Usman Habib, COMSATS Institute of Information Technology, Pakistan Muhammad Abdul Tawab Khalil, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS P. D. D.

Dominic, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Mohd. Fadzil Bin Hassan, Universiti Teknologi PETRONAS Hassan Kazemian, London Metropolitan University

             

Introduction Background Motivation Technology Acceptance Model Framing Methodology Research Framework Conceptual Framework Targeted Small & Medium Enterprises (SMEs) Pilot Studies Proposed DBE Framework S/W Tools for DBE Development & Deployment Contribution of the Paper Conclusion & Future Work Some on going DBE Projects Under Study

Natural Ecosystem

Business Ecosystem

Digital Ecosystem

Digital Business Ecosystem

CREATE, INTEGRATE & OFFER services

3

DBE would be architecture. (Adapted from: Franceso Nachira, Digital Business Ecosystem, 2007)

March 2002: The concept of DBE was coined initially in Europe through Framework Program 6 (FP6) at Lisbon Declaration. DBE concept emerged worldwide as an innovative approach to support the adoption and development of ICT aims at implementing the objectives set at Lisbon Council keeping in mind the peculiarities of the European development, mostly based on a diffuse network of SMEs and local innovation systems. The preliminary research on DBE was funded by FP6 Framework Program, and was included in the overall Framework Program (FP7). Europe has now developed a longer-term vision and an evolution strategy and the concept was extended and it is moving from the research pahse to the innovation phase. Concept of DBE has been inherited from Europe to Malaysia as a novel E-adoption technology. The reason being its suitability to the region.

Malaysian SMEs Case Study for the research  Malaysian SMEs does not appear ready to use the Internet and Communication Technologies (ICT) more intensively as a business tool by large.  (Ref. SME Integrated Plan of Action 2009 by SMIDEC, Malaysia)  Malaysian economy of US$207,400 billion is largely dependent on the growth of relatively open state-oriented market economy.  (Ref. SME Annual Report 2009-2010 issued by SME Corp. Malaysia)  Digital divide between SMEs (Region & Size Specific)  (Ref. National Statistics Conference 2008, Department of Statistics, Malaysia )  A good percentage of SMEs still have reluctancy in going global with the help of ICT technologies. Common barriers are:  lack of resources  lack of skilled employees  lack of easy to use technology  lack of awareness of the potential benefits for them
6

Malaysian SMEs Case Study for the research  TAM is an information systems theory that models how users come to accept and use a technology. The model suggests that when users are presented with a new technology, a number of factors influence their decision about how and when they will use it. Two of prime importance factors are: (Fred Davis, 1989)
 Perceived usefulness (PU) - The degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would enhance his or her job performance.  Perceived ease-of-use (PEOU) - The degree to which a person believes that using a particular system would be free from effort.
 

TAM serves as one of the confirmatory model for our proposed DBE framework. Results have shown a significant increase in PU and PEOU of SME employees upon presenting the DBE prototype.

     

Digital Business Ecosystem Structure Human Resource and Skills Public Funding Licensing Data Security & Integrity Values, Competitiveness, Intellectual Property and Open Source

Ref (Francesco Nachira, Digital Business Ecosystem, 2007)

9

SME 1

SME 2

SME N

Service 1

Service 2

Service N

S2 S S1 N Semantics Search Syntax

Service Seeker(s) / End User(s)

10

Region Malaysian States Selangor and 2 Federal Territories Pulau Penang Perak Johar Pahang Rest of states and East Malaysia

SME Concentration in Percentage 47.3 7.4 3.2 2.9 2.5 36.7

11

BY ESTABLISHMENTS Sector Manufacturing Service Agriculture No. of Establishments 85,946 1,523,842 123,762 Percentage 5.0 87.9 7.1

PERSONS ENGAGED BY QUALIFICATION Sector Manufacturing Service Agriculture Degree Holders 4.1 7.6 1.1 Diploma/STPM 10.2 20.3 4.1 SPM and Below 85.7 72.1 94.7
12

Semantics & Syntax vs PU

20 Number of Respondents (N) 18 16 14 12

Syntax Semantics+Syntax

10 8 6 4 2 0 1 Syntax Semantics+Syntax 7 4 2 10 6 3 7 6 4 7 11 5 4 8

Frequency

13

Semantics & Syntax vs PEOU

20 18 Number of Respondents (N) 16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 1 Semantic+Syntax Syntax 3 12 2 5 10 3 6 5 4 11 4 5 10 2
Semantic+Syntax Syntax

Frequency

14

15

Name of Software Java 5.0 (JDK OR JRE) ServEnt (Swallow, P2P-Next component) Eclipse 3.2.x (IDE) GEF 3.2.x (Graphical Editing Framework) EMF (Eclipse Modeling Framework) 2.2.x WST 1.5.x (Web Tools Plateform)

Developers Need Yes Yes

End Users Need Yes Yes / No

Yes Yes

No No

Yes Yes

No No

16

Contribution to the domain of DBE

DBE Deployment Plan for Malaysian SMEs

Contribute to the ICT research priorities

A workable framework of DBE for Malaysian SMEs

Improvement in Distributed Platform and Service Description Tool

Should help Malaysian SMEs climb the ladder of E-Adoption (catalyzing the Reg. Devp.)

A research framework integrating Social Science, Natural Sciences with Business Management, Computer Science , Software Engineering

Traditional collaboration Self Org., Interactive Env. that offers cost-eff. & value creation
17

Urging the need of DBE for Malaysian SMEs: Highlighting the anticipated benefits by survey and prototype of DBE.

Provides the basic blue prints to initiate DBE in Malaysia and subsequently proliferate in the continent.

` ` `

Providing a novel value-added E-Adoption framework SMEs. Amalgamation of DBE with ICT is hoped to provide it a head start in Malaysia. Intertwined research communities are being encouraged by the research to engage for gradual deployment of DBE.
DBE lies at the intersection between industry, business, human endeavors, social science, and cutting edge internet technologies and is application-driven research.

18

PROJECT NAME The DBE Integrated Project (2003-2006) E-NVISION Project (2006-2008) EFFORT Project (2006-2008) EPRI START Project (ended 2006) LEKTOR Project (2006-2008) TOOL-EAST (2006-2007) VISP Project CROSSWORK Project (2004-2006) e-MULT Project (2006-2008) GENESIS (2006-2008)

THEMATIC DOMAIN DBE Technology DBE and Business DBE and Business DBE and Business DBE Legal Issues DBE Technology DBE and Business DBE Technology DBE Technology DBE and Business

19

Questions & Comments Please

20