CE-337

Social Engineering For Sustainable

Development

Lecture 09

Department of Civil Engineering, UET Peshawar

 Learning Objectives

Sustainable Development Goals, Targets and Indicators

• Sustainable development and urbanization

• Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
Recap
Recap
 Recap
Sustainable Development Goals (SDG’s) (2015-2030)
1. End poverty in all its forms everywhere
2. End Hunger, achieve food security and improved nutrition and promote sustainable agriculture
3. Ensure, healthy lives and promote well beings for all at all stages
4. Ensure inclusive and quality education for all and promote lifelong learning
5. Achieve gender equality and empower all woman
6. Ensure access to water and sanitation to all
7. Ensure, access to all affordable and sustainable energy
8. Promote inclusive and sustainable economic growth, decent employment for all
9. Build Resilient infrastructure, promote sustainable industrialization and foster innovation
10. Reduce inequality within and among countries
11. Make cities inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable
12. Ensure, sustainable consumption and production patterns
13. Take actions to combat Climate Change and its impact
14. Conserve and sustainably use oceans and marine resources
15. Sustainably manage forests
16. Promote peaceful and inclusive societies
17. Revitalize the global partnership for Sustainable Development
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

• Settlement: a place, typically one which has previously been uninhibited, where people
establish a community.
• Inclusive: including all the services or items normally expected or required.
• Resilient: a) (of a person or animal) able to withstand or recover quickly from difficult
conditions.
b) (of a substance or object) able to recoil or spring back into shape
after bending, stretching, or being compressed.
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

• More than half the world’s population has been living in cities, and that share is projected
to rise to 60 percent by 2030.
• Cities and metropolitan contributing about 60 per cent of global GDP.
• They also account for about 70 per cent of global carbon emissions and over 60 per cent
of resource use.
• Rapid urbanization is resulting in a growing number of slum dwellers, inadequate and
overburdened infrastructure and services (such as waste collection and water and
sanitation systems, roads and transport)
• 150 countries have developed national urban plans, with almost half of them in the
implementation phase.
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
• 11.1 By 2030, ensure access for all to • 11.1.1 Proportion of urban population
- adequate, living in

- safe and - slums,

- affordable - informal settlements

housing and basic services and - inadequate housing

• By 2030, upgrade slums

 Relation of rapid urbanization and population
growth with adequate and affordable housing

• Urban population living in slums

- declined by 20 per cent between 2000 and 2014 (from 28 per cent to 23 per cent).
- Inclined again to 23.5 per cent in 2018.
• People living in slums or informal settlements grew to over 1 billion, with 80 per cent
attributed to three regions:
- Eastern and South- Eastern Asia (370 million),
- sub-Saharan Africa (238 million) and
- Central and Southern Asia (227 million).
An estimated 3 billion people will require adequate and affordable housing by 2030.
Relation of rapid urbanization and population
growth with adequate and affordable housing
 Relation of rapid urbanization and population
growth with adequate and affordable housing

• The growing number of slum dwellers is the result of both

- urbanization
- population growth
• The absence of adequate housing negatively affects
- urban equity and inclusion,
- health and safety,
- livelihood opportunities.
• Renewed policy attention and increased investments are needed to ensure affordable
and adequate housing for all by 2030.
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
• 11.2 By 2030, provide access to • 11.2.1 Proportion of population that has
- safe, convenient access to public transport,
by sex, age and persons with
- affordable, disabilities
- accessible
- sustainable
transport systems for all,
- improving road safety, notably by
expanding public transport
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
• 11.3 By 2030, enhance inclusive and • 11.3.1 Ratio of land consumption rate
sustainable to population growth rate
- urbanization and capacity and • 11.3.2 Proportion of cities with a direct
- sustainable human settlement, planning participation structure of civil society in
and management. urban planning and management that
operate regularly and democratically
• 11.4 Strengthen efforts to protect and
• 11.4.1 Total expenditure (public and
safeguard the world’s
private) per capita spent on the
- cultural heritage—man made preservation, protection and
- natural heritage—naturally occuring conservation of all cultural and natural
heritage, by type of heritage (cultural,
natural, mixed and World Heritage
Centre designation), level of
government (national, regional and
 Ratio of land consumption rate to population
growth rate
LCR/PGR > 1:
• Land consumption is increasing faster than population growth. This suggests potentially
more efficient use of land or development that is not directly tied to population growth.
LCR/PGR = 1:
• Land consumption and population growth are at similar rates. This indicates a balanced
relationship between development and population.
LCR/PGR < 1:
• Population growth is outpacing land consumption. This could suggest denser urban
development, limitations on available land, or other factors affecting land use patterns.
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
• 11.5 By 2030, significantly reduce • 11.5.1 Number of deaths, missing
- the number of deaths persons and persons affected by
disaster per 100,000 people
- the number of people affected
• 11.5.2 Direct disaster economic loss in
- the direct economic losses relation to global GDP, including
disaster damage to critical
infrastructure and disruption of basic
services.
Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe,
resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
11.6 By 2030, reduce the adverse per capita • 11.6.1 Proportion of urban solid waste
environmental impact of cities. regularly collected and with adequate
• Lowering pollution and waste generated final discharge out of total urban solid
per person in urban areas. waste generated, by cities
• Improving air quality. • 11.6.2 Annual mean levels of fine
• Managing municipal and other types of particulate matter (e.g. PM2.5 and
waste effectively. PM10) in cities (population weighted)
 Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
• 11.7 By 2030, provide universal access to • 11.7.1 Average share of the built-up
spaces that are area of cities that is open space for
- safe, public use for all, by sex, age and
persons with disabilities
- inclusive
• 11.7.2 Proportion of persons victim of
- accessible, physical or sexual harassment, by sex,
- green age, disability status and place of
occurrence, in the previous 12 months
 Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
• 11.a Support positive • 11.a.1 Proportion of population living in
- economic links, cities that implement urban and
regional development plans integrating
- social links population projections and resource
- environmental links needs, by size of city
b/w Urban, peri-urban, rural areas

-
 Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
11.b By 2020, substantially increase • 11.b.1 Proportion of local governments
- the number of cities and that adopt and implement local disaster
risk reduction strategies in line with the
- human settlements Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk
- implementing integrated policies and plans Reduction 2015-2030a
- inclusion, • 11.b.2 Number of countries with
national and local disaster risk
- resource efficiency, reduction strategies
- mitigation and adaptation to climate
change,
- resilience to disasters,
 Goal 11. Make cities and human settlements
inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable

Targets Indicators
11.c Support least developed countries, 11.c.1 Proportion of financial support to
- financially the least developed countries that is
allocated to the construction and
- technically retrofitting of sustainable, resilient and
resource-efficient buildings utilizing local
materials
Thank You!