1LnSL Anu ASLC1S

TENSE refers to the

absolute location of an
event or action in time,
either the present or the
past. t is marked by an
inflection of the verb.
There are 12 verbs that we
learned
TENSE refers to the
absolute location of an
event or action in time,
either the present or the
past. t is marked by an
inflection of the verb.
There are 12 verbs that we
learned
ASPECT refers to how an
event or action is to be
viewed with respect to time,
rather than to its actual
location in time
There are four aspects:
simple (or infinite), perfect
(or complete), progressive
(or continuous), and the
perfect continuous. Some
linguist argue that the
perfect continuous is not a
true aspect because it is a
combination of the perfect
and continuous aspects
ASPECT refers to how an
event or action is to be
viewed with respect to time,
rather than to its actual
location in time
There are four aspects:
simple (or infinite), perfect
(or complete), progressive
(or continuous), and the
perfect continuous. Some
linguist argue that the
perfect continuous is not a
true aspect because it is a
combination of the perfect
and continuous aspects
@-
uavld f Lo school
(presenL Lense)
uavld f Lo school
(pasL Lense)
uavld f Lo school
(presenL Lense)
uavld f Lo school
(pasL Lense)
A9@
Monkeys 0,9 bananas.
(simple aspect)
the verb eat tells only what
monkeys eat.
The monkeys ,;00,903
the bananas.
(perfect aspect)
n this sentence, the action
took place in the past, but it
is implied that it took place
recently and is still relevant
at the time of speaking.
Monkeys 0,9 bananas.
(simple aspect)
the verb eat tells only what
monkeys eat.
The monkeys ,;00,903
the bananas.
(perfect aspect)
n this sentence, the action
took place in the past, but it
is implied that it took place
recently and is still relevant
at the time of speaking.
enerlc and Speclflc redlcaLlons
1a 1wo and Lwo make four
1b 1he ALlanLlc Ccean
separaLes Afrlca and SouLh
Amerlca
SenLences 1ad are 'eLernal
LruLhs' sLaLemenLs abouL
Lhlngs LhaL we do noL
expecL Lo change 1hey
reporL unbounded
slLuaLlons or sLaLes
1a 1wo and Lwo make four
1b 1he ALlanLlc Ccean
separaLes Afrlca and SouLh
Amerlca
SenLences 1ad are 'eLernal
LruLhs' sLaLemenLs abouL
Lhlngs LhaL we do noL
expecL Lo change 1hey
reporL unbounded
slLuaLlons or sLaLes
a udln ls here
b l have a headache
SenLences ad on Lhe
oLher hand are abouL
Lemporary sLaLes Lhey are
bounded
a udln ls here
b l have a headache
SenLences ad on Lhe
oLher hand are abouL
Lemporary sLaLes Lhey are
bounded
1he dlfference shows up ln Lhe facL LhaL we can
add cerLaln fectuf od|f|er afflrmaLlve and
negaLlve Lo Lhe speclflc predlcaLlons
a1 udln ls already here
b1 l sLlll have a headache
SenLences ab sLaLe LhaL cerLaln slLuaLlons exlsL
aL Lhe presenL Llme SenLences a1b1 conLaln
Lhe same lnformaLlon buL Lhe aspecLual modlflers
call aLLenLlon Lo boundarles Lhe beglnnlng or Lhe
end of Lhese sLaLes changes from one sLaLe Lo
anoLher
SLaLlve redlcaLes And uynamlc
redlcaLes
1he senLences ln 1ab and ab descrlbe sLaLes LhaL
exlsL wheLher permanenL or Lemporary ln naLure 1he
predlcaLes ln Lhese senLences are tft|ve red|cfte
CLher senLences reporL acLlvlLles and have dynf|c
red|cfte 1he change from one sLaLe Lo anoLher ls a
dynamlc evenL
A sLaLlve predlcaLe reporLs a sLaLe LhaL requlres no
expendlLure of energy and LhaL conLlnues unLll energy
ls expended Lo change LhaL sLaLe a dynamlc predlcaLe
reporLs a slLuaLlon LhaL wlll only conLlnue lf Lhere ls a
conLlnual lnpuL of energy buL lL ceases when energy ls
no longer expended
tft|ve 9red|cfte
We waited.
The children were hungry.
Snow lay on the ground.
Ellen needed a dictionary.
We waited.
The children were hungry.
Snow lay on the ground.
Ellen needed a dictionary.
ynf|c 9red|cfte
Something moved.
The sun came up.
The boat drifted along.
They discussed the plan
Something moved.
The sun came up.
The boat drifted along.
They discussed the plan