DEPARTMENT OF TECHNICAL EDUCATION
ANDHRA PRADESH
Name : R.K.L.N.MURTHY
Designation : lecturer
Branch : ECE.
Institute : GMR polytechnic, Srisailam.
Year/semester : I year
Subject : Electronic components and devices
Subject code : EC-105
Topic : Switches and relays
Duration : 50mts
Sub topic : fuses
Teaching aids : diagrams1 .
EC.105. 69 1
Objective
On completion of this period, you will be able to know
• Need of fuse.
• Different types of fuses.
• Rating of fuse.
• Applications of fuses.
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Recap
1. What is this symbol ?
Fig 1
Ans: Push to on switch
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2. What is this symbol.
Fig 2
Ans : Push to off
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3. What is this symbol.
Fig 3
Ans: Slider switch (single pole double throw
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4. What is this symbol?
Fig 4
Ans : Double pole single throw switch
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5. What is this symbol?
Fig 5
Ans : Double pole double throw
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6. What is this symbol.
Fig 6
Ans : Rotary switch (Single pole 7-way)
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Fuse
• Is a over current protective device.
• A short piece of wire or thin strip.
• Is always connected in series with the circuit or equipment
to be protected.
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Need of fuses
• Fuses are widely used in Electrical distribution and
wiring system to protect against damage due to over
load or short circuit.
• Fuses are used in electrical, electronic appliances to
protect against damage due to overload or short circuit.
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Working
• This raises the temperature of the fuse element and melts.
• Disconnection of circuit occurs and protects the circuit.
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Working
• Under normal operating conditions fuse is at a temperature
below its melting point.
• Supplies normal current to the circuit with out over heating.
• When a short circuit or over load occurs, current throw the
fuse increases beyond capacity.
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Types of fuses
Fuse
Low voltage High voltage
Open Rewirable Cartridge open cartridge Liquid Metal clad
Ferrule-contact
Knife - blade
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Fuse Holders
Glass cartridge
• Glass fuses fixed in glass
holders.
• Used in all electronic
equipment.
• low current applications.
Fig 7
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Fuse holder
• A short length of wire is
used.
• Fuse is mounted between
two terminals.
• Used in high current
applications.
• In switch boards.
Fig 8
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Panel mounted fuse holder
• Wire link is wrapped over
a small insulator.
• This becomes a separate
component.
Fig 9
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Fuse materials
• Tin coated copper.
• Copper.
• Aluminum.
• Nickel.
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Ratings of fuse
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Fuses are rated by the following terms
Rating of fuse depends on
Rated current
Fusing current
Fusing factor
Cut-off current
Prospective current
Pre-arcing time
Arcing time
Total operating time
Breaking capacity
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• Rated current - Maximum current that can carry without
over heating or melting.
• Fusing current – Minimum current at which fuse melts .
• Fusing factor – Ratio of minimum fusing current to the
current rating of fuse element. Always >1
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• Cut-off current - Maximum value of the fault current before
melting of fuse.
• Prospective current – The r.m.s value of first loop of the fault
current at which fuse melts.
Current which would flow under fault
conditions when the fuse is replaced by an ordinary conductor
of negligible resistance
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Pre-arcing time – Time between the start of fault and the
instant when cut-off occurs
C
u
r
r Asymmetrical
e current
n waveform
t Commencement t1 = pre-arcing time
of arcing t2= arcing time
Cut-off current Current zero t= total operation time
Fault occurs (arcing finish)
t1 t2 Time
t
Fig 10
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• Arcing time – Time between the end of pre-arcing and the
instant when the arc is extinguished .
• Total operating time = pre-arcing time + arcing time.
• Breaking capacity - r.m.s value of the A.C component of the
maximum prospective current that a fuse
can deal with a rated service voltage.
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Summary
In this class, we have discussed
• Various fuses.
• Fuse holders.
• Fuse materials.
• Application of fuses.
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QUIZ
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1. Identify the symbol
a. Switch (N/C)
b. fuse
c. Key board
d. Slider
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2. What is this picture?
a. Glass cartridge
b. Fuse holder
c. Panel mounted fuse holder
d. Slider switch
Fig 11
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3. What is this?
a. Glass cartridge
b. Fuse holder
c. Panel mounted fuse holder
d. Slider switch
Fig 12
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4. What is this?
a. Glass cartridge
b. Fuse holder
c. Panel mounted fuse holder
d. Slider switch
Fig 13
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5. Fuse is meant for
a. Over current protection
b. Short circuit protection
c. Both over current and short circuit
d. None of the above
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Frequently Asked Questions
1. What is meant by fuse?
3. Explain the different fuse holders?
5. List out the types of fuses?
7. List out the ratings of fuses?
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Frequently Asked Questions
5) Explain the ratings of fuses?
6) List out the applications of fuses?
7) List out the properties of fuse materials ?
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