Gii quyt tranh chp s DS058

V kin Hoa K Cm nhp khu mt loi tm v cc sn phm tm nht nh Tranh chp kt thc vi kt lun tun th quy nh WTO ngy 21/11/2001 Tiu : Hoa K - Tm Nguyn n: B n: n , Malaysia; Pakistan; v Thi Lan Hoa K Australia; Colombia; Costa Rica; Cng ng Chu u; Ecuador; El Salvador; Guatemala; Hng Kng, Trung Quc; Nht Bn; Mexico; Nigeria; Pakistan; Philippines; Senegal; Singapore; Sri Lanka; Venezuela

Cc bn th ba:

Cc hip nh c vin dn: (ti yu cu tham vn) GATT 1994: iu I, XI, XIII, XX Yu cu tham vn ngy: 8 thng 10 nm 1996

Bo co ca Ban Hi thm ngy: 15 thng 5 nm 1998 Bo co ca C quan Phc thm ngy: 12 thng 10 nm 1998 Bo co ca Ban Hi thm ngy iu 21.5: 15 thng 6 nm 2001 Bo co ca C quan Phc thm ngy iu 21.5: 22 thng 10 nm 2001

Tm tt cp nht v vic
Bn tm tt v vic cp nht n ngy 24 thng 02 nm 2010. Thng qua Bo co ca C Quan Phc thm v Ban Hi thm Nguyn n l n , Malaysia, Pakistan v Thi Lan Ngy 8 thng 10 nm 1996, n , Malaysia, Pakistan v Thi Lan yu cu tham vn vi Hoa K lin quan n lnh cm nhp khu i vi tm v cc sn phm tm nhp khu t cc nc nguyn n do Hoa K p dng theo Phn 609 trong Lut Cng (Public Law) 101-162 ca Hoa K. Hoa

K b khiu ni vi phm cc iu I, XI v XIII ca GATT 1994 cng nh l lm v hiu ha v phng hi n cc li ch m cc nc nguyn n ng l c hng. Ngy 9 thng 1 nm 1997, Malaysia v Thi Lan yu cu thnh lp Ban Hi Thm. Ti cuc hp vo ngy 22 thng 1 nm 1997, DSB tr hon vic thnh lp Ban Hi thm. Ngy 30 thng 1 nm 1997, Parkistan cng yu cu thnh lp Ban Hi thm. Sau , trc cc yu cu ln th hai ca Malaysia, Parkistan v Thi Lan, DBS thnh lp Ban Hi Thm ticuc hp ngy 25 thng 2 nm 1997. Australia, Colombia, Costa Rica, Ecuador, Cng ng Chu u, Guatemala, Hng Kng, n , Nht Bn, Mexico, Nigeria, the Philippines, Senegal, Singapore v Sri Lanka yu cu c tham gia vo v kin vi t cch l bn th ba. Ngy 25 thng 2 nm 1997, n cng yu cu thnh lp mt Ban Hi Thm v cng vn trn. Ti cuc hp ca mnh ngy 20 thng 3 nm 1997, DSB tr hon vic thnh lp Ban Hi thm. Sau , trc yu cu ln th hai v vic thnh lp Ban Hi Thm ca n , DSB thnh lp Ban Hi thm vo cuc hp ca mnh ngy 10 thng 2 nm 1997. DSB cng ng st nhp Ban Hi Thm ny vi Ban Hi Thm c thnh lp trn theo yu cu ca Malaysia, Parkistan v Thi Lan. El Salvador v Venezuela cng yu cu c tham gia vo v kin vi t cch l bn th ba. Ngy 15 thng 4 nm 1997, thnh phncua Ban Hi Thm c xc nh. Bo co ca Ban Hi Thm c ban hnh ti cc thnh vin vo ngy 15 thng 5 nm 1998. Ban Hi Thm kt lun rng vic cm nhp khu i vi tm v cc sn phm tm do Hoa K p dng tri vi iu XI:1 ca GATT 1994 v cng khng ph hpv i iu XX ca GATT 1994. Ngy 13 thng 7 nm 1998, Hoa K thng bo nh khng co ca mnh v mt s vn lut v ding gii php l ca Ban Hi Thm. Bo co ca C Quan Phc thm c ban hnh ti cc thnh vin vo ngy 12 thng 10 nm 1998. C Quan Phc thm bc b kt lun ca Ban Hi Thm rng phng php ca Hoa K v vn lin quan khng trong phm vi p dng ca cc bin php cho php theo iu XX ca GATT 1994 nhng phn quyt rng phng php ca Hoa K d c th sa i tm thi theo iu XX(g) nhng khng p ng c cc yu cu ca iu XX. DSB thng qua phn quyt ca C Quan Phc thm v Ban Hi Thm khi c C Quan Phc thm sa i ngy 6 thng 11 nm 1998. Thng qua Bo co tun th ca Ban Hi Thm v C Quan Phc thm (iu 21.5) Do Hoa K khng thc hin theo ng nhng xut ca DSB, ngy 12 thng 10 nm 2000, Malaysia yu cu vn cn c chuyn cho Ban Hi Thm ban u gii quyt theo iu 21.5 ca Tha thun v cc quy tc v th tc v vic gii quyt tranh chp (DSU). c bit, Malaysia nhn thy vic khng g b cm nhp khu v khng thc hin cc bin php cn thit cho php nhp khu tm v mt s sn phm tm nht nh theo cch thc khng b hn ch cho thy Hoa K khng tun theo xut v phn x ca DSB. Ti cuc hp ca mnh ngy 23 thng 10 nm 2000, DSB chuyn vn cho Ban Hi Thm ban u gii quyt theo iu 21.5 DSU. Australia, Canada, the EC, Ecuador, n , Nht Bn, Mexico, Pakistan, Thi Lan v Hng Kng, Trung Quc trong vai tr cc bn th ba. Ngy 8 thng 11 nm 2000, Ban Hi Thm c thnh lp.

Ban Hi Thm thng qua phn quyt ca mnh ngy 15 thng 6 nm 2001. Ban Hi Thm phn quyt rng: Phng php m Hoa K thc hin nhm tun theo cc xut v phn x ca C quan gii quyt tranh chp (DSB) vi phm iu XI.1 ca Hip nh chung v thu quan v thng mi (GATT) 1994. Theo xut v phn x ca DSB, Phn 609 ca Lut Cng Cng 101-162, nh c thc hin bi Hng dn chnh sa ngy 8 thng 7 nm 1999 v cho n nay vn c cc c quan chc trch Hoa K p dng, c sa i theo iu XX ca GATT 1994 min l cc iu kin nu trong kt lun ca phn quyt ny, c bit cc n lc nghim tc ang thc hin nhm t c mt hip nh a phng cn tha mn. Nu bt k iu kin no k trn sau ny khng c p ng th chng c th s khng cn tun theo cc xut ca DSB na. Trong trng hp , bt k bn nguyn no trong v kin ban u c th da vo iu 21.5 ca DSU. Ngy 23 thng 7 nm 2001, Malaysia thng bo vi DSB v nh ca mnh khng co phn quyt trn . c bit, Malaysia mong mun C Quan Phc thm xem xt li kt lun ca Ban Hi Thm rng bin php lin quan n vn trn ca Hoa K khng cu thnh l khng th sa i hay phn bit ngu nhin gia cc nc c cng iu kin v rng do trong phm vi p dng ca bin php c cho php theo iu XX ca GATT 1994 min l cc iu kin nu trong kt lun ca phn quyt ca Ban Hi Thm, c bit cc n lc nghim tc ang thc hin nhm t c mt hip nh a phng cn tha mn. Ngy 19 thng 9, C Quan Phc thm thng bo cho DSB v vic tr hon thng qua phn quyt trong khng n ny. Phn quyt c ban hnh ti cc thnh vin vo ngy 22 thng 10 nm 2001. C Quan Phc thm ph chun cc kt lun gy tranh ci ca Ban Hi Thm: T khi C Quan Phc thm ph chun kt lun ca Ban Hi Thm rng phng php m Hoa K thc hin gi y c p dng theo cch thc p ng c cc yu cu ca iu XX ca GATT 1994, C Quan Phc thm khng a ra xut no. Ngy 21 thng 11 nm 2001, DSB thng qua phn quyt ca C Quan Phc thm v Ban Hi Thm nh c C Quan Phc thm ph chun trong phn quyt ca mnh.

Tnh hnh thc hin cc phn quyt c thng qua. Ngy 25 thng 11 nm 1998, Hoa K thng bo vi DSB cam kt ca mnh trong vic thc hin cc xut ca DSB v ang mong c th tho lun vi nguyn n v vn thc hin cc phn quyt. Cc bn lin quan trong v tranh chp thng bo rng h ng thi gian thc hin l 13 thng k t ngy thng qua cc phn quyt ca C Quan Phc thm v Ban Hi Thm, tc l ht hn vo ngy 6 thng 12 nm 1999. Ngy 22 thng 12 nm 1999, Malaysia v Hoa K thng bo vi DSB rng h t c tha thun v cc quy trnh thc hin theo cc iu 21 v 22 ca DSU. Ti cuc hp ca DSB ngy 27 thng 1 nm 2000, Hoa K cng b thc hin theo cc xut v phn x ca DSB. Hoa K lu rng nc ny ban hnh hng dn sa i thc hin lut ca mnh v tm/ra bin, lut c dung (i) gii thiu tnh linh hot hn trong vic xem xt tnh cht c th so snh c gia cc chng trnh nc ngoi v chng trnh ca Hoa K v (ii) vch thi gian biu v cc th tc chi tit cho cc quyt nh chng nhn. Hoa K cng lu rng nc ny v ang n lc khi ng m phn vi chnh ph cc nc khu vc n Dng bo v ra bin ti khu vc . Cui cng, Hoa K thng bo rng nc ny v s

tip tc cung cp chng trnh o to k thut trong thit k, xy dng, lp t v vn hnh TEDs cho bt k chnh ph no c yu cu. Xem them Phn VI.B. Ngy 12 thng 10 nm 2000, Malaysia yu cu vn cn c chuyn cho Ban Hi Thm ban u gii quyt theo iu 21.5 ca DSU. c bit, Malaysia nhn thy vic khng g b cm nhp khu v khng thc hin cc bin php cn thit cho php nhp khu tm v mt s sn phm tm nht nh theo cch thc khng b hn ch cho thy Hoa K khng tun theo xut v phn x ca DSB. Ti cuc hp ca mnh ngy 23 thng 10 nm 2000, DSB chuyn vn cho Ban Hi Thm ban u gii quyt theo iu 21.5 DSU.

iu XI Trit tiu chung cc hn ch nh lng 1. Khng mt s cm hay hn ch no khc ngoi tr thu quan v cc khon thu khc, d mang hnh thc hn ngch, giy php nhp khu hay xut khu hoc cc bin php khc s c bt c mt bn k kt no nh ra hay duy tr nhm vo vic nhp khu t lnh th ca bt k bn k kt no hay nhm vo vic xut khu hay bn hng xut khu n lnh th ca bt k bn k kt no. 2. Cc quy nh ca khon 1 trong iu khon ny s khng c p dng vi cc trng hp di y: (a) Cm hay hn ch xut khu tm thi p dng nhm ngn nga hay khc phc s khan him trm trng v lng thc hay cc sn phm khc mang tnh trng yu i vi vi Bn k kt ang xut khu; Cm hay hn ch xut khu cn thit p dng cc tiu chun hay quy ch v phn loi, xp hng hay tip th cc sn phm trn th trng quc t; Hn ch nhp khu nng sn hay thu sn d nhp khu di bt c hnh thc no nhm trin khai cc bin php ca chnh ph c p dng: (i) hn ch s lng cc sn phm ni a tng t c php tiu th trn th trng hay sn xut, hoc l nu khng c mt nn sn xut trong nc ng k, th hn ch s lng mt sn phm ni a c th b sn phm nhp khu trc tip thay th; hoc loi tr tnh trng d tha mt sn phm ni a tng t, hoc nu khng c nn sn xut mt sn phm ni a tng t, loi tr tnh trng d tha mt sn phm nhp khu trc tip thay th, bng cch em s lng d tha phc v mt nhm ngi tiu dng min ph hay gim gi di gi th trng; hoc

(b) (c)

(ii)

(iii) hn ch s lng cho php sn xut vi mt sc sn m vic sn xut li ph thuc trc tip mt phn hay ton b vo mt mt hng nhp khu, nu sn xut mt hng trong nc tng i nh. Bt c mt bn k kt no khi p dng hn ch nhp khu bt c mt sn phm no theo ni dung im (c) ca khon ny s cng b tng khi lng hay tng tr gi ca sn phm c php nhp 4

khu trong mt thi k nht nh trong tng lai v mi thay i v s lng hay tr gi ni trn. Hn th na, bt c s hn ch no c p dng theo ni dung mc (i) ni trn cng khng nhm hn ch tng khi lng nhp khu trong tng quan vi tng khi lng c sn xut trong nc, so vi t trng hp l c th c trong iu kin khng c hn ch. Khi xc nh t trng ny bn k kt cn quan tm ng mc ti t trng c trong mt thi gian i din trc hay quan tm ti mt nhn t ring bit no c th hay ang nh hng ti sn phm lin quan.

iu XX Cc ngoi l chung Vi bo lu rng cc bin php cp y khng c theo cch to ra cng c phn bit i x c on hay phi l gia cc nc c cng iu kin nh nhau, hay to ra mt s hn ch tr hnh vi thng mi quc t, khng c quy nh no trong Hip nh ny c hiu l ngn cn bt k bn k kt no thi hnh hay p dng cc bin php: a) b) c) d) cn thit bo v o c cng cng; cn thit bo v cuc sng v sc kho ca con ngi, ng vt hay thc vt; lin quan n xut hoc nhp khu vng v bc; cn thit bo m s tn trng php lut v cc quy tc khng tri vi cc quy nh ca Hip nh ny, v d nh cc quy nh lin quan ti vic p dng cc bin php hi quan, duy tr hiu lc ca chnh sch c quyn tun th ng theo khon 4 iu II v iu XVII, lin quan ti bo h bn quyn, nhn hiu thng mi v quyn tc gi v cc bin php thch hp ngn nga cc hnh vi thng mi gian ln; lin quan ti cc sn phm s dng lao ng ca t nhn; p t bo v di sn quc gia c gi tr ngh thut, lch s hay kho c; lin quan ti vic gn gi ngun ti nguyn c th b cn kit, nu cc bin php cng c p dng hn ch c vi sn xut v tiu dng trong nc; c thi hnh theo ngha v ca mt hip nh lin chnh ph v mt hng ho c s k kt ph hp vi cc tiu thc trnh ra Cc Bn K Kt v khng b Cc Bn phn i hay chnh hip nh trnh ra Cc Bn K Kt v khng b cc bn bc b.* bao hm cc hn ch vi xut khu nguyn liu do trong nc sn xut v cn thit c s lng thit yu nguyn liu m bo hot ng ch tc trong thi k gi ni c duy tr di gi ngoi nhm thc hin mt k hoch n nh kinh t ca chnh ph, vi bo lu rng cc hn ch khng dn ti tng xut khu hay tng cng mc bo h vi ngnh cng nghip trong nc v khng vi phm cc quy nh ca Hip nh ny v khng phn bit i x; thit yu c c hay phn phi mt sn phm thuc din khan him trong c nc hay ti mt a phng; tuy nhin cc bin php phi tng thch vi cc nguyn tc theo mi bn k kt phi c mt phn cng bng trong vic quc t cung cp cc sn phm v cc bin php khng tng thch vi cc quy nh khc ca Hip nh ny s c xo b ngay khi hon cnh dn ti l do p dng khng cn tn ti na. Ngy 30 thng 6 nm 1960 l mun nht Cc Bn K Kt s xem xt li tnh cn thit ca quy nh thuc tiu khon ny.

e) f) g) h)

i)

j)