Reservoir Fluid

Properties

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 Outline
• Phase Behavior and Phase Diagrams
• z-factor and z-factor charts
• FVF of oil and Gas (relates res and surf vol’s
of a phase)
• Isothermal compressibility ( MBE) and
viscosity (fluid flow) of oil and gas
• Vaporization Factor, Rv (MBE Condensate )
• Density of oil and gas (vertical gradients of
fluids in res.)
• MMP and MMR (miscible disp)
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 Phase Behavior-Diagrams

Use of Pressure vs. Temperature Diagrams

• Used to visualize the fluids production path from the

reservoir to the surface

• To classify reservoir fluids

• Visualize miscible processes

• PVT props can indicate fluid barrier type heterogeneity !
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Visualize Production Path

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Phase diagrams: Single component

What are the

important points
or curves?

Why do we call
dense fluid?

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Two-Component and retrograde condensation

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Real Gas law pV  znRT

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Wichert and Aziz Corrections for z-factors of Sour gases

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Abou Kassem and Dranchuk Correlation

Very convenient for simulations 10

 Formation Volume Factor for Gases
Bg = Volume of a gas phase sample in reservoir at reservoir Tand P
Volume of gas phase yielded by the same sample at Tsc and Psc

The unit of Bg is cuft/SCF where Tsc=600F and pscc=14.7

psia

VGR PSC z RTR

Bg  
VGSC z SC TSC PR
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Formation Volume Factor for Dry Gases

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Isothermal Gas Compressibility
Definition of Cg cg = - (1/V) (∂V / ∂P)T or
cg = - (1/VM)* (∂VM / ∂P)T

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Gas Viscosity

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Gas Viscosity Correlations

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Isothermal Oil Compressibility

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Oil Compressibility Below Pb

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Oil Formation Volume Factor, Bo

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Oil Formation Volume Factor, Bo

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 Two Phase Formation Volume Factor, Bt

VoR  VGR VGR

Two phase FVF is defined as: Bt   Bo 
VoSC VoSC

And can be shown to be: Bt  Bo  B g ( Rsi  Rs ) 21

 Modern PVT properties
• The previous illustrations shows that there is no
volatilized oil in the gas phase. Thus there is no
condensation upon change of P and T to surface values.
•
• Therefore MBE based on the previous concepts only
were applicable only to dry gas and black oil reservoirs.

• The retrograde gases and liberated gas of volatile oil gas

contains volatilized oil and hence the illustrations differ.

• Consider the following PVT experiment.

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PVT properties for volatile oil and condensates

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 MMP Estimation
• Graphical laboratory determination
• Slim tube experiments(42ft lenght)
• Actual reservoir temperature and actual gas(fixed composition)
• 6 to 8 points increasing pressure

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 MME Estimation
• Graphical laboratory determination
• Slim tube experiments(42ft lenght)
• Actual reservoir temperature and actual gas(fixed
pressure)
• 6 to 8 points increasing enrichment

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