
• Mr. Brown has not been in
Jakarta
• They have not been hungry
• Has Mr. Brown been in New
York ? Yes,he has been/ No
he has not been
• Have they been hungry ?
Yes, they have been/ No,
they have not been
 Exercise

P : What have Udin and

Jamal done ?

Q : They have read a

novel

P : What have you done ?

(Apa yang sudah kau
lakukan ?) P : What has he done ?

Q : He has washed the

Q : I have cooked dishes
meatball for dinner
06
Past perfect tense
Functi
on
Bertujuan untuk menunjukkan
dua aktivitas masa lalu
Yang mana aktivitas ini
duluan/sudah selesai terjadi

“I had studied English before

Jack came here”
Adverb of time

Before : Sebelum

After : Sesudah

When : Ketika
Characteristics

Use “had”
(sudah selesai)
Had : Untuk pelaku Tunggal dan
jamak

Use “simple past tense”

(untuk aksi setelah aksi
dari kalimat past
perfect)
S+Verb 2+ O
S+ didn’t+Verb1+O
Did+S+Verb1+O

Was/were
 Verbal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya terdapat “verb” (aksi) yang dilakukan)

S+had+Verb 3 O/C S+ had not + Verb 3+ O/C had +S+Verb 3+ O/C

• We had played football
before we studied english
• We hadn’t played football
before we studied english
• Had they played football
before they studied
English ?
• Yes, they had / No, they had
not
 Nominal
(Kalimat yang didalamnya tidak aksi / (verb), namun diikuti noun /
adjective
S+ had been+ S+ had not + been Had+S+ been
Noun/Adjective Noun/Adjective +Noun/Adjective

• Mr. Brown had been in New • Mr. Brown had not been in • Had Mr. Brown been in
York before he joined the New York before he joined New York before he joined
competition the competition the competition ? Yes, he
had been/ No, he had been
not
1. Jack _____ (go)to the party after he _____ (visit) his mom in
Jakarta.
2. My mother _____ (cook) a bowl of soup before we _______(have)
dinner
3. Mr. Brown _____ (be) Nervous before he _____(sing) on the stage.
4. Galih and James ______ (give) some advice to Mr. Andre after they
______ (know) that news
5. I ______ (wash) my clothes before I _____ (go) for walk to the park
6. My father _____(clean) her office room before he ____ (has) a
meeting
7. She _____ (shock)after she _____ (hear) that explosion.
8. After Mike _______ (fall) by the motorcycle, he _______ (stay) at
home
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