MUHIMBILI UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH AND ALLIED SCIENCES.

SCHOOL OF NURSING

DEPARTMENT OF COMMUNITY HEALTH NURSING

NF400: FORENSIC AND COMMUNITY MENTAL HEALTH
GROUP 2
MARCH 2023
Group members
S/N NAME REGISTRATION NO: PROGRAM
01 HARUNA KAMBI 2019-04-13434 BSN
02 LUSAJO F KAYANGE 2019-04-13604 BSN
03 KISSA TIMOTHY KILEMBE 2019-04-13573 BSN
04 ISAKA LENARD MATHAYO 2019-04-13475 BSN
05 INNOCENT NESTORY MJOLEKA 2019-04-13468 BSN
06 HANNAFI A NGOMERO 2019-04-13425 BSN
07 JASTIN ANTON NTARISHA 2019-04-13508 BSN
08 LEONARD PAUL 2019-04-13582 BSN
09 MADUKA MANYAMA BULUGU 2019-04-13609 BSN
10 MARTIN THOMAS 2018-04-11705 BSN
 QUESTION

• Classification/ specific mental health problems to children

 Objective
At the end of this session, students should be able to:
Classify/specify mental health problem to children
• Specific mental health problems in children
Neurodevelopment disorders
Disruptive impulse-control and conduct disorders
Anxiety disorders
Eating and feeding disorders
Elimination disorders
Trauma and stress related disorder
 1. Neurodevelopment disorders

These are the disability of the brain that affect a

child’s behavior, memory or ability to learn. It
includes:
-Autism spectrum disorder
-Specific learning disorders
-Intellectual disability
-Communication disorders
 Neurodevelopment disorders Conti…
(a) Autism disorders
These are the disability that characterized by difficult in behavior, social
interaction, and communication and a restricted or repetitive (stereotype
type) patterns of thought and behavior.

(b) Specific learning disorders

These are disabilities that interfere with the student’s ability to listen,
think, spell, speak, write or do mathematical calculations.

(c) Intellectual disorders

These are disabilities that affect intellectual functioning (learning,
problem solving and judgement) and adaptive functioning ( everyday
 Neurodevelopment disorders Conti…
(d) Communication disorder
Is an impairment in the ability to receive, Send, process, and comprehend
concepts or verbal, nonverbal and graphic symbol systems.

(e) Attention deficit or hyperactivity disorder

Is the disorder characterized by symptoms of inattention (such as
destructibility, disorganization or forgetfulness) or by symptoms of
hyperactivity or impulsivity like fidgeting, speaking out of turn or restlessness.

(f) Motor disorders

Are malfunctions of the nervous system that cause involuntary or
uncontrollable movement or actions of the body.
2. Disruptive impulse-control and conduct disorders

Refer to the a group of disorders that include:

-Oppositional defiant disorder
-Conduct disorder
-Intermittent explosive disorder
-Kleptomania
-Pyromania
Disruptive impulse-control and conduct disorders cont…
(a) Oppositional defiant disorder
Is a disorder in a child marked by defiant and disobedient behavior to authority figures.
(b) Conduct disorder
Is a mental disorder in a childhood or adolescence that presents itself through a
repetitive in which the basic rights of others are violated.
(c) Intermittent explosive disorder
The disorder is characterized by repeated, suddenly episodes of impulsive, aggressive,
violate behavior or angry verbal outbursts.
(d) Kleptomania
Is the recurrent inability to resist urges to steal items that is generally not needed and
have little value.
(e) Pyromania
Is an impulse control disorder in which a child repeatedly fail to resist impulses
deliberately start fire, in order to relief tension or for instant gratification.
 3. Anxiety disorders
These are disorders characterized by feelings of worries, fear that are strong
enough to interfere or disturb one’s daily activities. They include:
-Separation anxiety disorder
-Selective mutism

(a) Separation anxiety disorder

The disorder characterized by excessive worry and fear about being apart
from family members, or individual to whom a child is most attached.

(b) Selective mutism

Is an anxiety disorder in which a child normally capable of speech can not
speak in a specific situations or to a specific people if triggered.
 4. Eating and feeding disorders
Is a range of psychological disorders characterized by abnormal or disturbed eating
habits. They include:
Pica
Anorexia nervosa
Bulimia nervosa
(a) Pica
Is an eating disorder in which a child eats things that are not usually considered food
that may lead to health problems.
(b) Anorexia nervosa
Is an eating disorder that characterized by abnormally low body weight, an intense
fear of gaining weight and distorted perception of weight.
(c) Bulimia nervosa
Is an eating disorder characterized by episodes of binge eating a lot of food quickly
followed by compensatory behavior like vomiting.
 5. Elimination disorders
These disorders occur when a child who are otherwise old enough to eliminate
wastes appropriately repeatedly void feces or urine in inappropriate place or
time. It include:
-Encopresis disorder
-Enuresis disorder

(a) Encopresis disorder

Is the repeatedly passage of feces in inappropriate places by a child of at least
4 years old.

(b) Enuresis disorder

Is an intermittent urinary incontinence during sleep in a child of at least 5
years old.
 6. Trauma and stress related disorders
These are group of emotional and behavioral problems
that result from childhood traumatic and stressful
experiences. They includes:
-Reactive attachment disorder
-Disinhibited social engagement disorder
-Adjustment disorder
-Stress disorder
-Post traumatic stress disorder
 Trauma and stress related disorders
(a) Reactive attachment disorder
Is a condition in which an infant or young child does not form a secure, health
emotional bond with his or her primary caretakers (parental figures)
(b) Disinhibited social engagement disorder
Is a disorder in which a child tend to interact actively with unfamiliar adults.
c) Adjustment disorder
Is an abnormal, debilitating and excessive reaction usually lasting less than six
months to a life stress such as starting school or experiencing grief.
(d) Stress disorder
This disorder occur when a child has a particularly strong reaction to a stressing
event such as a real or threatened death, serious injury, sexual violation or a natural
disaster.
(e) Post traumatic stress disorder
Is the disorder characterized by failure to recover after experiencing or witnessing a
 References
 Diagnostic and statistical Manual of Mental disorders, Fifth
edition(Dsm-5).
 Wiener JM, Dulcan MK: The American Psychiatric Publishing
Textbook of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, 3rd ed. Washington,
DC, American Psychiatric Publishing, 2004.
 Shives, L.R. (2007). Basic concepts of psychiatric-mental health
nursing. 7ed. Philadelphia: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins