L - Listen attentively

E - Empower one another

A - Ask questions politely
R - Raise your concern courteously
N - Note your lessons
CHAIN OF KNOWLEDGE
Mechanics:
Choose a topic from the mystery boxes.
Whatever topic you choose, you will give
chains of information about it. Each of you
has 30 seconds to come in front and write
one sentence about that topic.
Pick a Mystery Box
PROPER WASTE
SEGRAGATION
MOTHER’S DAY
NEGATIVE EFFECT
OF E-CIGARETTES
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF
EXTREME HEAT IN
LEARNING
NEGATIVE EFFECTS OF EXTREME HEAT IN LEARNING

It can lead to dehydration.

Department of Education suspends classes from
elementary and secondary due to increasing heat index.
Due to the fact that it can negatively affects us in school.
With this, students are required to stay inside their
homes and get hydrated. Because of the increasing heat,
the performance of students deteriorate.
PROPER WASTE SEGRAGATION

reduce pollution
proper waste segregation and disposal is essential for
protecting the environment and public health.
MOTHER’S DAY
LEARNING OBJECTIVES
At the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

• identify the elements in writing a good paragraph;

• reconstruct a paragraph to make it cohesive and coherence;
• use transitional devices in writing a paragraph; and
• construct a paragraph using the elements of a good
paragraph.
The Paragraph and Paragraph
Writing- Elements of a good
paragraph
What is a Paragraph?
A paragraph is a group of sentences that
fleshes out a single idea. In order for a
paragraph to be effective, it must begin
with a topic sentence, have sentences that
support the main idea of that paragraph,
and maintain a consistent flow.
The four essential elements in
writing a good paragraph:
•Unity
• Order
• Coherence
• Completeness
UNITY
Unity is achieved by focusing each paragraph on a
single idea, often called the controlling idea. This
controlling idea is usually established in the topic
sentence. Being the most important sentence in the
paragraph, a topic sentence directs the reader’s
attention towards the main points discussed with
details in the following sentences (supporting
sentences).
Topic sentence -
 Social media is used by a lot of
people. It's on the internet. People use it
to talk to each other and share things.
Businesses also use it. It's changed how
we communicate.
 Social media is used by a lot of
people. It's on the internet. People use it
to talk to each other and share things.
Businesses also use it. It's changed how
we communicate.
 The rise of social media has revolutionized the way people
communicate and interact in the modern world. Social media platforms
such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have been everywhere in daily
life, offering users unprecedented opportunities to connect with others
instantly. These platforms facilitate not only personal communication
but also the sharing of ideas, news, and experiences on a global scale.
Additionally, social media has transformed the way businesses engage
with their customers, providing new avenues for marketing and
customer service. In summary, the emergence of social media has
profoundly transformed communication, connecting individuals
worldwide and reshaping business practices.
ORDER
Order refers to the way you organize your
supporting sentences. Whether you choose
chronological order, order of importance, or another
logical presentation of detail, a solid paragraph always
has a definite organization. In a well-ordered paragraph,
the reader follows along easily, aided by the pattern
you’ve established. Order helps the reader grasp your
meaning and avoid confusion.
Topic sentence -

Supporting
sentences
COHERENCE
Coherence is the quality that makes your writing
understandable. Sentences within a paragraph need to connect
to each other and work together as a whole. One of the best
ways to achieve coherency is to use transition words. These
words create bridges from one sentence to the next. You can
use transition words that show order (first, second, third);
spatial relationships (above, below) or logic (furthermore, in
addition, in fact). Also, in writing a paragraph, using a
consistent verb tense and point of view are important
ingredients for coherency.
Two types of bridges that can be employed:

• Logical Bridges
Logical bridges carry the same idea over from sentence to sentence.
Successive sentences can be constructed in parallel form.
• Verbal Bridges
Verbal bridges link ideas using repeated key words, synonyms,
pronouns, and transitions.
 The problem with contemporary art
is that it is not easily understood by
most people. Contemporary art is
deliberately abstract, and that means it
leaves the viewer wondering what she is
looking at.
Myths narrate sacred histories and explain
sacred origins. These traditional narratives
are, in short, a set of beliefs that are a very
real force in the lives of the people who tell
them.
 When scientific experiments do not work
out as expected, they are often considered
failures until some other scientist try them
again. Those that work out better the second
time around are the ones that promise the
most rewards.
 The economy is struggling.
Unemployment rates are rising.
Inflation is also increasing. Many
people are facing financial
difficulties.
 The economy is struggling due to various
factors. Firstly, unemployment rates are rising,
indicating significant job losses across sectors.
Additionally, inflation is increasing, exacerbating
financial pressures on households. Consequently,
many people are facing financial difficulties as they
grapple with job insecurity and rising living costs.
COMPLETENESS
Completeness means a paragraph is well-developed. If
all sentences clearly and sufficiently support the main idea,
then your paragraph is complete. If there are not enough
sentences or enough information to prove your thesis, then the
paragraph is incomplete. Usually three supporting sentences,
in addition to a topic sentence and concluding sentence, are
needed for a paragraph to be complete. The concluding
sentence or last sentence of the paragraph should summarize
your main idea by reinforcing your topic sentence.
 Topic sentence -

Supporting
sentences

Concluding sentence -
The concluding sentence is the last
sentence in the paragraph. It should
concisely end the paragraph and transition
to the next paragraph, if appropriate.
 I love learning English subject for numerous reasons, each contributing to my
passion for mastering this language. Firstly, English serves as a gateway to a vast
world of knowledge and communication, allowing me to access literature, films, and
information from around the globe. Through studying English, I can delve into the
works of iconic writers, explore diverse cultures, and engage in meaningful
conversations with people from different backgrounds. Moreover, mastering English
opens doors to countless opportunities, both academically and professionally, as it is
widely recognized as the international language of business, science, and diplomacy.
Additionally, I find joy in the intricacies of English grammar and vocabulary,
constantly expanding my linguistic repertoire and honing my communication skills.
Lastly, learning English fosters a deeper appreciation for language itself, allowing me
to express myself creatively and eloquently. Overall, my love for learning English
stems from its power to connect, empower, and enrich my understanding of the world.
 Paragraph writing is the first step in
mastering writing skills. According to Wali
and Madani (2020), a paragraph is an
essential skill in writing. Before mastering
any writing skills, we must first master
paragraph writing skills.