Lecture No.

: 10

Remember
Solution Steps of assembly method :
Drive the member local stiffness matrix

l l
l
F = K D
Drive the member transformation matrix

T
Obtain the member global stiffness matrix
g

Km = T Km T

T
2

Remember

Km

Make assembly

Km

Km

F = K

Km

Make partition

Fu
Fr

Kuu Kur

Du

Kru Krr

Dr
3

Remember
Extract the stiffness equation

Fu
Fr

Kuu Kur

Du

Kru Krr

Dr

Fu = Kuu Du + Kur

Dr

Obtain the deformation

Du = Kuu

-1

{F

- Kur

Dr

}
4

Remember
Calculate the reactions

Fr = Kru

Du + Krr

Dr

Find internal forces in members

l T g
l
Fm = Km T Dm

d2

d3
d1

Drive the member local stiffness matrix

d2
d3

d5

d1

d6

d4

l l
l
F = K D
8

Local
d2
d3

F1
F2

d5
F3

d1

d6
F5

F6
d4

F4

F1

k11 k12 k13 k14 k15 k16

F2

k21

k22 k23 k24

k25 k26

D2

F3

k31

k32 k33 k34

k35 k36

D3

F4

k41 k42 k43 k44 k45 k46

D4

F5

k51

k52 k53 k54

k55 k56

D5

F6

k61

k62 k63 k64

k65 k66

D6

D1

10

First column in
Local Stiffness matrix

d2
d3

d1 =1

d5
d1

d6

d4

D=1

EA
L
EA
F1 =
L

EA
F4 = L

F2 = 0

F5 = 0

F3 = 0

F6 = 0

EA
L

11

First column in Local Stiffness matrix

k11

E A
L

k21

k31

k41

E A
L

k51

k61

12

Second column in
Local Stiffness matrix

d2 =1

d2
d3

d5
d1

d6

d4

6 EI D
L2
6 EI D
L2

12 EID
L3

12 EID
L3
13

Second column in Local Stiffness matrix

F1 = 0
F2 =
F3 =

12 EI

L3
6 EI

L2

F4 =

F5 =
F6 =

0
12 EI

L3
6 EI

L2

k12

0
12 EI

k22

L3
6 EI

k32
k42

L2
0
12 EI

k52
k62

L3
6 EI

L2

14

Third column in
Local Stiffness matrix

d2
d3

d3 =1

d5
d1

4 EI q
L

d6

d4

2 EI q
L
6 EI q
L2

6 EI q
L2
15

Third column in Local Stiffness matrix

F1 = 0
F2 =
F3 =

6 EI

L2
4 EI

F4 =
F5 =
F6 =

k13

_ 6 EI

k23

L2

k33

2 EI

k43
k53
k63

0
6 EI

L2
4 EI

L
0

_ 6 EI

L2
2 EI

Fourth column in
Local Stiffness matrix

d4 =1

d2
d3

d5

d6

d1
D=1

EA
L
EA
F1 = L

EA
L
EA
F4 =
L

F2 = 0

F5 = 0

F3 = 0

F6 = 0

d4

Fourth column in Local Stiffness matrix

k14

EA
L

k24

k34

k44

EA
L

k54

k64

18

Fifth column in
Local Stiffness matrix d

d5 =1

d2
3

d5
d1

d6

d4

6 EI D
L2

6 EI D
L2

12 EID
L3

12 EID
L3

19

fifthcolumn in Local Stiffness matrix

F4 =

F1 = 0
F2 =
F3 =

12 EI

L3
6 EI

L2

F5 =
F6 =

0
12 EI

L3
6 EI

L2

k15

k25

-12 EI

k35

-6 EI

k45 =
k55
k65

L3
L2
0
12 EI

L3
-6 EI

L2

20

sixth column in
Local Stiffness matrix

d6 =1

2 EI q
L

d2
d3

d5

d6

d1

4 EI q
L
6 EI q
L2

6 EI q
L2

d4

6 column in Local Stiffness matrix

F1 = 0
F2 =
F3 =

6 EI

L2
2 EI

F4 =
F5 =
F6 =

0
6 EI

L2
4 EI

k16

k26
k36
k46 =

0
6 EI

L2
4 EI

L
0
6 EI

k56
k66

L2
2 EI

22

EA
L

-EA
L

12EI
L3

6EI
L2

6EI
L2

4EI
L

-EA
L

0
0

12EI
L3
6EI
L2

12EI
L3

6EI
L2

-6EI
L2

2EI
L

EA
L

-6EI
L2

12EI
L3

-6EI
L2

2EI
L

-6EI
L2

4EI
L

23

Drive the member transformation matrix

g

F5
F6
q

F4

F2

F3

F1

24

F2 cosq

F1 sinq
g

F2
q

F2 sinq

F3

F1 cosq

F1

F1 = F1 cos q F2 sin q
g

F2 = F1 sin q + F2 cos q
g

F3 = F3

25

F5 cosq

F4 sinq
g

F5
q

F5 sinq

F6

F4 cosq

F4
g

F4 = F4 cos q F4 sin q
g

F5 = F5 sin q + F5 cos q
g

F6 = F6

26

cos q

- sin q

sin q

cos q

F2

F3

cos q - sin q 0

F5g

sin q cos q 0

F5

F6g

F6

F1g
F2g
F3g
F4g

F1

F4

27

cos q

- sin q

sin q

cos q

cos q - sin q 0

sin q cos q 0

T=

28

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

Km = T Km T

29

Example 1:
Draw N.F, S.F & B.M.Ds for the shown frame
where E = 106 kN/m2
12 kN/m

m2

A=0.6
I = 0.02 m4

3
m2

A=0.4
I = 0.005 m4
8

50 kN

C
30

memb

EA/L

12EI/L3

6EI/L2

4EI/L

2EI/L

AB

75000

469

1875

10000

5000

CB

90

80000

480

1200

4000

2000

First element : ( AB)

EA
L

12EI
L3

0
-EA
L
0
0

-EA
L

6EI
L2

-12EI
L3

6EI
L2

6EI
L2

4EI
L

-6EI
L2

2EI
L

EA
L

-12EI

-6EI
L2

12EI
L3

-6EI
L2

2EI
L

-6EI
L2

4EI
L

L3
6EI
L2

K1

75000

469

1875

1875

-75000

-7500

-469

1875

10000

-1875

5000

75000

-469

-1875

469

-1875

1875

5000

-1875

10000

33

T=

cos q

- sin q

sin q

cos q

cos q - sin q 0

sin q cos q 0

34

1
0

T =

35

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

Km = Tm Km T
g
L
K1 = K1

75000

469

1875

1875

-469

1875

10000

-1875

5000

75000

-469

-1875

469

-1875

1875

5000

-1875

10000

K1 = -75000

-7500

75000

469

1875

1875

-469

1875

10000

-1875

5000

75000

-469

-1875

469

-1875

1875

5000

-1875

10000

K1 = -75000

-7500

0
B

37

second element : ( CB )

K2

EA
L

12EI
L3

0
-EA
L
0
0

-EA
L

6EI
L2

-12EI
L3

6EI
L2

6EI
L2

4EI
L

-6EI
L2

2EI
L

EA
L

-12EI

-6EI
L2

12EI
L3

-6EI
L2

2EI
L

-6EI
L2

4EI
L

L3
6EI
L2

K2 =

80000

-80000

480

1200

-480

1200

1200

4000

-1200

2000

-80000

80000

-480

-1200

480

-1200

1200

2000

-1200

4000

39

K2 =

40

T=

cos q

- sin q

sin q

cos q

cos q - sin q 0

sin q

cos q
0

0
1

41

T =

-1

-1

42

Km = T Km T
0
1
0
0
0
0

-1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
-1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

80000
0
0
-80000
0
0

-80000
0
0
0
480
1200
0
1200 4000
80000
0
0
0
-480 -1200
1200 2000
0

0
-480
-1200
0
480
-1200

0
-1
0
0
0
0
0

-480

-1200

80000
-80000
0
0
0
0
1200 4000
0
0
480 1200
80000
0
0
-80000
0
1200 2000
0

480

-1200

0
-1200

0
2000

-480
0
-1200

1200
0
4000

0
-1
0
0
0
0

1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
-1
0

0
1200
2000
0
-1200
4000

1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
-1
0

0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
0
0
0
0
1

43

d1

75480
0
1200

Ks = -480
1200

d2

d3

1200

80469 -1875

d7

-480
0

d9

1200
0

d1
d2

-1875

14000

-1200

2000

-1200

480

-1200

d3
d7

2000

-1200

4000

d9

44

Obtain the member global stiffness matrix

Km = T Km T
480

-1200

-480

-1200

80000

-80000

-1200

4000

1200

2000

1200

480

1200

-80000

80000

-1200

2000

1200

4000

K2 = -480

45

480

-1200

-480

-1200

80000

-80000

-1200

4000

1200

2000

1200

480

1200

-80000

80000

-1200

2000

1200

4000

K2 = -480

46

Assembly :
A

75480

80469

1200

-1875

-469 -1875

14000

1875

-80000

5000 -1200

1875 10000

-1875

5000

-480

-1200

-80000

75000 0

0
0
0

480
0
-1200

2000

469 1875

1875

2000

1200

-649

1200

-480

-1875

-75000

Ks =

1200 -75000 0

-1200

80000

4000

47

Modeling
d2

d5

d6

A d4

d3

d1

d9

d8
d7

C
48
48

d1

d2

75480

80469

1200

-1875

d3

d4

d5

1200 -75000 0

d9

-480

1200

-80000

d1
d2

2000

d3

14000

1875

0
0

469 1875

d4
d5

1875 10000

d6

-1200

d7

80000

d8

4000

1875

-1875

5000

-480

-1200

-80000

2000

5000 -1200
0

-649

d8

-469 -1875

1200

d7

d6

-1875

-75000

Ks =

75000 0

0
0
0

480
0
-1200

d9

49

Force vector
12 kN/m

m2

A=0.6
I = 0.02 m4

A=0.4 m2
I = 0.005 m4
8

50 kN

50

Force vector
12x82
64 kNm
12

12 kN/m

64 kNm

48 kN

48 kN

51

Force vector
50x3x22
52

17.6 kN

24 kNm

50 kN

2
32.4 kN

C
36 kNm

50x2x32
52

52

Fixed End
Reaction
(FER)

Force vector
64 kNm

64 kNm

24 kNm

A
48 kN

B
48 kN
17.6 kN

32.4 kN

C
53
36 kNm53

Force vector
64 kNm

64 kNm

48 kN

d2

d3

d1

B
d9

F
d7

48 kN

F1

-17.6

F2

- 48

= F3 =
F7

40
-32.4

F9

36

Fixed End
Action
(FEA)
24 kNm

17.6 kN

32.4 kN

36 kNm

54
54

F= K D
-17.6

75,480

- 48

40

= 1200

1200

80,469 -1875
-1875

- 480

1200

14,000 -1,200 2,000

-32.4

- 480

-1,200

36

1200

2,000 -1,200 4,000

480

-1,200

d1
d2
d3
d7
d9

55

D = K-1 F
-1
1200 - 480 1200
d1 75,480 0
80,469 -1875
0
0
d2
0
d3 = 1200 -1875 14,000 -1,200 2,000
d7
0
- 480
-1,200 480 -1,200
d9
0
2,000 -1,200 4,000
1200

-17.6
- 48
40

-32.4
36

56

D = K-1 F
d1
- 0.0007
- 0.0008
d2
d3 = - 0.0088
- 0.2244
d7
d9
- 0.0538

57

Internal forces
d1
d2
d3
A=0.6 m2
I = 0.02 m4

d7
d9

- 0.0007
- 0.0008
- 0.0088
=

- 0.2244
- 0.0538

A=0.4 m2
I = 0.005 m4

d2

E = 106 kN/m2

d3

2x104

EIAB =
EIBC = 5x103

d1

d9

d7

C
58

Fixed End
Reaction
(FER)

Force vector
64 kNm

64 kNm

24 kNm

A
48 kN

B
48 kN
17.6 kN

32.4 kN

C
36 kNm59

64 kNm

64 kNm

d3

48 kN

d9

d2

d1

d7

48 kN

d1
d2
d3
d7

d9

- 0.0007

- 0.0008
- 0.0088
=

- 0.2244
- 0.0538

Find internal forces in members

= T

Fm

Km

g
Dm

Fm FER

60

Member (AB)
75000

l
Fm =

0
0

0
469

0 -75000

1876

1875 10000

-75000

-469

1875

0 -1876 5000
75000

469

-1875

-469 -1875

1875 5000

0
0
0
- 0.0007
- 0.0008
- 0.0088

-1875 10000

1
0
0
0
0
0

0
1
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
1
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

0
48
64

0
48

-64

61

l
Fm

52.5
-16. 125
= -42.5
-52.5 +
16. 25
-86.5

52.5
31.875
l
21.5
Fm =
-52.5
64.125
150.5

0
48
64

0
48
-64

62

d3

24 kNm
17.6 kN

d2

d1
d2
d3

d1

B
d7

d9

d7

d9

36 kNm

- 0.0007

- 0.0008
- 0.0088
=

- 0.2244
- 0.0538

Member (CB)

Fm = Km T Dm

63

Member (CB)
80000

l
Fm =

0 -80000

0
-480

480

1200

1200

4000

0 -1200 2000

-80000

80000

480

-1200

-480 -1200

1200 2000

- 0.0088

-1200 4000

1
0
0
0
0
0

0
0
1
0
0
0

0
0
0
0
-1
0

0
0
0
1
0
0

0
0
0
0
0
1

- 0.2244
0
- 0.0538
- 0.0007
- 0.0008

1200

0
-1
0
0
0
0

0
-36

17.6
0
24

64

64

32.25
l
36
Fm =
-64
-32.25
126

0
0
-36

17.6
0
24

64

32.25
l
Fm =

0
46.4

-32.25

150
65

21.75 kNm

12 kN/m 150 kNm

150 kNm

B
50 kN

3
32 kN

50 kN

64
kN

0 kN

66

21.75 kNm

A
32 kN

150 kNm

12 kN/m

150 kNm

B
64 kN

50 kN
64 kN
50 kN

50 kN

67

21.75 kNm

150 kNm

12 kN/m

150 kNm

32 kN

50 kN

64 kN

64 kN
50 kN

50 kN

50

64 -

N.F.D
68

21.75 kNm

A
32 kN

32

150 kNm

12 kN/m

150 kNm

50 kN
64 kN

64 kN

50 kN

50

50 kN

+
64

C
50

S.F.D
69

21.75 kNm

150 kNm

12 kN/m

150 kNm

50 kN

32 kN

64 kN

64 kN

85.875

21.75

96

+
10.125

150
-

50 kN

150

50 kN
-

C
B.M.D
70