HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

HashMap and Hash Table:

HashMap is indeed implemented using a hash table data structure.

A hash table provides constant-time average-case complexity for basic operations like

insertions, deletions, and lookups (assuming a good hash function and handling of

collisions).
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

TreeMap and Red-Black Tree:

TreeMap is implemented using a Red-Black Tree.

A Red-Black Tree is a self-balancing binary search tree that ensures logarithmic height and

guarantees logarithmic time complexity for basic operations like search, insert, and

delete.
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

Performance Comparison:

HashMap is generally faster than TreeMap for insertion, deletion, and searching, with an

average-case constant time for these operations.

TreeMap, being a balanced tree structure, has logarithmic time complexity for these

operations. This means that as the number of elements grows, TreeMap operations will

generally take more time compared to HashMap.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

Ordering:

HashMap does not guarantee any specific order of its elements. The order of elements in a

HashMap is not based on the keys or values.

TreeMap, on the other hand, maintains a sorted order based on the natural ordering of its

keys or a custom comparator if provided during construction. This allows for efficient

range queries and iteration in a sorted order.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

1.Create a TreeMap Instance:

To convert a HashMap to a TreeMap, start by creating a new TreeMap instance. The TreeMap is

a sorted map implementation in Java.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

2. Copy Elements:

Iterate through the entries of the original HashMap.

Insert each entry (key-value pair) into the TreeMap. The TreeMap's internal Red-Black Tree

structure automatically maintains the sorted order based on keys.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

3. Automatic Ordering:

The TreeMap's sorting mechanism ensures that the entries are stored in ascending order

based on the natural ordering of keys or a custom comparator if specified.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

PSEUDOCODE

function convertHashMapToTreeMap(hashMap):

// Step 1: Create a TreeMap instance

TreeMap treeMap = new TreeMap()

// Step 2: Copy elements from HashMap to TreeMap

for each entry in hashMap:

key = entry.getKey()

value = entry.getValue()

treeMap.put(key, value)

// Step 3: Return the TreeMap

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP
PSEUDOCODE
import java.util.HashMap;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.TreeMap;
public class HashMapToTreeMapConverter {
public static void main(String[] args) {
// Step 1: Create a HashMap
Map<Integer, String> hashMap = new
HashMap<>();
hashMap.put(3, "Apple");
hashMap.put(1, "Banana");
hashMap.put(2, "Orange");
// Step 2: Convert HashMap to TreeMap
using the algorithm
TreeMap<Integer, String> treeMap =
convertHashMapToTreeMap(hashMap);
// Print the TreeMap
System.out.println("TreeMap: " +
treeMap);
}
// Step 3: Algorithm implementation
private static TreeMap<Integer, String>
convertHashMapToTreeMap(Map<Integer, String>
hashMap) {
TreeMap<Integer, String> treeMap = new
TreeMap<>();
for (Map.Entry<Integer, String>
entry : hashMap.entrySet()) {
Integer key = entry.getKey();
String value = entry.getValue();
treeMap.put(key, value);
}
return treeMap;
}
}
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

There are a few ways to convert HashMap to TreeMap in Java:

1. Using Collectors (valid in Java 8 and above)

2. Using vanilla Java

3. Using Guava library

4. Manual conversion
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

1. Using Vanilla Java (Direct Method)

Pass HashMap instance to the TreeMap constructor OR to putAll() method.

This will directly create the TreeMap from the HashMap

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

ALGORITHM

1.Get the HashMap to be converted:

Accept a HashMap instance as a parameter, which is the original map that you want

to convert to a TreeMap.

2.Create a new TreeMap:

Instantiate a new TreeMap instance. This will be the target TreeMap that will

store the elements in sorted order.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

ALGORITHM

3.Pass the HashMap to putAll() method of TreeMap:

Use the putAll() method of the TreeMap to copy all elements from the HashMap into

the TreeMap. This step automatically leverages the TreeMap constructor that

accepts a Map to create a sorted copy.

4.Return the formed TreeMap:

Return the newly formed TreeMap containing the elements in sorted order based on

their keys.
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

import java.util.*;
import java.util.stream.*;
class Main
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> convertToTreeMap(Map<K, V> hashMap)
{
Map<K, V> treeMap = new TreeMap<>();
treeMap.putAll(hashMap);
return treeMap;
}
public static void main(String args[])
{
Map<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
hashMap.put("1", "Welcome");
hashMap.put("2", "to");
hashMap.put("3", "Coding Class");
System.out.println("Original HashMap: " + hashMap);
Map<String, String> treeMap = convertToTreeMap(hashMap);
System.out.println("TreeMap: " + treeMap);
}
}
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

Stream.collect()

The Stream.collect() method is part of the Java Stream API and is used to

transform the elements of a stream into a different form. It takes a

Collector as an argument, which specifies how the elements should be

accumulated.
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

ALGORITHM

1.Create a new TreeMap

Declare a new TreeMap that will store the entries in sorted order.

2.Convert HashMap entries to Stream:**

Use the entrySet() method to get the entries from the HashMap.

Convert the set of entries into a Stream.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

ALGORITHM

3.Collect entries into TreeMap

Use the Collectors.toMap collector to collect the entries into a TreeMap.

The toMap collector takes four parameters:

Map.Entry::getKey specifies the key for each entry.

Map.Entry::getValue specifies the value for each entry.

(oldValue, newValue) -> newValue resolves any potential conflicts by keeping

the new value.

TreeMap::new specifies the type of the resulting map.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

ALGORITHM

4.Return the TreeMap

The resulting TreeMap now contains the entries from the original HashMap

sorted based on keys.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

PSUEDOCODE

function convertToTreeMap(hashMap):

// Step 1: Create a new TreeMap

TreeMap treeMap = new TreeMap()

// Step 2: Convert HashMap entries to Stream

Stream<Entry<K, V>> entryStream = hashMap.entrySet().stream()

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

PSUEDOCODE

// Step 3: Collect entries into TreeMap

treeMap = entryStream.collect(

Collectors.toMap(

Entry::getKey,

Entry::getValue,

(oldValue, newValue) -> newValue,

TreeMap::new))

// Step 4: Return the TreeMap

return treeMap
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

import java.util.*; public static void main(String args[]) {

import java.util.stream.*; Map<String, String> hashMap = new
HashMap<>();
class Main { hashMap.put("1", "A");
public static <K, V> Map<K, V> hashMap.put("2", "B");
convertToTreeMap(Map<K, V> hashMap) { hashMap.put("3", "W");
Map<K, V> treeMap = hashMap.put("4", "X");
hashMap.entrySet() hashMap.put("6", "Y");
.stream() hashMap.put("7", "Z");
.collect(Collectors.toMap(
Map.Entry::getKey, System.out.println("HashMap: " +
Map.Entry::getValue, hashMap);
(oldValue, newValue)
-> newValue, Map<String, String> treeMap =
TreeMap::new convertToTreeMap(hashMap);
)
); System.out.println("TreeMap: " +
treeMap);
return treeMap; }
} }
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

EXPLANATION

Using Guava library

Guava also provides a TreeMap implementation which can be used to create an

empty TreeMap instance.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP
ALGORITHM

1.Create a new `TreeMap`:

Declare a new `TreeMap` named `treeMap`.

2.Convert `HashMap` entries to `TreeMap`:

Use the `putAll()` method of the `TreeMap` class to copy all entries from the

`HashMap` to the `treeMap`.

The `TreeMap` will automatically organize the entries based on the natural

ordering of keys (`String` in this case).

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

ALGORITHM

3.Return the `TreeMap`:

The resulting `TreeMap` now contains the entries from the original `HashMap`

sorted based on keys.

 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP

PSUEDOCODE

function convertToTreeMap(hashMap):

// Step 1: Create a new TreeMap

TreeMap treeMap = new TreeMap()

// Step 2: Copy all entries from HashMap to TreeMap

treeMap.putAll(hashMap)

// Step 3: Return the TreeMap

return treeMap
 HASH MAP TO TREE MAP
import java.util.*;
class EthCode {
public static <K extends Comparable<? super K>, V> Map<K, V>
convertToTreeMap(Map<K, V> hashMap) {
Map<K, V> treeMap = new TreeMap<>();
treeMap.putAll(hashMap);
return treeMap;
}
public static void main(String args[]) {
Map<String, String> hashMap = new HashMap<>();
hashMap.put("1", "A");
hashMap.put("2", "B");
hashMap.put("3", "W");
hashMap.put("4", "X");
hashMap.put("6", "Y");
hashMap.put("7", "Z");
System.out.println("HashMap: " + hashMap);
Map<String, String> treeMap = convertToTreeMap(hashMap);
System.out.println("TreeMap: " + treeMap);
}
}
 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

1. What is a winner tree, and how does it work?

Answer: A winner tree is a binary tree where each internal node

represents the minimum value among its children. It efficiently identifies

the overall winner (minimum) among a set of elements. The root of the tree

holds the ultimate winner.

 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

2.How is a winner tree different from a loser tree?

Answer: Winner trees find the minimum value, while loser trees find the

maximum. Winner tree nodes represent the winner of their children, while

loser tree nodes represent the loser.

 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

3. Explain the process of updating a value in a winner tree.

Answer: To update a value in a winner tree:

- Modify the corresponding leaf node.

- Propagate the change to the root, recalculating winners at each

level.
 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

4.Provide an example use case where a winner tree would be beneficial.

Answer: Winner trees are useful in ranking scenarios, like sports

tournaments, where you need to quickly identify the best performer with

the lowest score or fastest time.

 INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

5.Are winner trees limited to numeric values, or can they handle other
types of data?

Answer: Winner trees are versatile and can handle various data types, not

limited to numeric values. The comparison criteria used to determine winners

can be adapted for different data types.

/ethnuscodemithra Ethnus Codemithra /ethnus /code_mithra

https://learn.codemithra.com

codemithra@ethnus.com +91 7815 095 095 +91 9019 921 340